Hey everyone, Julia here for DNews. Health class get super awkward in high school.

嗨,各位安安,DNews的Julia來也,健康課程在高中總是超級尷尬的

Where they talk about sex and stuff. But A 2011 Centers

在那裡他們討論跟性有關的事,但是一份2011年

for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) survey indicates that more than 47 percent of all

疾病控制與預防中心(CDC)調查報告指出,超過47%的

high school students say they’ve had sex. So sex ed isn’t going away anytime soon.

高中生說,他們已經有過性經驗,所以性教育短時間內不會消失不見

In fact, it’s actually a good thing.

事實上,性教育是件好事

One study published in the Journal of Adolescent Health found that students who have any kind

一份在青少年健康期刊上刊登的研究發現，學子們曾經受過任何形式的

of sex ed wait longer to have sex, and when they do, they are more likely to use contraception.

性教育,將會較晚才有性經驗,而當他們要做那件事時,他們較有可能使用避孕的方式做

So people want it. One poll by NPR, and the Kaiser Family Foundation,

所以人們需要性教育, 一份民調由全國公共廣播電台和凱瑟家庭基金會,

Harvard's Kennedy School of Government found that 93 percent of Americans agree that

約翰.F.甘迺迪政府學院舉辦,發現93%美國人同意

sex education should be taught in schools.

應該在學校教導性教育

But there’s a debate on what kind of sex ed is best. Currently federal funding goes

但,有些討論談到,甚麼類型的性教育才是最好的,目前聯邦政府補助的

towards two main types of programs. The vast majority of federal funding for sex ed programs,

計畫主要有兩種,大部分的聯邦補助的性教育計畫

go towards what is called abstinence only programs. These programs teach that the only

是所謂的禁慾計畫,這計畫教導唯一安全的

safe sex is not having it and emphasize that waiting till marriage is the best way. When they

性行為就是不要有性行為,並強調直到結婚再有性行為才是最好的,當他們

do mention contraception, it’s typically to show how often it fails. This type of sex ed grew

談到避孕方法,只是照舊地告訴他們,使用避孕方式來避孕常常失敗,這類型性教育計畫

in popularity throughout the early 2000s. Funding for abstinence-only programs

在2000年代受到歡迎,補助禁慾計畫資金從

increased from $9 million in 1997 to $176 million in 2007.

1997年的9百萬美元增加到2007年1億7千6百萬美元

But more recently, in 2010, funding was also put towards what’s called “comprehensive”

但最近,2010年,補助也轉向所謂的"全面式"

sex ed. This can also emphasize waiting to have sex, but it also talks about how to keep

性教育,這計畫強調等到適當時候,再體驗性經驗,但這計畫也談論到你該如何

yourself safe. Like how to use a condom, what birth control options are out there.

保護你自己,像是如何使用保險套,有甚麼樣的控制生育方式

That kind of thing. Who gets what sex ed, is really left up to the states.

諸如此類的,誰會獲得甚麼形式的性教育,這決定在政府

And there it get super confusing. Only 22 states

且超級令人困惑,只有22個州

mandate any kind of sex education, 18 states and the District of Columbia require that

政府要求有性教育，不論其形式為何,有18個州和哥倫比亞特區要求

information on contraception be provided. 37 states require that information on abstinence

應該要提供避孕的資訊,37個州要求禁慾的資訊

be provided. And even fewer—13—require that instruction be medically accurate.

應該要提供,而少之又少的,13個州要求性教育的教導,應要達到醫學般精確

So which works better? How do we define better?

所以哪個運作方式較好,我們如何定義較好,

A successful sex ed program might be defined as one that lowers pregnancy and STI rates.

一個成功的性教育計畫也許可以被定義為一個可以降低懷孕率與性傳播感染率的計畫

So a look at the literature on abstinence only programs finds some misunderstandings.

一份文獻關於禁慾計畫,發現了一些誤解

One study from researchers at the University of Washington found that “abstinence”

一份來自華盛頓大學的學者研究報告指出,"禁慾"

meant different things to adults than it meant to the students. The intent of the abstinence

對成人與學子們來說是不同的事,禁慾計畫原本意圖

programs was to set up a dichotomy with any kind of sexual activity on one hand and total

去建立二分法,一是任何形式的性行為,另一種是

abstinence on the other. For kids, the lines got a little blurrier. The researchers said

完全的禁慾,對孩子們來說,這界限有點模糊,研究人員表示

that students were on an escalator. “the first step is abstinence. Then as they begin

學子們如同在電扶梯上,"第一步是禁慾,然後當他們開始

to be aware of sex, there are other steps and choices to be made that eventually lead

意識到性,有其他的選擇和方式可以抉擇,而最終引領他們

to having intercourse.”

有性行為"

So it’s not surprising that one review by the US Department of Health and Human Services

這並不令人驚訝,一份來自美國健康與公眾服務部的考察,

found that none of the individual abstinence programs they reviewed had statistically significant

發現從數據上來看,沒有有任何一個禁慾計畫

impacts on the rate of sexual abstinence. So basically teens were having sex whether

對禁慾率有極大的影響,所以,基本上,年輕人有性經驗,不論

or not they were taught abstinence.

他們是否有被教導禁慾

At the same time, teens are having sex, they aren’t using protection. One study by Columbia

同時,青少年有性經驗,他們不使用保護措施,一份哥倫比亞

University's Mailman School of Public Health found that from 2003-2007 contraception use

大學梅爾曼公共衛生學院,發現自2003年到2007年,避孕方法的使用次數

declined. The researchers think it might be the result of abstinence only programs which

減少,研究人員認為也許是因為禁慾計畫

don’t mention contraception unless it’s to talk about how often it fails.

沒提到避孕方式,而是提到避孕方法經常失敗

So teens have sex, without protection, and with sex sometimes comes serious consequences.

所以青少年有性經驗,卻沒有保護,而性行為有時帶來嚴重的後果

One study in PLOS One found a link between abstinence-only programs and teen pregnancy.

一份在PLOS One的研究發現,禁慾計畫與青少年的懷孕率有某種連結

Basically, states that emphasized abstinence only policies had a higher teen pregnancy rate.

基本上,政府著重的禁慾計畫,提高了青少年的懷孕率

The researchers concluded that comprehensive sex ed or STI education that includes

研究人員總結,全面式性教育或性傳染病教育,包含

abstinence as the best way to go was correlated with the lowest teen pregnancy rates.

禁慾是最好的方法且與降低青少年懷孕率有關

And a lot of other developed nations provide comprehensive sex ed and have low rates of

有很多已開發國家提供全面式性教育,並有較低的

teen pregnancy. To learn more about how other countries teach sex to their teenagers, check

青少年懷孕率,為了學習更多關於其他國家如何教導他們的青少年,請觀看

out this great video from TestTube.

在TestTube上,這部很棒的影片

Europe's low teens birth rate has been partially attributed to progressive sexual education.

歐洲的青少年的低懷孕率,部分原因已被歸因於進步的性教育

one researcher found that in Netherlands parents and teachers focus less on

一位研究人員發現,在荷蘭,父母與老師較少專注在

the "dangers of sex" and more on the normal positive aspects.

"性行為的危險",而是較多專注在一般性行為的正向面。

Alright so the question is, what was your sex ed class like?

那麼,我們的疑問是,你的性教育課是如何上課的?

Tell us your story down in the comments below

在下方留言區告訴我們你的故事

Hit those like and subscribe buttons so you don’t miss a single episode of DNews.

按下喜歡和訂閱按鈕,這樣你才不會錯過任何DNews的影片