Name: 月相：兒童天文學和太空 - FreeSchool (Phases of the Moon: Astronomy and Space for Kids - FreeSchool)
Uploaded: 2025-05-04T16:20:28.000Z
Duration: 5 min 42 s

程度副詞

It's the brightest and most noticeable object in the night sky, but if you spend much time observing it, you will see that the moon is never quite the same from one night to the next.

它是夜空中最亮、最引人注目的天體，但如果你花很多時間觀察它，就會發現月亮在每個夜晚都不盡相同。

The moon has something we call phases, which means that it appears to change shape a little bit every night.

月亮有一種我們稱之為 "月相 "的東西，這意味著它每晚都會發生一些形狀上的變化。

To understand why this happens, we need to talk a little bit about the way the earth and the moon move together in space.

要了解為什麼會發生這種情況，我們需要先談談地球和月球在太空中的運動方式。

The moon orbits around the earth, much like the earth orbits around the sun.

月球圍繞地球運行，就像地球圍繞太陽運行一樣。

However, while the earth takes about 365 days to travel once around the sun, one year, the moon completes its orbit around the earth in only 29 and a half days, or about one month.

然而，地球繞太陽運行一圈大約需要 365 天，即一年，而月球繞地球運行一圈只需要 29 天半，即大約一個月。

That's actually where the idea of months came from, the time it takes for the moon to complete one orbit around the earth, and the words moon and month come from the same root.

實際上，"月 "的概念就來源於月球繞地球運行一圈所需的時間，而 "月 "與 "moon "同源。

Despite how bright it looks in the sky, the moon does not have any light of its own.

儘管月亮在天空中看起來非常明亮，但它本身並沒有任何光芒。

It only appears to shine brightly in the sky because light from the sun hits it and bounces off.

它之所以在天空中閃閃發光，只是因為太陽光照射到它並反彈回來。

Just like the earth, the moon has a day side and a night side, with half of it in sunlight and half of it in darkness at any one time.

就像地球一樣，月球也有白天和黑夜之分，任何時候都有一半在陽光下，一半在黑暗中。

As the moon travels through its orbit around the earth, that dividing line between day and night, called the terminator, is visible from different angles, giving the impression that different amounts of the moon are lit up on different days.

當月球繞著地球運行時，從不同的角度可以看到晝夜的分界線，這就是所謂的終結者，給人的感覺是在不同的日子裡月亮的亮度不同。

The cycle of lunar phases begins with the new moon.

At new moon, the moon appears completely dark because the unlit side is facing the earth.

新月時，月亮看起來完全是黑的，因為沒有發光的一面正對著地球。

New moon is the only time in the lunar cycle when a solar eclipse could happen, because it is the only time that the moon is between the sun and the earth.

新月是月球週期中唯一可能發生日食的時間，因為這是月球位於太陽和地球之間的唯一時間。

After a few days, once the moon has moved along a little in its orbit, we can begin to see some of the moon's day side from earth.

幾天後，一旦月球在其軌道上稍微移動了一點，我們就可以開始從地球上看到月球的日面了。

What we see is just a thin slice of light, called a crescent.

我們看到的只是一片薄薄的光，稱為新月。

We call it a waxing crescent, because waxing means growing.

我們稱其為 "臘月月牙"，因為 "臘月 "意味著成長。

The crescent moon will grow a little bit thicker every night until it reaches the next phase, first quarter.

新月每晚都會變粗一點，直到進入下一個階段，即第一季度。

The first quarter moon is sometimes called the half moon because it appears to us that half of the moon is illuminated, but it is called first quarter because the moon is one quarter of the way through its cycle.

第一季度的月亮有時被稱為半月，因為在我們看來，月亮的一半被照亮了，但它之所以被稱為第一季度，是因為月亮已經走過了其週期的四分之一。

As the days pass, the moon continues to grow, soon entering its next phase, the waxing gibbous.

隨著時間的推移，月亮不斷變大，很快就會進入下一個階段--臘月。

Gibbous means humped or swollen, and again, we call it waxing because it grows thicker every night until it reaches the next phase, the full moon.

Gibbous 的意思是駝峰或腫脹，同樣，我們稱其為 "臘月 "是因為它每晚都在變厚，直到到達下一個階段--滿月。

A full moon is the biggest, brightest, and easiest phase of the moon to see.

滿月是最大、最亮、最容易看到的月相。

The moon rises at sunset and is up all night, so if you are outside and the sky is clear, it's hard to miss.

月亮在日落時升起，整夜不落，所以如果你在戶外，天空晴朗，就很難錯過它。

The moon is halfway through its orbit around the earth, and is now on the opposite side of the earth from the sun.

月球繞地球運行了一半，現在位於地球與太陽的另一側。

During a full moon is the only time that a earth's shadow could fall on the moon.

只有在滿月時，地球的影子才能落在月球上。

As the moon continues in its path, it appears to shrink again as we begin to see more and more of its dark side.

隨著月球繼續運行，它似乎又縮小了，我們開始看到它越來越多的陰暗面。

A few days after the full moon, the moon will be a gibbous again, but this time it's a waning gibbous.

滿月後幾天，月亮又會變成長日珥，但這次是殘月。

Waning means shrinking or getting smaller, and so the moon will be waning for the rest of its orbit.

減弱的意思是縮小或變小，是以月球在其軌道的剩餘時間裡都會減弱。

The next phase is another half moon, but this time it's called third quarter, or sometimes last or final quarter, because the moon is three quarters of the way through its orbit.

下一個階段是另一個半月，但這次被稱為第三季度，有時也被稱為最後或最後季度，因為月球已經走過其軌道的四分之三。

Soon, the half moon shrinks into a waning crescent, which will continue to shrink night after night until it vanishes completely into the next new moon.

很快，半月就會縮小成一彎新月，夜復一夜地縮小，直到完全消失在下一輪新月中。

Different every night, but repeating the same cycle over and over, the moon is one of the best objects in the sky to observe, especially for someone just getting started.

月亮每晚都不一樣，但重複著相同的週期，是天空中最適合觀測的天體之一，對於剛剛開始觀測的人來說尤其如此。

The next time you look up and see the moon in the sky, take a moment and see if you can identify which phase of the moon you're seeing, and try to figure out which one will come next.

下次當你抬頭看到天空中的月亮時，花點時間看看你是否能辨別出你看到的是哪個階段的月亮，並試著找出下一個階段的月亮。