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  • Do you have to make a speech or do a presentation? Are you nervous? Do you need some help?

    你有要發表演講嗎?又或者報告?你會緊張嗎?你需不需要幫忙?

  • I can help you. Hello. My name is Ronnie.

    我可以幫你。你好,我是Ronnie。

  • I'm going to teach you a couple of tips and a couple of ways to help you when you have to do a scary presentation or speech.

    我要教你幾個小撇步和方式,幫助你面對令人害怕的演講和報告。

  • When I was younger -- when I was really young, I had to do speeches every year in elementary school

    當我還非常年輕,還在就讀國小時,每一年我都要發表演講。

  • and high school, maybe, I don't remember. I don't remember high school, okay? I do remember, specifically,

    或許高中也有,但我不記得了,我只記得

  • in elementary school, every year, we had to do speeches. Guess what, ladies and gentlemen.

    在國小的每一年,我們都要演講。你知道嗎?小姐,先生們,

  • You are looking at the grade 3 speech champion of Memorial school.

    站在你們面前的是紀念中學三年級裡的演講冠軍。

  • Thank you. Thank you. Look what I am today.

    謝謝,看看我現在有多厲害。

  • So when I was in grade 3, I made the best speech in my class. I went on to

    所以在我三年級時,我的演講是在班上最好的。我曾在

  • do the speech in the auditorium or the gymnasium. I won first place. Oh, yeah. I won a book.

    禮堂和體育館演講過。我贏得冠軍。哦耶,獎品是一本書。

  • I don't like books. I was like, "I got a book. Thanks." I was eight years old. I wrote a speech.

    但我不喜歡書。所以領獎時我心想:「喔,獎品只是一本書,謝謝。」我八歲就自己寫稿。

  • I delivered the speech, and I won. I'm going to teach you what I know. This isn't a fool proof way,

    發表演講並贏得比賽。所以現在我要來教你們一些訣竅。雖然沒有經過驗證,

  • but this is how I to it. And maybe, this will work for you.

    不過這就是我獲勝的方法,或許這些會對你們有幫助。

  • How to make a speech or presentation. And, speeches and presentation are, of course, different.

    要怎麼發表一篇演講和報告。當然,演講和報告是不同的。

  • Speeches are more what you want to tell people about an interesting topic.

    演講較像是你呈現給大家一件有趣的主題。

  • And presentations are usually more work-based. But sometimes, they overlap. Sometimes, in schools, you have

    而報告通常是與工作相關。但有時候,他們是有相同點。有時,在學校,你

  • to do a speech, and also you will probably have to make a presentation about maybe a boring topic that the teacher gives you

    要準備演講,你大概也會接觸到老師訂定的無聊主題,

  • like World War II. How mundane.

    像是第二次世界大戰。多無聊阿。

  • So the very first thing that I'm going to tell you about is how to actually form or make a

    所以第一件事情,我要跟你講的是,你要如何呈現出一篇

  • decent speech. Sometimes, this is unavoidable. But maybe, if you can, choose a good or interesting topic.

    像樣的演講。有時你是沒辦法選主題的。但如果說,你可以選擇一個較好又有趣的主題。

  • When I say interesting or good, the only person that needs to think this is interesting is you -- me -- you.

    我所謂有趣的事情,是你自己也要覺得有趣的。

  • If you have a wide-open topic, for example, your history teacher goes, "World War II."

    如果是一個範圍大的主題,例如,你的歷史老師指定"第二次世界大戰"為主題。

  • You go, "oh, god. Okay. Well, I know the history of World War II and the

    你會說"喔",我的天啊,恩,很好,我知道第二次世界大戰的歷史,

  • terrible Hitler, and all this stuff went down." So what you're going to do is you're going

    残酷的希特勒,和這件歷史的結果。"所以,你要做的是

  • to try to choose a different angle, a different topic or a different way to present the information

    以不同的角度,不同的論點,或是不同的方式,來呈現這件歷史事件

  • that no one's heard about before.

    鮮少人知的一面。

  • So if you have the opportunity to choose your own topic and the teacher doesn't give it to you, wide-open spaces.

    所以如果你有機會決定自己的主題時,或者老師給你一個大範圍的主題,讓你自己想時,

  • Choose what you like. What's your hobby? What's your passion?

    想一個你有興趣的。你有什麼嗜好?你熱愛什麼?

  • What do you like to talk about? Choose that -- bam. Make a really interesting presentation or speech.

    你喜歡講些什麼?往這些方面想,砰!你就可以發表一篇非常有趣的報告或是演講。

  • If you're excited about topic, then the other people will also feel your enthusiasm or feel your excitement,

    如果你非常熱衷投入在你的論點中,其他人也能有所感受到,那股熱情又激昂的情緒,

  • and it will be a good speech or presentation. So one, choose a good or interesting topic, if you can.

    這樣就會是一個很好的演講和報告。所以第一點,如果你可以自己定主題的話,定一個你有興趣的。

  • No. 2, this is really important. If you are given a topic, I know it might be boring.

    第二點,這點非常重要。如果是一個指定的題目,我知道那可能會是很無聊的題目。

  • Know your topic, or know your content. Nowadays, you can just go on the web, the good old website -- the Internet --

    要了解你的主題,或了解你的內容。現今,你可以從網路得到很多訊息,一個很好的老方法"網路"。

  • and you can blob the information off of Wikipedia or off of any kind of web page that you want,

    你可以擷取維基百科上的資料,或者是你想要的任何網頁內容。

  • throw together the speech, stand up in front of everyone staring at you,

    把資料統整為一個講稿,然後站在每個人可以看到你的地方演講。

  • yabber, yabber, yabber, jabber, jabber jabber. Then, at the end of it -- thank god it's over

    一直不停地唸出你整理的資料。接著,最後,哦,感謝上帝,終於結束了。

  • -- someone's going to ask you a question. "Oh, god. I don't know the answer" -- because

    這時如果有人問你一個問題。你心想 "哦,天啊,我不知道如何回答。" 因為

  • you didn't research it. You just copied and pasted off the Internet.

    你沒有仔細細讀你查到的資料。你只是把資料從網路上複製和貼上而已。

  • You can do that, whisk through it, ask a question, "I don't know." Speech is done.

    你可以快速的把你的演講結束掉,被問問題時,回答"我不知道",然後就可以結束了。

  • But if you have to do this for work, if your boss gives you a presentation or a speech to do for work,

    但如果這是有關你的工作,像是你的老闆要你做一個報告或演講。

  • this is really important. Know your stuff. Know, maybe, what the people are going to ask you.

    這就非常重要的。要了解你的東西。或許,也要知道別人可能會問你的問題。

  • Think of questions you would ask someone giving the same speech. As long as you know the information,

    想像如果是你在聽這個演講,你可能會問的問題。所以只要你有足夠的準備,

  • your confidence is going to go like this. Your nervousness or your anxiety is going to go like this.

    你的自信就會像這樣---往上升。而你緊張和焦慮感覺就像這樣的往下掉。

  • If you're confident, you know the topic, you know in and out everything about it, you're going to be the expert on it,

    一旦你有自信,對於主題的內容又瞭若指掌,那麼你就能在其中游刃自如。

  • and it's going to rock. Okay?

    這樣你的演講會讚到不行,清楚嗎?

  • Next one. Know your audience. Who are you talking to? Are you going to be speaking to people from other countries?

    接下來,知道你的觀眾。你的觀眾是誰?你的觀眾是來自哪些國家?

  • Does everyone know and understand your language? Or are

    所有觀眾是否都能了解你的語言? 或者

  • some people from different countries and have a hard time knowing your language or don't really know.

    有一些來自不同國家的人無法了解你的語言,

  • Or you have to make a presentation in English, and English is not your first language.

    又或者你要做英文報告,而英文不是你的母語。

  • Cool. Don't worry about it. Relax. Take your time. But know who you're talking to.

    沒關係。別擔心這個。放輕鬆。慢慢來。但是要知道誰是你的觀眾。

  • If you have to do a speech to people who are children, you have to use vocabulary and language that the children know.

    如果你是要對小孩們演講,你就必須要用適合小孩的字眼。

  • You also have to talk to them in a way where they understand and respect you.

    你也必須要和他們對話,讓他們理解你、尊重你。

  • If you're doing a business presentation and it has to be really, really formal, so do you.

    而如果你有個正式的商業報告,理所當然的你要非常非常的正式。

  • You have to know what you want the people to get out of it, and you have to know who the people are.

    你想要讓你的觀眾了解到什麼。你也要知道誰是你的觀眾。

  • Really important.

    這是非常重要的。

  • Next one. Just to make it more interesting, just so nobody falls asleep, starts drooling,

    接下來,就要把你的觀點有趣的呈現出來,這樣才不會有人睡著、流口水,

  • use, if you can, props. So "props" are things like -- oh, I don't know -- some paper towel.

    如果你可以用道具。道具就像是....恩,我不知道,像是紙巾

  • Or a lot of the times when you're doing presentations, you have a beautiful computer. Use some slides.

    或在大多的時間裡,當你要報告時,旁邊會有一台漂亮的電腦。你可以用投影片呈現你的觀點。

  • Use some pictures. Anything to hold the person's interest during the speech or during the presentation.

    用一些圖片。在演講或報告中,任何東西都是可以用來吸引觀眾的。

  • If there is one person just talking, guess what? I'm going to turn off. I'm going to

    如果就只有一個人一直在講話,猜猜看會怎樣?我會關掉它。我會覺得

  • be so bored, and I'm not going to listen anymore. Try and make the content with pictures or slides or props or something.

    很無聊,不會再繼續聽下去。嘗試在你的內容中加入一些圖片、用投影片、道具,或其它東西。

  • Something to make it different from other people.

    一些可以讓你的報告更為顯眼。

  • Next one. Do you like making presentations? No? What about speeches? Do you like speeches?

    接下來。你喜歡做報告嗎?不喜歡?那演講呢?你喜歡演講嗎?

  • No? Okay. One way to maybe start a speech or start a presentation, grab the audience's attention --

    也不喜歡?好。有個方式,可以在一開始的演講和報告就吸引到觀眾的注意,

  • don't grab the audience; grab their attention -- is to start your speech or start your presentation with a question.

    不要抓住觀眾的心,而是要去引起他們的注意,就是以問題來作開場。

  • It's kind of an old technique, but it works every time.

    這是滿老套的方式,但卻滿管用的。

  • Instead of going up to the front and going, "Today, I'm going to talk about elephants."

    而非站在上台時,就平白的說"今天,我要談大象。"

  • You're going to go, "Hey! Do you like elephants? Have you ever ridden on an elephants?

    你要大膽的說: "嘿!你們喜歡大象嗎?那你們有騎過大象嗎?

  • No? Go ride an elephant." If you grab the audience's attention at first, the

    沒有?那趕快去騎騎看。" 如果一開始觀眾就被你吸引了,

  • more people are going to like it, they're going to listen to it, and it's just going to be more fun.

    那會有更多人喜歡你的演講,他們會專心的聽,而你的演講會因此變得更有趣。

  • Problem.

    但是有個問題。

  • You've written this amazing speech. Okay? You've got a great topic. You know all the information.

    你已經準備好完美的講稿。你有一個非常好的主題。有關的訊息你都非常了解。

  • Someone's going to ask you a question; you've got the answer. You know the people.

    有人可能會問你問題,你已經想好答案。你了解你的觀眾。

  • You've got some slides. You've got some props. You've got it. Awesome. But

    你有投影片。你也準備一些道具。你全都準備好了。非常好。但是

  • oh, my god, you are so nervous. Okay? You're anxious. You can't sleep the night before.

    喔,我的天啊,你非常緊張。你很焦慮。你前一晚沒辦法睡。

  • During the presentation, before the presentation, you're really nervous. You're shaking. That's normal.

    在報告期間,或者在報告之前,你很緊張。你會發抖。這是非常正常的。

  • Don't worry. The more presentations you make, the more speeches you do, this nervousness

    不要擔心。你的簡報及講稿做得越多,這樣的緊張

  • and this anxiety will hopefully lessen, go away, dissipate. I remember the very first

    和焦慮感就會慢慢降低、或消失。我記得第一次

  • time that I got to be a teacher. When I was teaching before, I was in a tiny classroom, four people.

    當上老師時。我曾在小間教室,教導過四個學生。

  • And I'll never forget the time I walked into a classroom and everyone was staring at me.

    那次讓我十分難忘,當我走進教室時,每個人都盯著我看。

  • Was I nervous? Oh, yeah. Was I anxious? Not really -- because I knew my stuff.

    當時的我緊張嗎?哦,當然,當時的我焦慮嗎?不全然,因為我知道我要教的東西。

  • I know what these people want. I know what they need. I know what I have to give them.

    我知道這些人想要學到什麼。我知道他們需要什麼。我知道我要教的東西。

  • So you are nervous? That's cool. Tips to combat nervousness. Don't drink a lot of coffee.

    所以你緊張嗎? 那沒關係。小撇步去戰勝你的緊張。不要喝太多咖啡。

  • If you drink a lot of coffee before the presentation, you're going to be moving. The coffee's going to make you seem nervous.

    如果在你報告之前,喝太多咖啡,你的情緒會有所動搖。咖啡似乎會使你緊張。

  • Maybe you're calm, but the coffee gets your body moving more.

    或許你是冷靜的,但是咖啡會讓你的情緒更為動搖。

  • People have always said, when you're making a speech or a presentation, do not move around too much.

    大家也都會說,你發表演講或是報告時,不要一直走動。

  • I disagree. I remember I was making a presentation in high school, and I stood -- strange.

    但我不同意。我記得當我在高中發表報告時,我沒站得端正。

  • I stood in a strange position, and I stood on my foot, and I fell over.

    我站不端正,我一隻腳踩在我另一隻腳上,然後我跌倒了。

  • It was hilarious. I fell. I almost hit my head on the board. The whole class was like,

    那是非常好笑的。因為我跌倒。我的頭差點就要撞到白板。整個教室的人都問:

  • "Are you okay?" I thought it was funny. Who got extra marks? Me. Because I was able to laugh at it and continue going.

    "你還好嗎?" 我當時覺得非常好笑。但誰得到額外分數?我! 因為我能一笑置之,然後繼續我的報告。

  • Bad things might happen. You might fall over. But if you deliver a speech like this and are a statue and don't move,

    壞事可能會發生。你可能會跌倒。但是如果你發表演講時,站得直挺挺的,像個雕像不動。

  • it's boring. Body movement is essential when you're making a speech.

    那會是無聊的。你發表演講時,身體的帶動是需要的。

  • You want the person to look at you. You want to make sure that they're not sleeping.

    你想要別人注意你。你想要確定他們沒有睡著。

  • You want to move around. Okay?

    你就要四處走動。清楚嗎?

  • Also, it hides your nervousness. The reason why I was doing this when I was in class was because I was nervous

    除此之外,這樣身體的移動也可以遮掩你的緊張。之前在高中演講,因為我緊張,所以我會在演講做一些動作,

  • and I was playing with my feet, and I fell.

    像是玩弄我的腳,這就是為什麼我會在演講中跌倒。

  • I do a little dance if I'm nervous. I listen to music before I do my presentation so that I'm not as nervous.

    如果我緊張時,我會跳舞。在做報告之前,我會聽音樂放鬆我自己。

  • I think about a song, and I play it.

    我會想著一首歌,然後聽著它。

  • The only concrete way that I can tell you to really, really, really stop your nervousness is to practice.

    我可以告訴你一個非常有用的方式來消除你的緊張,就是練習。

  • You've got this beautiful speech, but you don't know it; you have not remembered it.

    你準備了一個完美的講稿。但你不知道,你有沒有記得你的內容。

  • It's impossible to memorize everything. But the more you practice your speech,

    要記住所有東西是不太可能的。但隨著練習講稿的次數越多,

  • the more comfortable you're going to be presenting it to other people.

    你能更自然地呈現你的觀點給其他人。

  • If you go up to the front and you read off a piece of paper, your voice is going to be like a robot.

    但如果你站在所有人前面,照著稿唸,你的聲音會像是個機器人。

  • It's going to be terrible. So you need to practice it so you can remember quite a lot of it.

    這會是很糟的。所以你必須要練習,你就可以記得大部分的講稿。

  • The more you practice, the more you know, the more comfortable you become with yourself saying it.

    你練習越多次,你會記得更多,你也能以更自然的方式來呈現你的觀點。

  • And because you know your topic, because you know your audience,

    因為你了解你的主題,又知道你的觀眾,

  • because you've practiced your speech, nothing can go wrong. Maybe you forget a word.

    也已經練習了講稿,一切都沒有出錯。你可能會忘記一個字。

  • That's cool. You keep on going because you've practiced it.

    那沒關係。你能繼續接下去,因為你有足夠的練習。

  • When it comes the time to make the speech, please speak loud enough so that everyone can hear you.

    演講時,講大聲一點,這樣大家才可以聽到。

  • And please speak clearly. When you're speaking to people, you have to slow down.

    也要講得仔細。另外,你跟人談話時,你必須要減慢。

  • One problem I have when I'm nervous is I talk really quickly and I mumble, which means I don't say the words clearly.

    我自己會有個問題,就是當我緊張時,我講話會變得很快,然後我會喃喃自語,沒辦法清楚地呈現我的觀點。

  • That's the nervous factor. Usually, when I start,

    這就是緊張的後果。通常,我開始演講時,

  • I talk really, really fast. But by the end of it, you pace yourself, and your speech becomes clearer.

    我都會講得非常快。而到最後時,你會調整你自己,而你的演講會變得更清楚。

  • That's natural; that's cool. But try and concentrate on having a loud voice and saying the words clearly.

    這是人的天性,沒關係。但試著大聲又清楚的呈現你的觀點。

  • This is really important (make eye contact). If someone was giving you a presentation or a speech and they stared

    這是很重要的(眼神交流)。如果有人要發表報告或演講,他們

  • directly at one person -- let's say the one person was you -- how would you feel?

    直接盯著一個人(就在你面前的話),你會有什麼感覺?

  • I'd feel nervous. So when you're making a speech or presentation, it's really important to maintain eye contact --

    如果是我,我會緊張。所以當你發表演講和報告時,不要忘記保持與觀眾之間的眼神交流。

  • not with one person, not with the floor, not with your paper, with everyone.

    不是只是看一個人,也不是只盯著地板,更不是盯著你的小抄,而是與每個人有所眼神交流。

  • Really, really important to look at every single person that you're talking to.

    和每個在場的觀眾,有眼神的交流是非常的重要。

  • Do a little room sweep. Go, "Hey, Bob. Yeah. What's up?" Pretend that you're individually looking at all the people.

    看看四周的人。可以說"嘿,Bob,耶,過得如何?" 假裝你有與每個人都對到眼。

  • Don't stare at one person. That's weird. Don't stare at two people.

    不要只瞪著一個人。那很奇怪。也不要只瞪著兩個人。

  • It's like you're playing ping-pong. Are you guys playing ping-pong? Don't do that.

    這樣就像你在玩乒乓球。你們倆是在玩乒乓球嗎? 不要這麼做。

  • That's strange. Don't stare straight ahead. Don't stare at the ceiling. Look at the people.

    很詭異的。不要直接瞪著一個人。不要直視著天花板。看看底下的觀眾。

  • Look at their eyes. Okay? Look at the people's eyes. Make sure they're looking at you.

    與他們的眼神有所交集。好嗎? 看他們的眼睛。確定他們也在看著你。

  • If someone's sleeping or someone's not paying attention to you, if you look at them, they're like,

    如果有人在睡覺或沒注意你時,你看著他們,他們會像是

  • "Oh, hey. Yeah." Very important, eye contact.

    "哦,嘿,對。" 恩,眼神的交流是很重要的。

  • Sometimes, like I said, you've got your speech. You're nervous. You've practiced. You've practiced.

    但有時,像我剛說的,你已經準備好你的講稿。你會緊張。你已經練習再練習。

  • But of course, you think, "Oh, my god. What if I forget or blank out or -- I just can't do it. What am I going to do?"

    但你當然會想著"喔,我的天啊,如果演講到一半,我分心或忘記講稿,我就不能完成它,那我要怎麼辦?"

  • Well, solution -- cue cards. Cue cards are little pieces of paper

    恩,解決方法是,提示卡,提示卡就是小小的紙張

  • or cardboard that you write down your main points of your presentation or your speech.

    或硬纸張,你可以寫下你報告或演講的重點。

  • So you do not want to read or write down all of the speech because you're like

    但是你不應該寫下所有的講稿,像是

  • this, "Yesterday, I saw a really cool elephant. It was -- it was -- gray. It was gray."

    "昨天,我看到一隻非常不錯的大象,它...它...是灰色的,它是灰色的。"

  • If you write down all the speech, your eyes have to read it really quickly and it stops the flow of your speech.

    如果你寫下這整個講稿,你的眼睛就要看得非常得快,而你的演講就會被中斷。

  • So write down the main points of the cue cards.

    所以在提示卡上,只寫下重點。

  • Maybe on one cue card, you could have the main point and three points to help you.

    像在一張提示卡上,你可以看到一個重點或三個要點提醒你。

  • So maybe you're reading something or you're speaking, and you forget something. That's cool.

    所以可能當你在讀某一部分,或講的時候,你忘記了某一個部分。那沒關係。

  • "Oh, yeah. That part." Okay? And say to the people -- just say, "Hold on. Good."

    你可以馬上在提示卡上發現"哦,對,那部分," 然後對觀眾說"等一下,好。"

  • There's no problem forgetting something, but if there's a long silence or you're awkward about it, there's a problem.

    忘記講稿不是問題,但如果你停頓的非常久,你又表現的不自然。那就是個問題。

  • Apologize. Look it up. Everyone's cool. Don't worry about it.

    說聲道歉。瞄一下提示卡。大家都能接受的。不要擔心。

  • So during your presentation, make eye contact; speak loudly; speak clearly; try and remember

    所以在你呈現簡報的時候,與觀眾眼神交流、大聲的說、清楚表達、試著記住

  • your speech. Practice, practice, practice. It's going to reduce your nervousness and your anxiety.

    你的講稿。練習、練習、再練習。這會減低你的緊張和焦慮。

  • Before you make the speech, make sure it's pretty interesting.

    在你演講之前,確定你的演講是有趣的。

  • To help you more with this, there's a really, really cool website called www.PresentationPrep.com.

    為了能幫助你了解更多的內容,有一個很棒的網站叫www.PresentationPrep.com,

  • If you're finding that you have to do a lot of presentations for work or for school or for anything,

    如果你有很多的報告要準備,無論是在工作、學校抑或其他方面的。