Dweck delineated between two different mindsets that exist on a continuum.

杜維克描述在一個持續演變的狀態中存在著兩種不同的思維。

The first is the fixed mindset, which suggests that your abilities are innate and unchangeable.

第一種是定型思維，表示你的能力是與生俱來且無法改變的。

The second is a growth mindset, which views it as something you can improve through practice.

第二種是成長思維，將其視為能透過練習而進步。

In a fixed mindset, you view failure as permanent.

在定型思維中，你將失敗視為永遠如此，

But with a growth mindset, you see failure as a chance to learn and even pivot.

但保有成長思維，你會將失敗視為一種學習，甚至是扭轉的機會。

Those with a fixed mindset are more likely to view critical feedback as a personal attack,

有定型思維的人很可能會將批評性反饋視為一種人身攻擊，

while those with a growth mindset will see it as a chance to improve, where they can develop new systems.

而有成長思維的人會將其視為進步的機會，他們可以從中開發新方法。

With a fixed mindset, you're more likely to choose easier tasks and put in minimal effort.

抱持定型思維，你很有可能選擇比較簡單的任務並盡最少的努力。

After all, if talent is fixed why bother improving?

畢竟，如果天賦是既定的，何必要努力變好呢？

Why even try?

甚至還有需要嘗試嗎？

But with the growth mindset, you're more likely to embrace challenging tasks and work hard to improve.

但若抱持著成長思維，你很有可能會接受具挑戰性的任務並努力進步。

Those with the fixed mindset are likely to give up when they face an obstacle.

抱持定型思維的人很可能在面臨阻礙的時候放棄。

Meanwhile, those with the growth mindset will view obstacles as a chance to experiment and solve problems.

同時，抱持成長思維的人會將阻礙視為嘗試的機會並解決問題。

In a fixed mindset, the focus is on measurable accomplishments.

定型思維會將重點放在可度量出來的成就上。

But with the growth mindset, the focus is more on a journey of continual improvement.

但抱持成長思維，則會將重點更放在一趟持續進步的旅程上。

With a fixed mindset, you're less likely to take creative risks.

若抱持著定型思維，你比較不會去冒創意的風險。

But with a growth mindset, creative risks are simply a way to innovate and improve.

但抱持成長思維，創意的風險僅僅會是一個創新和進步的方式。

Ultimately, your mindset influences everything from creative risk-taking to how you view feedback to whether or not you finish difficult tasks.

最終，你的思維會影響從承擔任何有創意的風險，到你如何看待反饋，再到你是否會完成困難的任務。

And in the end, it's one of the greatest factors in determining whether or not you grow and improve in your abilities.

而到最後，這會是決定你是否能夠成長和提高能力的重要因素之一。