Name: 亞里士多德--如何清晰思考並取得成就 (Aristotle - How to Think Clearly & Achieve Anything)
Uploaded: 2025-10-22T18:32:24.000Z
Duration: 9 min 33 s

程度副詞

This video is going to be very interactive and incredibly useful.

這支影片會非常互動且極具實用性。

So feel free to pause it, take notes and re watch sections whenever you need to.

所以隨時都可以暫停、做筆記，並在需要時重看某些片段。

基礎被動語態

This video was made possible by Brilliant, a math and science problem solving website that makes learning fun and rewarding.

這支影片由 Brilliant 贊助製作，Brilliant 是一個讓學習變得有趣又有成就感的數學與科學解難網站。

Have you ever achieved something without knowing how you did it?

你有沒有曾經達成某件事，卻不知道自己是怎麼做到的？

Or have you ever seen someone else achieve something, wondered how they did it?

或者你曾看過別人達成某件事，好奇他們是怎麼做到的？

In this video, based on the wisdom of Aristotle, I'm going to give you a step by step technique for understanding how to achieve anything.

在這支影片裡，我將借鏡亞里斯多德的智慧，帶你一步一步學會如何達成任何事。

I'll start with simple examples and build up to more complicated ones.

我會從簡單的例子開始，再慢慢進階到更複雜的。

This technique is called cause and effect equations and we're going to start with a simple example.

這項技巧叫做因果方程式，我們將從一個簡單的例子開始。

I recommend taking out a pen and paper and following along because this knowledge truly will change your life.

我建議你拿出筆和紙，跟著我一起做，因為這些知識真的會改變你的人生。

To the left of the equal sign, write causes.

在等號的左邊，寫上「原因」。

To the right of the equal sign, write effect.

在等號的右邊，寫上「結果」。

The effect is the thing we want to achieve.

結果就是我們想要達成的事情。

So let's erase effect and write cake on the right side instead.

所以我們把「結果」擦掉，在右邊寫上「蛋糕」。

And according to Aristotle, there are four types of causes that can explain any an efficient cause, a material cause, a formal cause, and

根據亞里斯多德的說法，有四種原因可以解釋任何事：動力因、質料因、形相因，以及

So let's erase causes on the left side and write out all four causes.

所以我們把左邊的「原因」擦掉，寫出這四種原因。

The efficient cause is the thing or person responsible for producing the effect.

動力因是指負責產生結果的事物或人。

在這個例子裡，那就是烘焙師。

So let's erase efficient cause and write baker.

所以我們把動力因擦掉，寫上烘焙師。

The material cause is the list of ingredients required to produce the effect.

質料因是指為了產生結果所需要的材料清單。

So let's erase material cause and write ingredients.

所以我們把質料因擦掉，寫上材料。

The formal cause is how you are supposed to combine the ingredients to produce the effect.

形相因是指你應該如何組合這些材料來產生結果。

所以就我們的例子來說，那就是食譜。

So we can erase formal cause, replace it with recipe and the final cause explains the purpose of the effect or why it happened in the first place.

所以我們可以擦掉形相因，換成食譜，而目的因則解釋了結果的用途，或是它為何會發生。

它解釋了為什麼要做這個蛋糕。

In our case, that would be to satisfy our hunger.

在我們的例子裡，那就是為了滿足我們的飢餓感。

So we can erase final cause and write hunger.

所以我們可以擦掉目的因，寫上飢餓。

So by breaking the effect down into its four causes, the efficient cause, the material cause, the formal cause, and

所以透過將結果分解成它的四種原因：動力因、質料因、形相因，以及

the final cause, which are the baker, the ingredients, the recipe and hunger respectively, we understand how the effect of making a cake is achieved.

而目的因，分別是烘焙師、食材、食譜和飢餓感，讓我們瞭解如何達成製作蛋糕這個結果。

Breaking any effect down into its four causes allows us to understand how it can be achieved.

將任何結果分解成它的四種原因，能幫助我們理解它是如何達成的。

Now let's step it up one level of complexity.

現在，我們來稍微提升一點複雜度。

This technique can also be applied to more complicated dreams such as building a business.

這個技巧也能應用在更複雜的夢想上，像是建立一間公司。

Lets write out the four causes again with successful business on the right side as an effect.

讓我們再次寫下四種原因，並將成功的公司放在右邊作為結果。

The efficient cause is the person or thing responsible for creating the successful business.

動力因是負責創造成功公司的個人或事物。

在我們的例子裡，那就是創業者。

The material cause Is the list of ingredients required to create a successful business.

質料因是創造成功公司所需的食材清單。

For now, we can write an in demand product or service.

目前，我們可以寫上「市場需求的產品或服務」。

The formal cause is the recipe that describes how the ingredients are put together to create a successful business.

形相因是描述如何將食材組合起來，以創造成功公司的食譜。

In our case, we can write easily accessible, which means that the in demand service or product is put together in a way that is easy for the customer to access.

在我們的例子裡，我們可以寫「容易取得」，這代表市場需求的產品或服務是以客戶容易取得的方式組合起來的。

And the final cause describes the purpose the business was created for in the first place.

而目的因則描述了公司一開始成立的宗旨。

In our example, we can write to serve customers.

在我們的例子裡，我們可以寫「服務顧客」。

So when you get an entrepreneur who wants to serve customers with an in demand product or service that is easily accessible, you get a successful business.

所以，當你有一位創業者，他想透過容易取得且市場上需要的產品或服務來服務顧客，這就是一間成功的公司。

Those are some decent insights, but we can take this to the next level by going even deeper.

這些都是不錯的見解，但我們可以更深入，將它提升到另一個層級。

Each of the four causes in the equation can be broken down further to get more insight.

因果方程式中的四個因都可以進一步細分，以獲得更多洞察。

Let's get more specific and choose an industry such as filmmaking.

讓我們更具體一點，選擇一個產業，像是電影製作。

We can put together a list of successful films and their makers and determine how they were made.

我們可以整理一份成功的電影及其製作者的清單，並確定它們是如何製作出來的。

Let's start by erasing entrepreneur on the left side and writing filmmaker.

讓我們從左邊刪除「創業者」，寫上「電影製作人」。

And let's erase successful business on the right side and write successful movie.

然後，我們在右邊刪除「成功的公司」，寫上「成功的電影」。

Now let's take a look at our efficient cause, the filmmaker.

現在讓我們來看看動力因，也就是電影製作人。

We can gather a list of filmmakers who have made a successful movie and see what qualities they have in common.

我們可以整理一份製作出成功電影的電影製作人名單，看看他們有哪些共同特質。

For example, maybe they all work more than 40 hours a week, have college degrees and are willing to fail multiple times before giving up.

例如，也許他們每週工作超過 40 小時，擁有大學學位，並且願意在放棄前多次失敗。

勤奮、受過良好教育且有韌性。

Now let's erase filmmaker from our formula and sub those three qualities into the brackets.

現在讓我們從公式中刪除電影製作人，然後將這三種特質填入括號中。

Now let's look at our material cause, an in demand service or product.

現在讓我們來看看質料因，也就是市場上熱門的服務或產品。

We can gather a list of all the best performing movies of the last few years and see what they have in common.

我們可以整理一份過去幾年表現最好的電影名單，看看它們有哪些共同之處。

For example, maybe they're mostly superhero movies.

例如，也許它們大多是超級英雄電影。

So let's erase in demand service or product on the left side and write superhero movie.

所以讓我們在左邊刪除「市場上熱門的服務或產品」，寫上「超級英雄電影」。

Now let's look at the formal cause easily accessible.

現在讓我們來看看形相因，也就是容易取得的。

Again, we can gather a list of successful superhero movies and see how they combine all of their ingredients to see if there are any similarities.

再次地，我們可以整理一份成功的超級英雄電影名單，看看它們如何結合所有元素，找出是否有任何相似之處。

這是一個眾所周知的成功配方。

So we can erase easily accessible and write hero's Journey.

所以我們可以刪除「容易取得」，然後寫上「英雄之旅」。

And finally, let's look at the final serve customers.

最後，讓我們來看看目的因，也就是服務客戶。

By looking at our list of successful superhero movies, we can see similarities in how they serve their customers.

透過觀察我們成功的超級英雄電影名單，我們可以發現它們在服務客戶方面有相似之處。

Maybe they all finish with a final battle between the hero and the villain where the hero just barely wins.

也許它們都以英雄和反派之間的最終決戰作結，而英雄險勝。

So we can erase serve customers and write journey to a battle where the hero eventually wins.

所以我們可以刪除「服務客戶」，然後寫上「英雄最終獲勝的旅程」。

So putting that all together, we get if you take a filmmaker who is hard working, educated, and

所以把這些都組合起來，我們得到，如果你找一位勤奮、受過教育的電影製作人，而且

resilient, who makes a superhero movie that follows the hero's journey, where the ultimate purpose is to build up to a battle between the hero and the villain, where the hero barely wins, you get a successful movie that would be a pretty powerful insight for less than 10 minutes of work.

堅韌不拔，他拍了一部遵循英雄之旅的超級英雄電影，最終目的是鋪陳英雄與反派之間的對決，而英雄以些微的差距獲勝，這樣你就能得到一部成功的電影，而且這項工作不到十分鐘就能獲得相當有力的啟發。

And there are infinite levels of depth that you can go through here.

而且這裡面有無限的深度可以去探討。

For example, we can take the material cause superhero movie and break it down further.

舉例來說，我們可以拿「質料因」的超級英雄電影來進一步分析。

We can analyze our list of successful superhero movies and study how many characters they have, how many plot lines, how many heroes, how many villains, and

我們可以分析我們成功的超級英雄電影名單，研究它們有多少角色、多少情節線、多少英雄、多少反派，

You can literally spend a lifetime putting together detailed equations on how to achieve anything.

你真的可以花一輩子的時間來組合詳細的方程式，教你如何達成任何事。

So by gathering evidence and studying it using Aristotle's four causes, the efficient cause, the material cause, the formal cause, and

所以透過收集證據並運用亞里斯多德的四因說，也就是動力因、質料因、形相因和

the final cause, we can form complex cause and effect equations that help us determine how to achieve anything.

目的因來研究，我們可以形成複雜的因果方程式，幫助我們決定如何達成任何事。

And if you're looking for a practical way to improve your logical thinking skills, I recommend checking out this week's sponsor, Brilliant.org through their Logic course.

如果你正在尋找一個實用的方法來提升你的邏輯思考能力，我推薦看看本週的贊助商 Brilliant.org，他們有邏輯課程。

Brilliant actually helped me become a better thinker, and

Brilliant 其實幫助我成為一個更好的思考者，而且

by becoming a better thinker, they helped me to become a better writer.

透過成為一個更好的思考者，他們也幫助我成為一個更好的寫作者。

Truth telling is the basis of good writing, and

誠實地說，這是良好寫作的基礎，

to be able to distinguish true statements from false ones, you have to be good at logic.

而要能分辨真假陳述，你就必須精通邏輯。

In their logic course, you'll learn to solve problems by taking factual statements and using logic to make them coherent.

在他們的邏輯課程中，你會學到如何透過事實陳述並運用邏輯來讓它們變得連貫，進而解決問題。

And you'll get to do it through Brilliant's signature fun and interactive style.

而且你會透過 Brilliant 獨特的趣味互動方式來學習。

I can't really stress how important it is to be a great logical thinker.

我真的無法強調成為一個優秀邏輯思考者的重要性。

These uncertain times by learning how to separate fact from fiction, you'll instantly become more competent at anything you do.

在這些不確定的時代，學會如何分辨事實與虛構，你會立刻在做任何事時都變得更得心應手。

But if logic isn't your thing, Brilliant has thousands of other lessons with new, exclusive content added each month for different areas of study, such as math, logic, or computer science.

但如果邏輯不是你的強項，Brilliant 還有數千種其他課程，每個月都會為數學、邏輯或電腦科學等不同領域新增獨家內容。

To try everything Brilliant has to offer free For a full 30 days, visit brilliant.

想免費試用 Brilliant 提供的一切內容 30 天，請造訪 brilliant.

Org freedominthought or click on the link in the description below.

org freedominthought 或點擊下方說明欄中的連結。

The first 200 of you will get 20% off Brilliant's annual premium subscription.

前 200 位訂閱者將享有 Brilliant 年度高級訂閱 8 折優惠。

As always, thanks for watching and I'll see you next time.

一如往常，感謝您的觀看，下次見！