Name: 【TED-Ed】中暑了會怎樣？- 道格拉斯-J-卡薩 (【TED-Ed】What happens when you get heat stroke? - Douglas J. Casa)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T05:19:11.000Z
Duration: 3 min 54 s

ran the championship 10,000 meter track race at the Empire State Games.

情態副詞

Suddenly, with just 200 meters to go, he collapsed,

突然，在離終點線還有200米時， 他倒下了

got back up and then collapsed again on the final straightaway,

爬起來，然後在最後直線衝刺時 又再倒下

with his body temperature  at dangerous levels.

He had suffered an exertional heat stroke.

Fortunately, with immediate and proper treatment,

幸運的是，經過及時恰當的治療

he survived the potentially fatal episode

and has since helped save 167 people in similar circumstances.

並從那時起幫忙救助了167名 處於相似情況的人

exertional heat stroke, or sunstroke,  has long been a serious concern.

運動型中暑，或日射病， 一直都是一個嚴重的擔憂

And unlike classical heat stroke,  which affects vulnerable people

還有和一般的中暑不同， 一般的中暑只影響易感人群

such as infants and the elderly  during heat waves,

exertional heat stroke is caused by  intense exercise in the heat,

運動型中暑由在酷熱中劇烈運動導致

and is one of the top three killers of athletes and soldiers in training.

是運動員和士兵 在訓練中死亡的三大殺手之一

When you exercise,  nearly 80% of the energy you use

在運動時，你消耗的將近80%的能量

In normal circumstances,  this is what's known as

And your body can dissipate the heat as quickly as it's generated

你的身體可以在熱量 剛聚集的時候就散發掉

through cooling methods  like the evaporation of sweat.

你的身體由於在潮濕環境中 過度運動或高溫

due to overexertion or  high temperatures in humidity,

which raises your core temperature  beyond normal levels.

導致你核心溫度升高超過正常水平

This causes the proteins and  cell membranes to denature,

creating cells that no longer  function properly

If these leaky cells  proliferate through the body,

如果這些洩漏的細胞在整個人體中富集

Including liver damage,  blood clot formation in the kidneys,

damage to the gastrointestinal tract  and even the failure of vital organs.

胃腸道損傷，甚至重要器官壞死

So how do you diagnose  an exertional heat stroke?

The main criterion is a core body temperature  greater than 40 degrees Celsius

主要標準是人體核心溫度高於40攝氏度

such as increased heart rate,  low blood pressure and rapid breathing

例如心跳加速，低血壓和呼吸急速

or signs of central nervous system disfunction

或者中央神經系統功能失調的跡象

such as confused behavior,  aggression or loss of consciousness.

例如行為混亂，帶有攻擊性或者失去意識

The most feasible and accurate way  to assess core body temperature

最可行和準確地探測核心體溫的方式

as other common temperature-taking methods are not accurate in these circumstances.

因為其他常用溫度探測方法 在這些情形下並不準確

the most important thing to remember is cool first, transport second.

最重要的事情是記得先冷卻，再轉移

Because the human body can withstand  a core temperature above 40 degrees Celsius

因為人體在忍受核心溫度高於40攝氏度

for about 30 minutes before cell damage sets in,

it's essential to initiate rapid cooling on site

所以在現場開始盡快 快速降低人體溫度很重要

in order to lower it as quickly as possible.

在移除患者所有運動或保護裝備后

After any athletic or protective gear  has been removed from the victim,

將他們放置在冰水浴缸裡 同時持續攪拌水

place them in an ice water tub  while stirring the water

給患者全身淋灑冰水 和提供濕毛巾也有幫助

dousing in ice water and applying  wet towels over the entire body can help.

但在你開始任何救助前， 必須先撥打急診服務電話

But before you start anything,  emergency services should be called.

在等待時，保持患者冷靜非常重要

As you wait, it's important  to keep the victim calm

while cooling as much  surface area as possible

If medical staff are available on site, cooling should continue

冷卻必須直到核心體溫 達到38.9攝氏度

until a core temperature of 38.9 degrees Celsius is reached.

但是如果我們不小心它也能夠奪取生命

but it can also take life away if we're not careful,

利維克博士關於運動型中暑 在1859年寫道

As Dr. JJ Levick wrote of exertional heat stroke in 1859,

「它打擊它全副武裝的受害者。

"It strikes down its victim  with his full armor on.

年輕，健康和強壯的人都不能抵抗它的力量。」

Youth, health and strength oppose no obstacle to its power."

但是雖然這種情況是 運動三大死亡成因之一

But although this condition is one of the  top three leading causes of death in sports,

it has been 100% survivable with proper care.

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【TED-Ed】中暑了會怎樣？- 道格拉斯-J-卡薩 (【TED-Ed】What happens when you get heat stroke? - Douglas J. Casa)

stress

state

accurate

exercise