Name: EVA空氣 (EVA Air)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T06:01:32.000Z
Duration: 35 min 32 s
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EVA Airways Corporation"; traditional Chinese: 長榮航空; simplified Chinese: 长荣航空;

pinyin: Chángróng Hángkōng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tióng-êng Hâng-khong) is a Taiwanese airline

based at Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport near Taipei, Taiwan, operating passenger and

dedicated cargo services to over 40 international destinations in Asia, Australia, Europe and

North America. EVA Air is largely privately owned and flies a fully international route

network. It is the second largest Taiwanese airline. EVA Air is headquartered in Luzhu,

Taoyuan County. Since its founding in 1989 as an affiliate

of shipping conglomerate Evergreen Group, EVA Air has expanded to include air cargo,

airline catering, ground handling, and aviation engineering services. Its cargo arm, EVA Air

Cargo, links with the Evergreen worldwide shipping network on sea and land. Its domestic

and regional subsidiary, UNI Air, operates a medium and short-haul network based in Kaohsiung,

Taiwan. EVA Air is the 6th safest international airline in the world, with no hull losses

or fatalities since its establishment. EVA Air operates a mixed fleet of Airbus,

Boeing, and McDonnell Douglas aircraft, with Airbus A330, Boeing 747, and Boeing 777 airliners

primarily used on passenger routes, along with Boeing 747 and MD-11 freighters used

on cargo routes. The airline was one of the first carriers to introduce the premium economy

class, which it debuted in 1991. EVA Air's slogan is "Sharing the World, Flying Together."

In September 1988, during the 20th anniversary celebration of Evergreen Marine Corporation’s

founding, company chairman Chang Yung-fa announced his company’s intentions to establish Taiwan’s

first private international airline. The opportunity to create a major Taiwanese airline had just

arisen following a decision by the Taiwanese government to liberalise the country’s air

transportation system. Government requirements still mandated global experience and financial

capital requirements for any company seeking permission to initiate international airline

service from Taiwan. Upon recipient of regulatory approval, EVA

Airways Corporation was formally established in March 1989. The airline was originally

to be called Evergreen Airways, however this was deemed too similar to the unrelated Evergreen

International cargo airline. In October 1989, the newly formed EVA Airways Corporation placed

a US$3.6 billion order for 26 aircraft from Boeing and McDonnell Douglas, including Boeing

747-400 and MD-11 airliners. Operations began on 1 July 1991 with a small

fleet of EVA Air Boeing 767-300ER aircraft featuring business and economy class seating.

Initial destinations from Taipei were Bangkok, Seoul, Jakarta, Singapore, and Kuala Lumpur.

By the end of the year, the EVA Air network had expanded to include additional cities

in East Asia and its first European destination, Vienna. First year revenues reached US$40

In 1992, EVA Air received the first of its Boeing 747-400 aircraft on order, and launched

its premium economy class, "Economy Deluxe", on its 747 transpacific flights to Los Angeles,

beginning in December of that year. EVA Air's premium economy cabin, one of the first in

the airline industry, featured a wider 2-4-2 abreast configuration, legrests, individual

seatback video, and enhanced meal services. EVA Air's Economy Deluxe cabin proved popular

with the traveling public. For international services, EVA Air's 747s were configured with

104 premium economy seats as part of a 370-seat, four-class cabin, in addition to first, business

and economy classes. In 1993, EVA Air added flights to Seattle, New York, Bangkok and

By 1994, EVA Air was providing regular service to 22 destinations worldwide, and carrying

over 3 million passengers annually. In 1995, the airline posted its first profit on revenues

of US$1.05 billion, one year ahead of schedule. Internationally, EVA Air's rapid expansion

and increased passenger volume was boosted by its safety record, in contrast to its primary

competitor, China Airlines. In addition to receiving IOSA certification, EVA Air in 1997

achieved simultaneous official ISO 9002 certification in the areas of Passenger, Cargo, and Maintenance

Services. Dedicated EVA Air Cargo operations began in

April 1995, with the first weekly McDonnell Douglas MD-11 freighter flights to Taipei,

Singapore, Penang, San Francisco, New York, and Los Angeles. EVA Air Cargo's fleet was

expanded to five freighters by the end of the year. Previously, EVA Air Cargo operations

mainly relied on passenger aircraft cargo space.

In the mid–1990s, EVA Air expanded into the domestic Taiwan market by acquiring shares

in Makung International Airlines, followed by Great China Airlines and Taiwan Airways.

On 1 July 1998, all three carriers, as well as EVA's existing domestic operations, merged

under the UNI Air title. UNI Air became EVA Air's domestic intra-Taiwanese subsidiary,

operating shorthaul flights out of its base in Kaohsiung, Taiwan's southern port and second-largest

In 2000, EVA Air embarked on its first major long-haul fleet renewal. The airline became

one of the launch customers for the Boeing 777-300ER, ordering four aircraft plus eight

options. At the same time, the airline placed three orders for the Boeing 777-200LR. In

January 2001, EVA Air ordered its first Airbus aircraft, the A330-200. The Boeing 777 aircraft

were intended for United States and European services, while the Airbus A330 aircraft were

In 2001, EVA Air began listing public stock offerings on the Taiwan Stock Exchange. Initially,

one percent of the company's shares was offered over-the-counter, with one-quarter held by

parent company Evergreen Marine Corporation and EVA Air employees, respectively. In 2002,

EVA Air underwent internal corporate reforms, with staff reductions and streamlined management.

This culminated a process which had begun in 1997, when the Asian financial crisis began

affecting profitability. The 2002–2003 SARS contagion also affected passenger traffic

for medium-haul flights in Southeast Asia, while long-haul flights to North America,

Japan, and Europe were less affected. In 2004, EVA Air converted its remaining eight

options for Boeing 777-300ERs into firm orders. The first Boeing 777-300ER entered service

as EVA Air's new flagship aircraft in July 2005. With the arrival of its new Boeing 777s,

EVA Air launched a comprehensive revamp of its cabins, introducing lie-flat seats in

its new Premium Laurel business class cabin, and upgrading its premium economy product

to the new Elite Class cabin. The airline's A330s were introduced with two-class Premium

Laurel and Economy cabins. In December 2005, EVA Air and its associated divisions had 5,098

employees, and the airline's network spanned 40 passenger destinations worldwide, with

additional cargo destinations. Repositioning in the late 2000s

In 2007, EVA Air announced a nonstop Taipei to New York service, to be operated with its

new long-range Boeing 777-300ERs. At the same time, the airline withdrew passenger service

from Taipei to Paris. On 31 October 2008, EVA Air announced a resumption of Taipei to

Paris service with thrice-weekly passenger flights beginning 21 January 2009. In 2008,

the airline also announced the suspension of services to Auckland. The carrier also

prepared to increase direct flights to China, after initiating weekly charter flights in

July 2008 following changes to the Three Links travel agreements.

For the 2007–2008 period, EVA Air coped with a 34% surge in fuel prices, which contributed

to a US$61.2 million 2007 loss. In August 2008, EVA Air reported a second quarterly

loss due to increased fuel costs. In response, the airline implemented cost-saving measures,

including flight schedule reductions and fee increases. In early 2008, EVA Air's business

office in El Segundo, California, announced a major staff reduction, with over half the

staff advised that they would no longer be employed by May 2008. Functions performed

by those local staff were shifted to Taiwan by half, such as the reservation center.

EVA Air carried 6.2 million passengers in 2007, and employed 4,800 staff members as

of April 2008. The carrier returned to profitability in the first quarter of 2009, with a US$5.9

million net gain. In August 2010, EVA Air was named one of the top 10 international