Name: 【TED-Ed】到底是什麼導致便秘？ (What causes constipation? - Heba Shaheed)
Uploaded: 2018-08-14T21:01:20.000Z
Duration: 3 min 33 s

Visiting the bathroom is part  of the daily human experience.

上廁所是人類日常生活體驗的一部分

關係子句

a condition that causes a backup in your digestive system.

這種狀況導致你的消化系統罷工

The food you eat can take several days  to exit your body.

你吃下去的食物可能要花上幾天才會排出體內

And for many,  constipation can become chronic,

而對許多人來說，便祕可能變成一種慢性病，

meaning regularly passing lumpy  hard stools accompanied by straining.

意味著經常得使勁才能排出乾硬的糞便

What's behind this  unsettling phenomenon?

是什麼造成這種令人不安的現象呢?

Constipation arises in the colon,  also known as the large intestine.

便祕發生在也被稱為大腸的結腸中

This muscular organ is split into four sections:

這個肌肉器官被分為四個部分 :

consisting of ingested food,  bile, and digestive juices

由攝取的食物、膽汁和消化液组成的糞便

the organ siphons off most  of the water it contains,

結腸會吸收大部分其蘊含的水分，

the more reabsorption occurs, resulting in increasingly solid stool.

重新吸收水分的狀況發生的次數就越 多，導致糞便越來越硬

a final bout of reabsorption  occurs before it enters the rectum,

最後一回合的再吸收會在它進入直腸之前發生

distending its walls and telling the internal anal sphincter to relax.

讓結腸壁擴張並通知肛門內括約肌鬆弛

This is the point where you can usually  decide whether to physically expel

這往往就是你可以決定要排便或是

That's regulated by  the pelvic floor muscles,

這個過程是由骨盆底肌所調節，

The puborectalis forms  a sling-like formation around the rectum

恥骨直腸肌在直腸周圍形成吊帶狀結構

And when you voluntarily relax  your external anal sphincter,

當你自發性放鬆肛門外括約肌時，

a desire to visit the bathroom isn't enough to coax your body into action.

想上廁所的慾望並不足以誘發身體採取行動

Usually there's two factors  behind this problem:

通常導致這種問題的因素有兩個：

the stool's slow movement  through the colon

In the first, stool moves excessively  slowly through the intestines,

在第一種情況下，糞便通過腸道的速度過度緩慢，

causing over-absorption of liquid,  which makes the stool dry and hard.

導致水分被過度吸收，讓糞便變得又乾又硬

stool becomes difficult  to eliminate from the rectum

because of tightened pelvic floor muscles, or due to a pelvic organ prolapse,

是由骨盆底肌僵硬或盆腔器官脫垂導致，

Both of these problems  make the anorectal angle more acute

這兩個問題都使直腸肛門角的角度更加尖銳

researchers have developed metrics, such as the Bristol Stool Chart.

為了準確識別便秘，研究人員開發了一些指標，如 Bristol Stool Chart

will be able to tell they've experienced  constipation before.

都能說明他們是否有便秘的經驗

When you're on the toilet, you should ideally be in a squatting position.

上廁所時，理想情況下你應該採取蹲姿

With your buttocks firmly  on the toilet seat,

把你的臀部牢牢地放在馬桶座上

which straightens the anorectal angle and eases the passage of waste.

從而矯正直腸肛門角的角度，讓廢物排出更加順利

Going a day without a bowel movement  isn't necessarily cause for alarm.

一天沒有排便並不一定需要緊張

But if you are experiencing  chronic constipation,

透過簡單的飲食和生活方式的改變，

may help restore your daily trip to the toilet.

可能有助於恢復每天到廁所報到