Name: TED-Ed】是什麼讓一首詩......成為一首詩？- Melissa Kovacs (【TED-Ed】What makes a poem … a poem? - Melissa Kovacs)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T06:57:20.000Z
Duration: 5 min 20 s

Muhammad Ali spent years training to become the greatest boxer

穆罕默德阿里歷經數年的訓練，成為有史以來

but only moments to create the shortest poem.

但卻僅有少少片刻來完成最簡短的詩

Ali captivated Harvard's  graduating class in 1975

with his message of unity and friendship.

阿里關於團結與友誼的一番言論擄獲了眾人

When he finished,  the audience wanted more.

當他語畢，台下的人央求聽更多

Ali delivered what is considered the shortest poem ever.

阿里於是做了一首被視為最簡短的詩

Regardless, if these two words are a poem, then what exactly makes a poem a poem?

總之，既然這兩個字都能算做一首詩，那究竟怎樣才能被稱為是詩？

Poets themselves have struggled with this question,

often using metaphors to approximate a definition.

因而運用比喻來盡可能給個定義

Poetry generally has certain recognizable characteristics.

大致上，詩有一些既定的明顯特徵

One - poems emphasize language's musical qualities.

This can be achieved through rhyme, rhythm, and meter,

like literature with all the water wrung out of it.

Three - poems often feature intense feelings,

第三：詩著重於闡述強烈的情感

Poetry, like art itself, has a way of challenging simple definitions.

詩，就像藝術，自有一套方法挑戰簡單的定義

While the rhythmic patterns  of the earliest poems

were a way to remember stories even before the advent of writing,

才能在沒有文字記載下傳揚故事

toe the line between visual art and poetry.

這兩首作品跨足了視覺藝術和詩

Meanwhile, E.E. Cummings wrote poems whose shapes were as important

不僅如此，E.E. Cummings 同樣寫了一首

in this case amplifying the sad loneliness of a single leaf falling through space.

這首詩強化了一片落葉劃過空中掉落的孤寂感

If the visual nature of poetry faded into the background,

and that's an area that people love to debate.

Many don't regard songwriters as poets in a literary sense,

就文字而言，大多數人不認為作詞家是詩人

他們的歌詞縱使沒有音樂也能昂然獨立

In rap, poet elements like rhyme, rhythm, and imagery

就饒舌歌曲而言，詩的要素如押韻、韻律和意象

Take this lyric from the Notorious B.I.G.

舉以下聲名狼藉先生（Notorious B.I.G）的歌詞為例

"I can hear sweat trickling  down your cheek

「我可以聽見汗珠流過你的臉頰」

Your heartbeat sound  like Sasquatch feet

「你的心跳聽來像是薩斯科奇人的大腳」

So far, all the examples we've seen have had line breaks.

目前為止，所有我們看過的例子都有分行

We can even imagine the two words of Ali's poem organizing in the air -

我們甚至可以想像阿里的二字詩在空中排列─

Poetry has a shape  that we can usually recognize.

詩有一個通常能用以辨識的形狀

Its line breaks help readers navigate the rhythms of a poem.

But what if those line breaks disappeared?

Prose poems use vivid images and wordplay

散文詩運用生動的意象和文字遊戲

When we look at poetry less as a form and more as a concept,

當我們拋開形式，將詩視為一種概念

the speeches of orators like Martin Luther King, Jr.,

In 2010, journalist Joanna Smith tweeted updates from the earthquake in Haiti.

在 2010 年，記者 Joanna Smith 發布一則有關海地地震最新消息的推特

"Was in b-room getting dressed when heard my name.

「聽到我的名字時正在房裡著裝

Tremor. Ran outside through sliding door.

現在一切平靜。安全。公雞鳴叫。」

Smith uses language in a way that is powerful, direct,

Smith 運用文字的方式強大、直接

the ancient Japanese poetic form  that emphasizes bursts of brief intensity

一種傳統日本詩形式，強調在短短三句，

with just three lines of five,  seven, and five syllables.

每句五、七、五個音節中爆發出簡短但強大的訊息

the line between poetry,  prose, song, and visual art has blurred.

詩、散文、歌曲和視覺藝術之間的界限越趨模糊

The word poetry actually began in verb form,

詩（poetry）這個字起源於動詞形式

coming from the ancient Greek poiesis, which means to create.

源自古希臘字poiesis，意思是「創造」

Poets, like craftsman, still work with the raw materials of the world

詩人，如同工匠，活用世上的素材

and comment on what it is to be human in a way only humans can.

用只有人類才辦得到的方式闡述何為人類

Dartmouth researchers tested this idea by asking robots to pen poetry.

達特茅斯研究人員透過下令機器人做詩來驗證這點子

A panel of judges sorted  through stacks of sonnets

評審團在成堆的十四行詩中篩選

to see if they could distinguish those made by man and machine.

看他們能否區分人類和機器人寫的詩

You may be happy to know that while scientists have successfully

used artificial intelligence  in manufacturing,

The robots were caught red-handed 100% of the time.

百分之百的機率機器人會被揪出來