It's a neighborhood in a small town very near Amsterdam, in the Netherlands.

這是霍格威。

There are 27 houses for six, seven people each.

它是荷蘭一個小鎮上的鄰里， 非常靠近阿姆斯特丹。

There's a small mall with a restaurant, a pub, a supermarket, a club room.

那裡有 27 間房子， 每間有 6~7 人。

There are streets, alleys, there's a theater.

有一個小型購物中心，內有餐廳、 酒吧、超級市場、俱樂部房間。

It actually is a nursing home.

那裡有街道、巷弄， 也有一間戲院。

A nursing home for people that live with an advanced dementia

它其實是一間療養院。

and that need 24-7 care and support.

這間療養院所住的是 重度失智症患者，

Dementia is a terrible disease,

他們一天 24 小時，一週七天 都需要照護和支持。

and we still don't have any cure for it.

失智是一種很糟的疾病，

It's getting to be a major problem in the world,

我們仍然沒有方法治療它。

for the people, for the politicians,

它漸漸成為世界上的 一個重大問題，

for the world -- it's getting to be a big problem.

對人民、對政治人物、

We see that we have waiting lists in the nursing homes.

對世界來說—— 它漸漸成為一個大問題。

Most people that come to the nursing homes with dementia are women.

我們知道，在療養院有等候名單。

And that's also because women are used to taking care of people,

大部分到療養院的 失智症患者是女性。

so they can manage to take care of their husband with dementia,

那也是因為女性很習慣照料人，

but the other way around is not so easy for the gentlemen.

所以她們的先生若得了失智症， 她們也能負責照顧，

Dementia is a disease that affects the brain.

但在相反的情況中， 對男性而言就沒這麼容易了。

The brain is confused.

失智是一種會影響大腦的疾病。

People don't know anymore what the time is,

大腦很困惑。

what's going on, who people are.

患者不再知道現在是什麼時間、

They're very confused.

有什麼事有發生，也認不得人了。

And because of that confusion,

他們非常困惑。

they get to be anxious, depressed, aggressive.

因為那種困惑，

This is a traditional nursing home.

他們會變得很焦慮、

I worked there in 1992.

憂鬱、有侵略性。

I was a care manager.

這是一間傳統的療養院。

And we often spoke together about the fact

1992 年時我在那裡工作。

that what we were doing there was not what we wanted for our parents,

我是照護經理。

for our friends, for ourselves.

我們常常聚在一起談，

And one day, we said,

說我們在那裡所做的事， 並不是我們希望我們的父母、

\"When we keep on saying this, nothing is going to change.

我們的朋友、我們自己 若失智時會得到的照護。

We are in charge here.

有一天，我們說：

We should do something about this,

「我們一直說這些， 什麼都改變不了。

so that we do want to have our parents here.\"

這裡是我們主導的。

We talked about that, and what we saw every day

我們應該要來採取行動，

was that the people that lived in our nursing home

做到讓我們也希望 我們的父母住到這裡。」

were confused about their environment,

我們談了這件事， 以及我們每天所看到的

because what they saw was a hospital-like environment,

都是住在我們療養院的病人

with doctors and nurses and paramedics in uniform,

對於他們的環境感到非常困惑，

and they lived on a ward.

因為他們看到的是 一個像醫院的環境，

And they didn't understand why they lived there.

都是穿著制服的醫生、 護士、急救護理人員，

And they looked for the place to get away.

且他們住在病房中。

They looked and hoped to find the door to go home again.

他們不了解為什麼他們住在那裡。

And we said what we are doing in this situation

他們會想要想辦法逃離。

is offering these people that already have a confused brain

他們會尋找並希望 能找到回家的那扇門。

some more confusion.

我們說，在這個 情況下我們所做的事

We were adding confusion to confusion.

是帶給這些頭腦已經 非常困惑的病人

And that was not what these people needed.

更多的困惑。

These people wanted to have a life,

我們在困惑上再加上困惑。

and the help, our help, to deal with that dementia.

那並不是這些人所需要的。

These people wanted to live in a normal house,

這些人想要有個人生，

not in a ward.

想要得到協助，我們的協助， 來處理失智的問題。

They wanted to have a normal household,

這些人想要住在一般的房子裡，

where they would smell their dinner on the stove in the kitchen.

而不是病房。

Or be free to go to the kitchen and grab something to eat or drink.

他們想要有個正常的家庭，

That's what these people needed.

在這個家庭裡，能聞到 廚房的爐子傳來晚餐的香味。

And that's what we should organize for them.

或者他們能夠自由進入廚房， 隨手抓些東西來吃或喝。

And we said we should organize this like at home,

那才是這些人需要的。

so they wouldn't live with a group of 15 or 20 or 30, like in a ward.

那才是我們應該為他們安排的。

No, a small group of people, six or seven, family-like.

我們說，我們應該 把環境安排成像家一樣，

Like living with friends.

讓他們不用和 15、20，或 30 個人 住在一起，像住病房一樣。

And we should find a way to select people

不要，應該一小群人就好， 6 或 7 個人，就像個家庭。

based on their ideas about life

就像和朋友同住。

so that they did have a good chance to become friends,

我們得要想出一種方式來挑選人，

when they lived together.

依據他們對於人生的想法來挑選，

And we interviewed all the families of the residents

這麼一來，當他們住在一起時，

about \"what is important for your father,\" \"what's important for your mother,\"

才會更有機會成為朋友。

\"what is their life like,\" \"what do they want.\"

我們和所有居民的家人進行面談，

And we found seven groups, and we call them lifestyle groups.

談「你父親重視什麼」、 「你母親重視什麼」、

And for instance, we found this formal lifestyle.

「他們的人生是什麼樣子的」、 「他們想要什麼」。

In this lifestyle,

我們分出了七種族群， 被我們命名為生活方式分組。

people have a more formal way of interacting with each other,

比如，我們發現了 一種正式生活方式，

a distant way.

在這種生活方式中，

Their daily rhythm starts later in the day,

人們和彼此互動的方式比較正式，

ends later in the day.

比較有距離。

Classical music is more heard in this lifestyle group

他們每天的日常節奏 開始得比較晚，

than in other lifestyle groups.

結束得也比較晚。

And their menu,

比起其他生活方式分組， 在這種生活方式分組中

well, is more French cuisine than traditional Dutch.

更常聽到古典音樂。

(Laughter)

他們的菜單，

In contrary to the craftsman lifestyle.

比較多是法國菜 而不是傳統荷蘭菜。

That's a very traditional lifestyle,

（笑聲）

and they get up early in the morning, go to bed early,

相對的分組則是工匠生活方式。

because they have worked hard their whole life, mostly with their hands,

那是種非常傳統的生活方式，

very often had a very small family business, a small farm, a shop,

他們早上很早起床， 很早上床睡覺，

or like Mr. B, he was a farmhand.

因為他們一生中都辛勤工作， 大部分都是要動手去做，

And he told me that he would go to his work every morning

很常見的是經營小型 家族事業、小農場、小店，

with a paper bag with his lunch

或像 B 先生，他是農場工人。

and one cigar.

他告訴我，他每天早上去工作時，

That one cigar was the only luxury he could afford for himself.

會用紙袋裝著午餐一起帶去，

And after lunch, he would have that one cigar.

裡面還有一根雪茄。

And until the day he died in the Hogeweyk,

那根雪茄是他唯一能 負擔得起的奢侈品。

he was in this little shed, every day, after lunch, to smoke his cigar.

午餐之後，他就會抽那根雪茄。

This is my mother.

到他在霍格威過世的那一天之前，

She's of the cultural lifestyle,

每天午餐後他都在這間小屋抽雪茄。

she's been living in the Hogeweyk six weeks now.

這是我母親。

And that lifestyle is about traveling, meeting other people, other cultures,

她的分組是文化生活方式，

interest in arts and music.

現在她已經在霍格威住了六週了。

There are more lifestyles.

那種生活方式的特點是旅行、 認識其他人、其他文化、

But that's what we talked about, and that's what we did.

對藝術和音樂感興趣。

But that's not life in a house with a group of people,

還有更多其他生活方式。

like-minded people, your own life, your own household.

但，那就是我們在談的， 也是我們所做的。

There's more in life,

但，那並不只是和一群人 住在一間房子裡的生活，

everybody wants fun in life and a meaningful life.

和想法相似的人， 你自己的人生，你自己的家庭。

We are social animals --

人生不只如此，

we need a social life.

大家都希望人生有樂趣且有意義。

And that's what we started.

我們是社交的動物——

We want to go out of our house and do some shopping,

我們需要社交生活。

and meet other people.

那就是我們開始做的事。

Or go to the pub, have a beer with friends.

我們想要走出 我們的房子，去購物，

Or like Mr. W -- he likes to go out every day,

去見見其他人。

see if there are nice ladies around.

或是去酒吧，和朋友喝杯啤酒。

(Laughter)

或像是 W 先生—— 他喜歡每天都出門，

And he's very courteous to them,

看看附近有沒有美女。

and he hopes for smiles and he gets them.

（笑聲）

And he dances with them in the pub.

他對她們非常有禮，

It's a feast every day.

他希望能得到微笑， 也確實得到了。

There are people that would rather go to the restaurant,

他和她們在酒吧跳舞。

have a wine with friends,

每天都是盛宴。

or lunch or dinner with friends and celebrate life.

有些人寧願去餐廳，

And my mother, she takes a walk in the park,

和朋友喝葡萄酒，

and sits on a bench in the sun,

或和朋友吃午餐 或晚餐，頌揚生命。

hoping that a passerby will come and sit next to her

而我母親，她會在公園散步，

and have a conversation about life

在太陽下坐在長凳上，

or about the ducks in the pond.

希望有人路過，坐在她旁邊，

That social life is important.

和她聊聊人生，

It means that you're part of society, that you belong.

或是池塘裡的鴨子。

And that's what we people need.

那種社交生活很重要。

Even if you're living with advanced dementia.

那意味著你是社會的 一部分，你有歸屬。

This is what I see from my office window.

那是我們人類的需求。

And one day, I saw a lady coming from one side,

即使你得到重度的失智症也一樣。

and the other lady from the other side, and they met at the corner.

這是我從我辦公室的 窗戶所看見的景象。

And I knew both ladies very well.

有一天，我看見 一位女士從一邊過來，

I often saw them walking around outside.

另一位女士從另一邊過來， 她們在街角相遇。

And now and then, I tried to have a conversation with them,

我很熟識這兩位女士。

but their conversation was ...

我常常看到她們在外面行走。

rather hard to understand.

偶爾，我會試著和她們交談，

But I saw them meeting, and I saw them talking,

但她們的對話……

and I saw them gesturing.

蠻難理解的。

And they had fun together.

但我看見她們相遇， 看見她們說話，

And then they said goodbye, and each went their own way.

看見她們比手劃腳。

And that's what you want in life, meeting other people

她們在一起很開心。

and being part of society.

接著，她們道別，各自上路離開。

And that's what I saw happening.

這就是你在人生中想要的， 和其他人會面，

The Hogeweyk has become a place

成為社會的一部分。

where people with very advanced dementia can live,

而我就看到了這樣的狀況發生。

have freedom and safety,

霍格威變成了一個不同的地方，

because the professionals working there and the volunteers working there

在這裡，重度失智症病人可以

know how to deal with dementia.

自由且安全地生活，

And the professionals know how to do their professional work

因為在那裡工作的 專業人士以及志工

in a way that it fits in a natural way in the life of our residents.

知道如何處理失智。

And that means that the management has to provide everything

專業人士知道如何 做他們的專業工作，

those people need to do their work.

且採用的方式能很自然地 融入到我們居民的生活中。

It needs a management that dares to do this.

那就表示，管理階層得要提供他們

To do things differently than we always have done

工作所需要的一切。

in a traditional nursing home.

管理階層需要有膽識這麼做。

We see that it works.

採不同的方式來做事，

We think this can be done everywhere,

不同於傳統療養院慣用的方式。

because this is not for the rich.

我們知道這是行得通的。

We've been doing this with the same budget

我們認為這種方式 可以用在任何地方，

as any traditional nursing home has in our country.

因為它不是給富人專用的。

We work only with the state budget.

我們這麼做所使用的預算

(Applause)

和我們國內任何傳統 療養院的預算都一樣。

Because it has to do with thinking different,

我們只用州提供的預算。