It's going to be great.It's going to be easy, I think. Something that a lot of you have difficulty with in English

我覺得這堂課會既有趣又簡單。在學英文時，你們大多數的人都難以分辨

is nouns, verbs, adjectives, and all those other crazy, crazy things we have in English.

哪個字是名詞、動詞、形容詞、和其它的英文難題

I'm going to teach you two tricks that will help you, when you are trying to figure out

我將會教你們兩個訣竅來分辨

if a word is a verb or a noun, or when to use a verb. Is it a noun? Do what? So

動詞、名詞、和哪時候要用動詞。所以

today's lesson is the birth of a noun. You are going to take a verb, it's going to do some magical things,

今天的課程就是有關如何將一個動詞轉換成名詞。你先選擇一個動詞，然後用些小技巧

and by the end of the lesson it is going to become a noun, so birth of a noun.

而在課程結束的時候，這些單字都將會成為名詞，名詞的誕生！

How to change a verb to a noun, the first thing we are going to do is have a look at

怎麼將動詞轉為名詞呢？我們要做的第一件事情是：先看看有哪些

the verbs. We have the verb "employ, develop, move, judge, advertise, and establish."

動詞。黑板上有：「employ（運用）、develop（開發）、move（移動）、judge（評斷）、advertise（宣傳）、和 establish（建立）」

"Employ" do you know what that verb means? Have you heard that word, "employ, employ?" It means

你知道「Employ」是什麼意思嗎？你們聽過「employ」嗎？指的是

use or work.

運用或從事

The next one we have is "develop;" if you "develop" something it basically means you help to grow.

下一個是「develop」，如果你「develop」某件東西，指的是你幫助它有所發展

The next one is "move." I am moving my right hand, but not my left hand. That would cause much problem.

下一個是「move」，我在移動我的右手，不是我的左手，少了左手會很不方便

The next one is "judge." There's a noun of "judge" and also a verb of "judge." To

下一個是「judge」，「judge」可以是動詞或名詞。動詞「to

"judge" something means to give your opinion.

「judge」意思是給予評論

The next one is "advertise." The "s" and the "zed" the pronunciation is the same. Don't worry.

下一個是「advertise」，放心，這個「s」和「zed」發音一樣

"Advertise" means to tell something, usually you do it for money. You "advertise" something on a website,

「Advertise」意思是宣傳某件事情，通常和金錢有關，像是你會在網路「advertise（宣傳）」某事

or you advertise on TV to get a product, to make you money.

或者你會在電視上宣傳一個產品，賺錢

The next one is "establish, establish means to make something. So, what we're going to do,

下一個是「establish」，establish意思是創建某事。之後，我們要做

two tricks. The first trick is we're going to take these verbs, and we are going to add

兩個訣竅。第一個訣竅是：這將會是我們要用到的動詞，而我們要加上

four letters to make it a noun. The letters are "m-e-n-t."

四個單字「m-e-n-t」讓它們轉為名詞

So we have the verb "employ." The noun changes to "employment." Did you just say mint and not m-e-n-t?

所以，第一個動詞是「employ」，而名詞則為「employment」。你們剛剛是說mint而不是m-e-n-t嗎？

I did, English pronunciation is difficult. In English we don't say employment,

我就是。英文發音很難！英文母語者不會說employm-e-n-t

we actually say it like this word, "m-i-n-t." Like a breath mint. So all of these words

實際上我們會發成「m-i-n-t」，就是薄荷糖（mint的發音）。所以這些全部的字

you must spell with "m-e-n-t," but your pronunciation is going to be "m-i-n-t," like "mint, employment."

都是要加上「m-e-n-t」，但發音則是「m-i-n-t」，像是「mint、employm-i-n-t」

The next one we have is a "development." "Employment" means job. "Development," we use it to mean

下一個是「developm-i-n-t」。「Employment」指的是職業。而「development」我們用來指

an area that has been "developed." You could use it to say it's a building; this is a "development" of this country, or a building of a company.

一個被「開發」的領域，可以是建築物；像是一個「開發中」的國家、或是一家公司的建築

"Move," we have the noun of movement. "Move, move," not "move, move," do you know why I got distracted?

「Move」的名詞則為movement，「Move、move」不是「move、move」，你們知道為什麼我會這麼說？

Because, I was thinking of a Bob Marley song that's called "A Movement of the People,"

因為我想到Bob Marley的一首歌，叫做「A Movement of the People（人群運動）」

"movement of the people." If anyone is a Bob Marley fan out there.

「movement of the people」。有沒有人是Bob Marley的粉絲

"Movement" of people is a good way to remember what this word means. "Movement" basically

人群「Movement」，可以幫助你記得這個字。基本上「Movement」

means a group of people who try and change something in society, so a "movement" is a

指的是人群團結試著要改變社會上的某件事情，所以一個「movement」指的是

group of people.

一群人

The next one is "judge, judgment." It means the same, the noun, and the verb. You give

下一個「judge」，而名詞是「judgement」，名詞和動詞的意思一樣。你

your opinion of something. "Advertisement," an "advertisement" you will see on the subway.

評斷某件事情。你在地下鐵可以看到「Advertisement（廣告）」

You will see everywhere you go, everywhere you look. In the world,

你可以在任何角落都看得到廣告。在這世界上

people are trying to sell you something in an "advertisement." We usually shorten the word, and just call

商人透過「advertisement」，賺你的錢。我們通常會簡稱這個字

it an "ad."

為「ad」

Next one is "establish," changes to "establishment." For some reason I don't like the word "establishment."

下一個「establish」的名詞是「establishment」。不知道為什麼，我不喜歡「establishment」這個字

"Establishment" means something that has been "established." We usually use it in the form

「Establishment」意思是某件已經被建立好的事。通常我們會在

of government or politics; it can also mean a place like a restaurant. I like restaurants.

政府或是政治聽到這個字；也可以指一個地方，像是餐廳。我喜歡餐廳

The next trick, trick number one is you take the verb you change it to a noun using "m-e-n-t"

下一個訣竅是。第一個訣竅是，你選擇一個動詞，然後加上「m-e-n-t」則會轉為名詞

or "m-i-n-t" "employment." Fast word. The next one is this word, "act."

或者「m-i-n-t」像是「employm-i-n-t」，唸快一點。下一個字是「act（akt）」

The other way to make a verb into a noun is to add "i-o-n." So when you look at this word,

下一個將動詞轉為名詞的方式是：加上「i-o-n」。所以當你看到這個字時

it looks like "act on, act-i-on. No, once again English pronunciation is very strange,

「act on、act-i-on」，發音都不對，英文發音規則很難以理解的！

and it's actually said "action" or "ac-sh-in" So, I would say this word action. Some people

實際上這個字是「action」或是「ak-shen」。所以，這個字就是action。一些人

might say "action," but that would be a French-Canadian accent, so that would be wrong.

可能會說「action」，這是比較法語加拿大人的口音，可能會比較不標準

So you say "action."

所以，你要說「action」

The next one, "inspire." Do you know what inspire means? It's a verb. It means to influence someone usually in a positive way.

下一個「inspire」，你們知道inspire的意思嗎？是動詞，意思是給予某人一個正面的靈感

So, maybe you have a teacher or someone in your life that

那個人可能會是你的老師或是任何在你生活中的人

"inspires you." It means you look at them and go, "Wow that person's cool. I want to

「inspires you（鼓舞你）」。意思是你看到他們的行動，而會說：「挖屋！那個人太猛了，我想要

be like that person." So "inspire" as a noun will change to inspiration.

像那個人一樣」。所以，「inspire」的名詞是inspiration

This one we have to change a little bit, but we are still adding the "i-o-n" at the end of the verb,

這一個字的名詞和動詞有點不一樣，但我們仍然是在動詞後面加上「i-o-n」

so "inspire" changed to "inspiration." The next word is "protect." "Protect" means

所以，「inspire」名詞則是「inspiration」。下一個字是「protect」，意思是

you guard or care for something. To change this you are going to add the "i-o-n" and

你在乎某件事，而護衛著它。這個字的名詞是加上「i-o-n」

it's going to become "protection - protect-shin."

則會轉變為「protection - 發音則是pruh-tek-shen」

And I think I'm going to save the best for last here. "Destroy," so you look at this

最後一個，也最特別的「Destroy」，所以你看到上面這些

and you go "act/ action, inspire/ inspiration, protect/ protection, destroy/ destroy- ion?"

你會說「act/action、inspire/inspiration、protect/protection、destroy/destroy - ion對嗎？」

Destroy- ion, not a word. What are you doing? "Destroy-ion" is not a word. For some reason

Destroy - ion 不是一個單字，你們在想什麼？「Destroy - ion」不是一個單字。不知為什麼

we want to change this word into a noun, we use a different verb.

我們用另一個動詞，而這個字則為名詞，

We are going to take the word "destroy" as a noun, and we change it to

這個字「destroy」是名詞，我們要將它變為

..."destruction." The verb changes a little bit. The spelling changes the meaning is the same, to "destroy"

‧‧‧「destruction」，這個字的動詞和名詞也有點不同。念法不同但是意思仍一樣，to 「destroy」

something means to completely ruin it, so it's no longer there, and then we have the noun "destruction."

指的是某件事情完全被毀掉，所以再也不存在，而這個字的名詞是「destruction」

If you would like some more "instruction" go to www.engvid.com. Bye.

如果你們還想要「instruction（指導）」，歡迎來到www.engvid.com，拜