Name: TED-Ed】言語行為。構成性和表演性--科琳-格倫尼-博格斯。 (【TED-Ed】Speech acts: Constative and performative - Colleen Glenney Boggs)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T05:22:27.000Z
Duration: 3 min 58 s

a big, red "No Running" sign at a public pool?

游泳池旁「請勿奔跑」的告示牌嗎?

the pace on the deck reflects this statement.

但那是由於告示牌要他們不要跑

So, is this sign portraying the pool's environment,

這告示牌是在形容游泳池的環境

The difference between a statement that describes

is an idea developed by British linguist J. L. Austin.

是由英國語言學家 約翰・奧斯丁 (J. L. Austin) 所提出的

that describe something as true or false,

換句話說，敘言代表「是」什麼

To help us distinguish these two parts of speech,

After checking with a friendly park official

with a newspaper, and the headline reads,

However, the sky is cloudy and it feels quite chilly.

但天空卻是多雲的，氣候是涼爽的

at the blue trash bin that says, "Recycle."

藍色的垃圾筒上寫著「資源回收」

In this case, the performative of "Recycle"

These actions include, but are not limited to,

Take a look at the wedding near the gazebo.

The speech act here are the words, "I do."

在這裡的「言語行為」就是「我願意。」

These words cause them to marry one another.

這兩個就是所謂的「合適條件」

Imagine if the mayor showed up to the wedding

I name this gazebo 'The Mayor's Pizza Palace.'"

我將此涼亭命名為『市長比薩宮』。」

the gazebo would be known by its new name.

decides to name the gazebo after her favorite cat,

the chances are the name would not change.

「合適條件」是讓做言可以實行的規則

under which the performative can be enacted.

The performative should have proper authority,

If the performative doesn't meet these conditions,

But just because a performative meets its conditions

doesn't mean that it's implicitly followed.

a rowdy group of teenagers races to the high dive.

一群吵鬧的青少年快跑到跳水板

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TED-Ed】言語行為。構成性和表演性--科琳-格倫尼-博格斯。 (【TED-Ed】Speech acts: Constative and performative - Colleen Glenney Boggs)

sentence

statement

proper

sign