Name: 帶你發現不是倫敦的倫敦！第二部（The (Secret) City of London, Part 2: Government）
Uploaded: 2012-12-07T17:03:30.000Z
Duration: 5 min 48 s

The City of London is a unique place -- it's the city in a city (in a country in a country)

倫敦市是一個獨特的地方--它是城中之城（國中之國）。

副詞型分詞構句

that runs its government with perhaps the most complicated elections in the world involving

它以可能是世界上最複雜的選舉來管理其政府，其中包括

medieval guilds, modern corporations, mandatory titles and fancy hats, all of which are connected

中世紀的行會、現代的公司、強制性的頭銜和花哨的帽子，所有這些都是相通的。

in this horrifying org chart. Why so complicated?

在這個可怕的組織結構圖中。為什麼這麼複雜？

Though the new Skyscrapers might make you think the City of London is relatively young,

雖然新的摩天大樓可能會讓你覺得倫敦城還比較年輕。

it's actually the oldest continuous government on the Island of Great Britain.

它'實際上是大不列顛島上最古老的連續政府。

The City of London predates the Empire that Victoria ruled, the Kingdoms Anne united and

倫敦城早於維多利亞統治的帝國，王國安統一和。

the Magna Carta that John, reluctantly, signed.

約翰不情願地簽署的《大憲章》。

While the London which surrounds the city only got to electing its first Mayor in 2000,

而環繞著這座城市的倫敦，卻在2000年才選舉出第一位市長。

the list of Mayors who've governed the City of London is almost 700 people long going

治理倫敦市的市長名單幾乎有700人之多。

The City of London's government is so old there's no surviving record of when it was

倫敦市的政府是如此的古老，沒有現存的記錄，當它是

born -- there are only documents, like the Magna Carta, which mention the pre-existing

誕生--只有像《大憲章》這樣的文件，才會提到之前存在的。

powers the City of London already had at that time.

While a government like the United States's officially gets its power from the people,

雖然像美國'的政府正式從人民那裡獲得權力。

and Parliament gets its power from the Crown, (which in turn gets it from God), the City

而議會的權力來自王室（而王室的權力又來自上帝），市

of London gets its power from 'time immemorial' meaning that the City is so old, it just is.

倫敦的力量來自於'時間的遠古&39;意思是說，這座城市太古老了，它就是這樣。

And that age brings with it unusual and complicated traditions, the most notable of these, perhaps,

而這個時代也帶來了不同尋常的複雜傳統，其中最值得一提的，也許就是這些傳統。

is that in city of London elections, companies get votes.

就是在倫敦市的選舉中，公司得到選票。

Quite a lot actually, about 3/4th of the votes cast in City elections are from companies

其實挺多的，市選舉中約有3/4的選票是來自企業的

with the remaining 1/4th from residents. The way it works is that the bigger a company

與其餘1/4來自居民。其運作方式是，公司規模越大

is the more votes it gets from the City of London. The companies then give their votes

是它從倫敦市獲得的票數越多。然後，這些公司將他們的選票

to select employees who work, but do not live, within the city and it's these employees who

挑選在市內工作但不住在市內的員工，而正是這些員工。

The result is that the Common Council, the bureaucratic beating heart of the City of

其結果是，共同委員會，作為紐約市的官僚機構的跳動的心臟。

London, has about 20 common councilors elected by residents of the city and about 80 elected

倫敦，約有20名由該市居民選出的普通議員和約80名民選議員。

The reasoning behind this unusual tradition is that for every 1 person who lives in the

這個不同尋常的傳統背後的原因是，每1個住在這裡的人，就會有1個在這裡生活的人。

City of London, 43 people commute in every day. In total that's 300,000 commuters using

倫敦市，每天有43人通勤。總共有30萬名通勤者在使用

City services and whose employment depends on the City of London being business friendly.

城市服務，其就業取決於倫敦市的商業友好度。

The man in charge of the common council and who heads The City's government is The Right

掌管議會的人和上司城市政府的人是The Right。

Now, suppose *you* want to be Lord Mayor,

Surely, just as in that other London all you'll need do is

當然，就像在另一個倫敦一樣，你所需要做的就是

a) Be a British, Commonwealth, or EU citizen, who has

(a) 是英國、英聯邦或歐盟公民，並具有以下條件：

Right? No, in The City of London, that's not nearly enough. Ready for the qualifications

對不對？不，在倫敦城，這還遠遠不夠。準備好資格

Before you even run for Lord Mayor you need have been a Sheriff of The City of London.

在你競選市長之前，你必須是倫敦市的警長。

But before you can be Sheriff, you need to be an Aldermen.

但在你成為郡長之前，你需要成為奧德曼。

What's an Aldermen? Well, the City of London is divided into 25 wards, and each Ward elects

什麼是Aldermen？好吧，倫敦市被劃分為25個區，每個區都會選出

one Aldermen to represent it on the Court of Aldermen -- a sub-section of the common

一名市議員在市議會----一個共同的分庭----中代表它。

Before you can run for Alderman, you need to gain Freeman Status... and who gives out

在你競選議員之前，你需要獲得自由人身份... 誰給你的？

freeman status? Why none other than the very Court of Aldermen you're trying to get elected

自由人身份？為什麼不是其他的正是你想選出來的市政廳的人？

Which might just seem like a conflict of interest. Luckily there is another way to get the freeman

這可能只是看起來像一個利益衝突。幸運的是有另一種方式來獲得自由人。

status -- join one of the City's Guilds -- sadly, they aren't called guilds, they're called

狀態--加入城市'的行會之一--可惜，他們不叫行會，他們叫

Livery Companies (a name which is both more boring and less descriptive), but the remnants

交付公司（這個名字既枯燥無味，又不那麼好描述），但殘餘的。

of medieval guilds many of them are and within the City there are 108 of them to choose from

的中世紀行會很多，在城內有108個行會可供選擇。

and the most exciting of all: The Chartered Accountants!

以及最令人激動的。特許會計師！

Many of these guilds, like the Fletchers, have become charities, but some are still

這些公會中的許多，如弗萊徹，已經成為慈善機構，但有些仍然是。

active, such as the Goldsmiths who test the quality of British coinage and the Hackney

活躍的，如檢測英國錢幣品質的金匠和哈克尼的

carriage drivers who license taxi drivers.

頒發計程車司機執照的馬車司機。

To join one of these guilds you'll either need to meet the professional requirements,

要加入這些行會之一，你要麼需要滿足專業要求。

or for the charities like the Haberdashers you'll need the approval of two existing members,

或對於像哈伯達斯這樣的慈善機構，你需要兩個現有成員的準許。

others won't tell you how to become a members.

別人不會告訴你如何成為會員。

If, you meet none of the Livery Companies membership requirements, but you think you'll

如果，你不符合Livery公司的任何成員要求，但你認為你'會。

be a clever clogs and start your *own* Livery Company and grant *yourself* freeman status,

做個聰明的木屐，成立你自己的交配公司，給自己自由人的地位。

tough luck because new Livery Companies need to be approved by, you guessed it, the Court

運氣不好，因為新的交付公司需要得到準許，你猜對了，是法院。

But let's assume one way or another you get the official freeman status certificate, now

但是，讓我們假設以某種方式或其他方式，你得到了正式的自由人身份證書，現

you can finally run for Aldermen of a Ward -- after the Lord Chancellor’s Advisory

在大法官的諮詢之後，你終於可以競選區長了。

But, that small barrier passed, you can win election as Aldermen in either one of the

但是，這個小障礙通過了，你可以在任何一個地方當選為Aldermen。

4 wards where people live or the 21 wards where companies live.

人居住的4個區或公司居住的21個區。

Once on the court of aldermen to continue your path to the Mayor's Office in Guildhall,

一旦上了市政廳的法庭，要繼續你的道路，到市政廳的市長'辦公室。

you must now be elected as sheriff, but this time it's the members of the Livery Companies

你現在必須被選為警長，但這一次是制服公司的成員

So *if* the Livery Company members elect you as Sheriff, *after* you have successfully

所以，如果你成功地讓公司成員選舉你為郡長後

completed your term *then* you can finally run for Mayor.

完成任期後，你終於可以競選市長了。

But, surprisingly the, residents of the City of London don't vote for the Mayor, our old

但是，令人驚訝的是，倫敦市的居民不投票給市長，我們的老

So in summary, once you get freeman status from either the court of aldermen or the livery

所以總的來說，一旦你從市政廳或警察署獲得自由人身份

companies and after your ward elected you as alderman and then the livery companies

在你的選區選舉你為市議員後，你的制服公司

elect you as sheriff and after your term as sheriff ends but while you're still on the

選舉你為警長，並在你的任期結束後，但當你';仍然在上的

court of aldermen then you can run for Mayor.

And -- assuming the other aldermen select you, finally take your place as **The Right

而且 -- 假設其他市議員選擇了你，最終以**右派的身份坐上你的位置。

Honorable, The Lord Mayor of London** -- for one year, with no salary. And you have to

尊敬的倫敦市長大人** -- 一年，沒有薪水。而且你必須...

cover your own expenses, which will be quite considerable as your new job consists mostly

負擔自己的費用，這將是相當可觀的，因為你的新工作主要包括

of making hundreds of speeches a year around the world promoting city business.

每年在世界各地發表數百次演講，促進城市商業發展。

But you do get that fancy hat, which just might make it all worth while.

但你會得到那頂漂亮的帽子，這也許會讓你覺得很值得。