cuneiform
US
・UK
A1 初級
adj.形容詞楔形的 ； 楔形文字的 ； 楔狀骨的 ； 楔形文字 ； 楔狀骨
影片字幕
語言有多古老？SciShow 帶你搭乘時光機回到過去！ (How Old IS Language?)
14:43
- Sure, there's writing, and the oldest example of that is Mesopotamian cuneiform, which is about 5,000 years old. But we're pretty sure that language has to be older than writing itself, and probably by a long shot. Because many of the things that humans have done just wouldn't be possible without a way to communicate big ideas. Like, how do you tell another person how to build a structure without words? So we have to look for indirect evidence of language that predates the written word. Language isn't really possible without symbols and the cognitive ability to process them. A word can represent an object, but it's not the object itself. This kind of symbolic representation means that language lets us talk about things that aren't directly in front of us, plus abstract ideas or concepts like fear or love or extinction.
當然，有文字，最古老的文字是美索不達米亞的楔形文字，距今約有 5000 年的歷史。但我們可以肯定的是，語言的歷史一定比文字本身還要久遠，而且可能還要久遠得多。因為如果沒有交流思想的方式，人類所做的許多事情都不可能實現。比如，如果沒有文字，你如何告訴別人如何建造一座建築？所以我們必須尋找文字出現之前的間接語言證據。沒有符號和處理符號的認知能力，就不可能有語言。文字可以代表一個物體，但它不是物體本身。這種象徵性的表徵意味著語言可以讓我們談論並非直接擺在我們面前的事物，以及抽象的想法或概念，如恐懼、愛或滅亡。
- They would have had to talk about it. So if we look for evidence of symbolic thought, we can assume they also had language. Mesopotamian cuneiform developed out of a system of physical tokens, which were used by merchants to keep track of merchandise.
他們必須談論它。是以，如果我們尋找象徵性思維的證據，我們可以假設他們也有語言。美索不達米亞的楔形文字是由商人用來記錄商品的實物符號系統發展而來的。
跟著 BBC 一起回顧護照的三千年歷史 (The 3,000-year-old history of the passport | BBC Global)
04:08
- The history of the passport actually goes all the way back to the 14th century BCE, so 3500 years ago in ancient Egypt, messengers were sent out by their sovereigns with terracotta or clay tablets that were inscribed with cuneiform characters, sometimes to arrange marriages, sometimes to deliver messages, but always to engage in an early form of international relations.
實際上，護照的歷史可以追溯到公元前 14 世紀，即 3500 年前的古埃及，當時的君主派遣信使攜帶刻有楔形文字的陶板或泥板，有時是為了安排婚姻，有時是為了傳遞信息，但總是為了進行早期形式的國際交往。
第 08 單元 (Unit 08)
04:37
- The writing they used was called cuneiform, a script that was formed by making triangular shapes onto clay with an instrument that had a corner on it, a kind of pen.
他們使用的文字被稱為楔形文字，這種文字是用一種帶角的工具（一種筆）在粘土上畫出三角形而形成的。
