Name: 如果人工智能能完成你的課業，為什麼還要上大學？| 灰色地帶 (If AI can do your classwork, why go to college? | The Gray Area)
Uploaded: 2025-07-17T08:10:42.000Z
Duration: 49 min 35 s

嘿，我是《灰色地帶》的主持人肖恩。

過去簡單式

For the show this week, I talked to James Walsh.

在本週的節目中，我採訪了詹姆斯-沃爾什。

He's a features writer at New York Magazine.

他是《紐約雜誌》的特約撰稿人。

We discuss his latest piece about how everyone is using AI to cheat their way through college and how that threatens the entire academic project.

我們討論了他最近的一篇文章，內容是關於每個人都在利用人工智能在大學裡作弊，以及這如何威脅到整個學術項目。

詹姆斯-沃爾什，歡迎來到節目。

I love this piece, and I'm really excited to talk to you about it.

我很喜歡這篇文章，很高興能和你談談它。

And it resonated with me on a few different levels, which I'm sure we will get to.

它在幾個不同的層面上引起了我的共鳴，我相信我們會討論到這一點的。

I'll just start, I mean, it doesn't seem like AI is your beat, as it were.

我就從人工智能說起吧，人工智能似乎不是你的強項。

So how did you get drawn into the wonderful world of AI cheating?

那麼，你是如何被捲入人工智能作弊的奇妙世界的呢？

My editor and I were having just a conversation about cheating and not AI.

我和我的編輯正在討論作弊和非人工智能的問題。

So I started doing these interviews and kind of realized that there was no way to write a cheating story without it being about AI.

於是，我開始做這些採訪，並意識到如果不涉及人工智能，就不可能寫出出軌的故事。

And not only that, it was like, oh, everybody I'm talking to is in some way cheating, even if they don't think it's cheating.

不僅如此，這就像，哦，和我交談的每個人都在以某種方式作弊，即使他們並不認為這是作弊。

And it's like bending the very definition of cheating.

而這就像是彎曲了 "作弊 "的定義。

I mean, is there any other way people are cheating these days?

我是說，這年頭還有其他作弊方式嗎？

It's not like people are taking, are people taking Scantron still and like looking over shoulders and bubbling in the circles?

這不像是人們在做題，難道人們還在做Scantron，還在看肩膀，還在圈子裡冒泡？

Yeah, I talked to students who were like, oh, the kind of old school cheating, you know, the tradecraft is still there.

是啊，我跟學生們聊過，他們都說，哦，那種老派的作弊，你知道的，技巧還在。

There's still, you know, whether it's people using Apple Watches to pull up PDFs or, you know, scribbling something on the palm of their hands.

你知道，無論是人們用蘋果手錶調出 PDF 文件，還是在手掌上塗鴉，都還在繼續。

As one student said to me, it's like, you know, the floor of cheating is still there.

正如一位學生對我說的那樣，這就像，你知道，作弊的底線仍然存在。

It's just that like the ceiling's been blown off.

只是天花板好像被吹走了一樣。

I'm both elated and bummed that I missed the golden age of cheating.

我既高興又遺憾，因為我錯過了作弊的黃金時代。

比如，是的，我用 "星火筆記"。

I use, you know, every once in a while I use SparkNotes.

你知道，我每隔一段時間就會使用 "星火筆記"。

I'm actually very glad that I didn't have this tool when I was in college.

事實上，我很慶幸自己上大學時沒有這個工具。

我相信，我們也會談到這一點。

One thing that really made the piece work is how candid everyone you spoke to was, especially the students.

這篇報道的成功之處在於，與你交談的每個人都非常坦誠，尤其是學生。

And I know it's hard to get people to talk on the record about something they're not supposed to be doing.

我知道讓人們公開談論他們不該做的事很難。

How did you go about finding these students and why do you think they were so open?

你是如何找到這些學生的，為什麼你認為他們如此開放？

The reporting process for finding the students was sort of like, you know, any kind of story,

尋找學生的報道過程就像任何一種報道一樣、

So I would find them through student newspapers was a big one, whether they were mentioned in a story or a few of them had written op-eds.

是以，我會通過學生報紙找到他們，不管是在報道中提到他們，還是他們中的一些人寫了專欄文章，這都是一個重要的管道。

So those students were, of course, eager to talk about AI even on the record because they had written op-eds.

是以，這些學生當然急於談論人工智能，即使是在公開場合，因為他們寫過專欄文章。

In fact, one memorable interview was a student, as a freshman, she had written kind of an optimistic AI op-ed saying, we need to incorporate AI more in the classroom to teach students how to use this for the rest of their lives.

事實上，有一次採訪讓人印象深刻，一位大一學生寫了一篇樂觀的人工智能專欄文章，說我們需要在課堂上更多地融入人工智能，教學生如何在今後的生活中使用它。

And then I talked to her, you know, as a sophomore, sometime in the past few months.

然後我和她聊了聊，你知道，作為一個大二學生，在過去幾個月的某個時候。

And the first thing she said, she's like, I have done a 180.

她說的第一句話就是，我已經180度大轉變了。

我們需要讓人工智能走出教室。

And that was just kind of indicative of like, how many more students over just the past two semesters are using it.

這恰恰說明，在過去的兩個學期裡，有更多的學生在使用它。

And then I, you know, another kind of notable one where I would, I reached out to a lot of students who were having these conversations already on Reddit and Discord.

然後，我，你知道的，另一種值得注意的是，我會聯繫很多已經在 Reddit 和 Discord 上進行這些對話的學生。

And one student in Canada, she went on to her school's, you know, thread on Reddit and said, I have a problem.

加拿大的一名學生在她學校的 Reddit 上發帖說："我有個問題。

Do you guys have any advice for how to like kick a chat GPT addiction because I am fully addicted.

你們對如何戒掉 GPT 哈拉癮有什麼建議嗎？

And it was a really earnest kind of request.

And so I reached out to her and she was like, yeah, let's talk.

於是我聯繫了她，她說，好啊，我們談談。

And then, of course, just, you know, one student can lead to another student and just kind of trying to speak with every sort of student I could find.

當然，你知道，一個學生可以帶動另一個學生，我只是試圖與我能找到的每一種學生交談。

Well, let's walk through the tools that students are using, because I still think there are a lot of people who just aren't familiar with any of this, have not yet dipped their toes into the wonderful world of LLMs and chatbots.

好吧，讓我們來了解一下學生們正在使用的工具，因為我仍然認為有很多人還不熟悉這些工具，還沒有涉足法律碩士和哈拉機器人的美妙世界。

Are we talking about, you know, chat GPT, Claude, Copilot, Gemini?

我們說的是哈拉 GPT、克勞德、Copilot 還是雙子座？

And how are students using them to cheat?

I mean, the vast majority of students I talked to were using chat GPT, OpenAI's platform.

我的意思是，與我交談過的絕大多數學生都在使用哈拉 GPT，也就是 OpenAI 的平臺。

And so much so that sometimes they would even refer to chat GPT and then I'd go back to them and, you know, maybe they were using another platform, but chat GPT was just kind of shorthand for a chatbot or AI.

以至於有時他們甚至會提到哈拉 GPT，然後我再去找他們，你知道，也許他們用的是另一個平臺，但哈拉 GPT 只是哈拉機器人或人工智能的一種速記。

But of course, students talked about using Claude, yeah, Anthropox, and Gemini, Google and Copilot.

當然，學生們也談到了使用克勞德，是的，"炭疽"，還有 "雙子座"、谷歌和 "Copilot"。

And they were using it for kind of every facet of their education, really.

他們將其用於教育的方方面面，真的。

You know, I think it's my bias as, you know, an English major and a writer where I was really interested in hearing how they were using it to write their essays or outline their essays or generate ideas for their essays.

你知道，我認為這是我的偏見，你知道，作為一個英語專業學生和作家，我真的很想聽聽他們是如何用它來寫作文、勾勒作文大綱或為作文出謀劃策的。

But students were also eager to talk about, you know, how they used it to take notes during class for them or summarize textbooks or create study guides and outlines.

但學生們也熱衷於談論，你知道，他們是如何用它來為自己做課堂筆記，或總結課本內容，或創建學習指南和提綱的。

And then, you know, one of the biggest use cases is just computer science students who are using it to code.

然後，你知道，最大的用例之一就是計算機科學專業的學生，他們用它來編寫代碼。

Some science students using it, you know, to analyze data.

一些理科學生用它來分析數據。

The computer science students using it to code is just a huge use case.

計算機科學專業的學生用它來編碼是一個巨大的用例。

And I spoke with a professor, a computer science professor at Berkeley, you know, one of the top computer science schools in the country, who said, you know, his students have a serious problem.

我和一位教授聊過，他是伯克利大學的計算機科學教授，你知道，伯克利大學是美國頂尖的計算機科學學校之一，他說，你知道，他的學生有一個嚴重的問題。

Tons of his students are using it on their take-home assignments.

他的很多學生都用它來完成帶回家的作業。

And then when they're tested on the same sorts of problems in class, they're failing.

然後，當他們在課堂上就同樣的問題進行測試時，他們卻不及格。

They realize that if they're using the chatbots to code, that they actually won't be needed as coders.

他們意識到，如果使用哈拉機器人來編碼，實際上就不需要他們作為編碼員了。

That's exactly what this professor told them.

You know, if you are depending on AI, now you are just training yourself to be an assistant.

要知道，如果你依賴人工智能，現在你只是在把自己訓練成一個助手。

I think he put it, you know, the way he put it was an assistant to an AI platform.

我想他的說法是，你知道，他的說法是人工智能平臺的助手。

And you are going to be the most replaceable person in the workforce.

你將成為員工隊伍中最容易被取代的人。

And he said that, you know, he has had conversations with executives at these tech companies who ask him, why would I hire a coder now anyway?

他說，他曾與這些科技公司的高管交談過，他們問他：我現在為什麼要僱一個程序員？

我們在勞動力中也看到了這一點，對嗎？

I think Microsoft just laid off a ton of coders.

我覺得微軟剛剛裁掉了一大批程序員。

When they're told that, hey, look, you're making yourself that much more replaceable, is that something they really feel in their bones or people are just kind of rolling with it?

當他們被告知 "嘿，聽著，你正在讓自己變得更容易被替代 "時，他們是真的從骨子裡感受到了這一點，還是人們只是順其自然？

I will say, you know, certainly a good percentage of the students I spoke to have concerns and are aware to some extent of what they're doing as they rely more and more on AI.

我想說的是，你知道，在我接觸過的學生中，肯定有相當一部分人有顧慮，並在一定程度上意識到他們在做什麼，因為他們越來越依賴人工智能。

I think there's maybe kind of a whiplash going on here in a sense that like they're entering school at a time when like, what can I study now that is going to get me a job later?

我認為，從某種意義上說，這可能是一種鞭策，就像他們在進入學校的時候會想，我現在能學什麼，以後能找到工作？

What skills will be necessary in four years?

And stuff is moving so quickly that like it's, I might as well offload this learning or, you know, I might as well not work hard at acquiring these skills because who knows if four years from now they're going to help me.

事情發展得如此之快，就好像，我還不如卸下這些學習任務，或者，你知道，我還不如不努力學習這些技能，因為誰知道四年後它們是否會對我有所幫助。

And that's, I understand that, that kind of, that fear.

So what's the simplest example of the process here of how people are using it?

那麼，關於人們如何使用它的過程，最簡單的例子是什麼？

I mean, is it as simple as you go in there and you say, hey, I'm reading such and such book, you know, I'm going to upload a PDF of said book.

我的意思是，是不是隻要你進去，然後說，嘿，我正在讀這樣那樣的書，你知道，我要上傳一本PDF格式的書。

I mean, is it pretty much that straightforward?

我的意思是，事情就這麼簡單明瞭嗎？

I mean, it depends on kind of the type of students, the type of class, the type of school you're going to, you know, whether or not a student thinks they can get away with that is something, or whether or not a student can get away with that is something, is a different question.

我的意思是，這取決於學生的類型、班級的類型、你要去的學校的類型，你知道，學生是否認為他們可以逃脫這種事情，或者學生是否可以逃脫這種事情，這是一個不同的問題。

But there are plenty of students who are taking their prompt from their professor, copying and pasting it into ChatGPT and saying, I need a four to five page essay and copying and pasting that essay without ever reading it.

但也有很多學生從教授那裡得到提示，複製並粘貼到 ChatGPT 上，然後說，我需要一篇四到五頁的論文，然後複製並粘貼那篇論文，卻從未讀過它。

One of the funniest examples I came across is a number of professors are using this so-called

我遇到的一個最有趣的例子是，許多教授都在使用這種所謂的

Trojan horse method where they're dropping in kind of these non sequiturs into their prompts, mention broccoli, broccoli, mention Dua Lipa, say something about Finland into their prompt so that, you know, if you were to just copy and paste the prompt into ChatGPT, the essay that it spits out will say something about broccoli or Dua Lipa.

特洛伊木馬的方法是，他們在提示語中加入一些不連貫的詞語，比如提到西蘭花、西蘭花，提到 Dua Lipa，在提示語中說一些關於芬蘭的話，這樣，如果你把提示語複製粘貼到 ChatGPT 中，它吐出來的文章就會說一些關於西蘭花或 Dua Lipa 的內容。

And there are students who are just blindly copying and pasting those essays and handing them in.

有些學生只是盲目地複製和粘貼這些作文，然後交上去。

So not only, you know, are they not writing their papers, they're not even reading them.

所以，他們不僅不寫論文，甚至都不看論文。

Well, it seems like with just a little bit of effort, you could cover that up.

看來，只要花點心思，就能把它掩蓋起來。

I mean, unless you're just so lazy that you just insert the prompt and just copy and paste whatever you get back.

我的意思是，除非你懶得插入提示，然後複製粘貼你得到的任何內容。

But if you just take a little bit of time to comb through it, you should be able to cut that stuff out and cover up the trail.

但只要花一點時間梳理一下，就能把這些東西剪掉，掩蓋住痕跡。

And every professor I spoke to said, you know, so many of my students are using AI.

與我交談過的每一位教授都說，你知道，我的很多學生都在使用人工智能。

字幕列表影片播放

如果人工智能能完成你的課業，為什麼還要上大學？| 灰色地帶 (If AI can do your classwork, why go to college? | The Gray Area)

perspective

sort

critical

panic