Name: 伊朗開戰恐衝擊千萬人就業！印度產業面臨危機？ (Iran war threatens an Indian industry employing millions)
Uploaded: 2026-03-16T21:41:59.000Z
Duration: 17 min 44 s

情態副詞

Monica, we know that 60% of LNG comes from the Middle east and most of which actually goes through the Strait of Hormuz.

Monica，我們知道有 60% 的液化天然氣來自中東，其中大部分其實都經過荷姆茲海峽。

This war and the disruptions that it's led to in terms of the energy supply chain is hurting India significantly.

這場戰爭以及它對能源供應鏈造成的衝擊，對印度造成了嚴重的傷害。

As Linda this is a classic story of rising demand, import reliance, as you pointed out, and

Linda，這是一個典型的例子，就像妳指出的，需求上升、依賴進口，

You know, gas is as of now, still a very small segment of India's primary energy requirements, about 6% or so.

你知道，目前天然氣在印度主要能源需求中，佔比仍然非常小，大約 6% 左右。

But it's been growing on the back of schemes promoted by Prime Minister Modi's government to ensure a shift to a cleaner fuel, you know, and

不過，在莫迪總理政府推動的計畫帶動下，天然氣的成長力道很強，目的是要轉向更乾淨的燃料，

move households away from wood and kerosene and coal fired stoves to, you know, LPG cylinders, as they're called here, which is liquefied petroleum gas.

並讓家戶從燃燒木材、煤油和燃煤的爐灶，轉向使用這裡稱作的液化石油氣鋼瓶，也就是液化石油氣。

Now, we've seen demand rise significantly.

現在，我們看到需求顯著成長。

As you pointed out, much of this demand is being met through imports, specifically from the Middle east, which has been disrupted at this point in time.

正如妳所指出的，這大部分的需求是透過進口來滿足的，特別是來自中東，而這部分在中東目前正受到幹擾。

Sourcing base gas has been a bit of a challenge for us.

氣源採購對我們來說有點挑戰。

And this crisis in the Middle east has therefore caught the Indian government somewhat unprepared, if I might say so, because we have been struggling to make sure that there's enough gas for everyone's requirements, as a result of which we've seen cuts first to commercial establishments as the Modi government prioritizes households and, you know, to make sure there's enough cooking gas for homes.

是以，中東的這場危機讓印度政府有點措手不及，如果我這麼說的話，因為我們一直在努力確保每個人都有足夠的天然氣來滿足需求，結果我們看到首先是商業機構受到削減，因為莫迪政府優先考慮家庭，你知道，確保家戶有足夠的烹飪用氣。

So commercial establishments of a variety have been impacted, from fertilizers to tile manufacturers and to restaurants which have become the face of this crisis because, you know, they are what everyday people use and they are such a large employer.

所以各種商業機構都受到了影響，從肥料到磁磚製造商，再到餐廳，餐廳因為是民眾日常使用的，而且是很大的就業來源，所以成了這場危機的焦點。

And there are reports coming in from across the country on how large restaurants, small eateries, they're struggling to cope with this.

來自全國各地的報導顯示，大型餐廳、小餐館都在努力應對。

And speaking of restaurants, let's get perspective from Zorawa Kalwa, founder and MD and Massive Restaurants and Vice President at National Restaurant association of India.

說到餐廳，讓我們聽聽 Massive Restaurants 的創辦人兼董事總經理，同時也是印度全國餐廳協會副會長的 Zorawar Kalra 的看法。

First of all, give us a sense of how badly the restaurant industry has been impacted.

首先，請跟我們說說餐飲業受到了多嚴重的影響。

We know that, you know, restaurants have removed rotis puris from the menu already.

我們知道，餐廳已經從菜單上拿掉了印度烤餅和普利。

As said, we rely mostly on imports and the imports are almost completely stopped, although some good news is creeping in.

如您所說，我們主要依賴進口，而進口幾乎完全停止了，儘管有些好消息正在傳來。

But before that, let me address the size and the importance of the industry.

但在此之前，請允許我談談這個產業的規模和重要性。

As Monica said, we're the second largest employer of humans in India.

正如 Monica 所說，我們是印度第二大的就業來源。

So that's about 8 million people directly employed, another 8 million through ancillary industries.

所以這大約有八百萬人直接就業，另外八百萬人透過相關產業就業。

We're also a contributor to the GDP in a major way.

I mean there's the fourth largest economy in the world and we contribute between 2 and 3% to the country's GDP.

意思是說，我們是世界第四大經濟體，我們對國家的 GDP 貢獻了 2% 到 3%。

And the fact is that it's about a 6.6 lakh crore ecosystem.

事實上，整個生態系大約有 6.6 萬億盧比。

25% relies on CNG, piped gas, that is, or electric.

25% 依賴壓縮天然氣、管道燃氣，或是電力。

But 75% of all the restaurants and hotels in the country rely purely on LPG as the primary form of cooking.

但全國 75% 的餐廳和飯店，主要烹飪能源都純粹依賴液化石油氣。

So it is obviously, you know, it is, it can become a huge crisis if not addressed immediately.

所以顯然，你知道，如果不及時處理，這可能會變成一個巨大的危機。

At this point in time we're seeing shortages across the country in tier one, in two cities.

在這個時間點，我們看到全國的一級、二級城市都出現了短缺。

Many restaurants and hotels are facing it.

許多餐廳和飯店都面臨這個問題。

Difficult to kind of, you know, keep to survive the weekend.

Many have also already moved to much smaller menus that rely on non LPG based cooking solutions.

很多店家也已經縮小菜單，改用非液化石油氣的烹飪方式。

That being said, we've also been receiving some good news.

儘管如此，我們也收到了一些好消息。

Things are changing by the hour, by the minute.

事情每小時、每分鐘都在變化。

Yesterday the union Minister for petroleum and gas, Mr.

昨天，聯合國石油和天然氣部長 Hardeeppuri 先生說。

Hardeepuri had said that the commercial supply of LPG will start again.

液化石油氣的商業供應將會重新開始。

It's not started yet, but it appears that that's in the works.

雖然還沒開始，但看起來正在進行中。

And the second thing also we've been hearing is that a big, a big cargo ship carrying about 1.35 lakh cubic tons of gas have reached the Mumbai ports.

另外，我們聽到的第二個消息是，一艘載有約 13.5 萬立方噸液化石油氣的大型貨船已經抵達孟買港。

So there is some silver lining that we're seeing.

But at this point in time, if you take a snapshot in time, as of this morning, there is a major challenge being faced by a majority of the institutions that serve food.

但就目前這個時間點，如果以今天早上為例，大多數提供食物的機構都面臨著嚴峻的挑戰。

And remember, this is a country that our industry feeds the nation.

請記得，我們這個產業是餵養全國的。

So this is a, this is a challenge that hopefully will be contained.

所以這是一個我們希望能夠被控制住的挑戰。

We're hopeful seeing the action being taken over the past 24 hours.

看到過去 24 小時採取的行動，我們感到很有希望。

At this point in time, it remains a, it remains a challenge.

在這個時間點，這仍然是一個挑戰。

Give us a sense of how much of the industry will be impacted.

讓我們先了解一下，這個產業會有多少受到影響。

I mean the smaller plants for instance, will find it hard to survive.

舉例來說，那些比較小的工廠，會發現很難生存。

The larger companies still may be able to hold some kind of inventory in banks, although that's also dwindling.

比較大的公司或許還能持有某些庫存，雖然那也正在減少。

The smaller one does not have a robust or sophisticated Vendor management system or ability to hold inventory costs.

較小的公司沒有健全或複雜的供應商管理系統，也沒有能力持有庫存成本。

So the smaller one is the one unfortunately that ends up taking the brunt of it and that's being taken into cognizance by the government and the authorities.

所以，不幸的是，規模較小的公司將承受最大的衝擊，而政府和相關單位也正注意到這一點。

as a result also of the efforts that the NRA has done, which is the body that I represent, which is the largest representation of restaurants within the country, we've done, we've been proactive, we've been reaching out to the powers that be.

也因為我所代表的印度全國餐廳協會的努力，該協會是該國最大的餐廳組織，我們一直很積極，並與權力人士保持聯繫。

We've been going on media outlets such as yours to spread the word that this is actually an impending crisis.

我們也透過像您這樣的媒體來傳達這個訊息，讓大家知道這實際上是一場迫在眉睫的危機。

This could be, if not addressed immediately, an existential crisis.

如果不及時處理，這可能會是一場關乎存亡的危機。

So keeping all of that in mind, unfortunately the smaller one will be affected the most.

所以，考量到這一切，不幸的是，規模較小的公司將受到的影響最大。

If the delivery kitchen stop, the entire gig economy also gets affected.

如果外送廚房停止運作，整個零工經濟也會受到影響。

So there is a lot at stake here, there's no doubt.

所以，毫無疑問，這裡有很多東西面臨風險。

And that's why the government is taking extreme steps and know is acting fast.

這也是為什麼政府正在採取極端措施，並且正在迅速採取行動。

The pace of work and the pace of action is, is actually very, very quick.

工作和行動的步調，實際上非常、非常快。

We just hope that the results start coming out faster.

The LPG starts going in and you know, and

液化石油氣開始供應，然後你知道，

obviously as you know, overarching thing to above all of that, we hope the war start stops.

顯然，你知道，最重要的是，我們希望戰爭能停止。

If I can just jump in with a few operational questions here.

如果我可以針對營運方面提出幾個問題。

Do restaurants, broadly speaking across the country have access to any LPG at this point in time?

請問全國的餐廳，普遍來說，在這個時間點還有液化石油氣的供應嗎？

I know that, you know, the Minister said what he said yesterday about making some allocations, commercial LPG allocations available to the industry.

我知道，你知道，部長昨天說了關於為產業提供一些商業液化石油氣配額的事。

So we at the NRA have been speaking with the top leaders of the three large oil companies, right?

所以我們印度全國餐廳協會一直在跟這三家大型石油公司的最高領導層談話，對吧？

And they have all now as of yesterday, the mandate had not reached them.

而且他們到昨天為止，這個指令都還沒收到。

But I think we spoke early in the morning and post that I think this information was released.

但我想我們一早談過，在那之後，這個消息才發布。

There is very limited supply in most cases.

大部分情況下供應量非常有限。

Whatever was left over with the vendors, the distribution vendors is that's what's remaining in most in my system.

經銷商手邊剩下的，就是我係統裡還有的。

we're in many cities around the country, we're been, we're not having access to any fresh supplies at the moment.

我們在國內許多城市，目前都無法取得任何新的供應。

Whatever we have is stock that we already had and that probably will not last the weekend.

我們現有的都是庫存，而且可能撐不過這個週末。

So yes, there is a definite dearth of availability currently.

所以是的，目前確實明顯缺乏供應。