What Is A Work Breakdown Structure?

什麼是工作分解結構？

Hello, I'm Jennifer Whitt, director at projectmanager.com.

大家好，我是 Projectmanager.com 的總監珍妮弗-惠特（Jennifer Whitt）。

Well, welcome to our whiteboard session today on what is a work breakdown structure.

歡迎參加我們今天的白板會議，瞭解什麼是工作分解結構。

So, a lot of times we get questions from the forum and other sources of people calling in really trying to understand what the work breakdown structure is.

是以，我們經常會從論壇和其他管道收到一些人打來的電話，詢問工作分解結構是什麼。

And there's so much confusion out there because it gets tied into maybe a software tool or other aspects.

由於可能與軟件工具或其他方面聯繫在一起，是以存在很多混淆。

And people can't determine what's the difference between that and a schedule and other parts of the project.

人們無法確定這與進度表和項目的其他部分有什麼區別。

So, I want to take the time out on this whiteboard session just to clarify what the work breakdown structure is.

是以，我想在這次白板會議上花點時間說明一下什麼是工作分解結構。

Well, you know me, I'm big on terms and I like to be clear and go forward on a real definition of terms.

你知道我的，我很注重術語，我喜歡把術語說清楚，並對術語進行真正的定義。

So,

那麼

a lot of times you'll see me on the whiteboard sessions reference my good friend Google.

很多時候，你會看到我在白板會議上提到我的好朋友谷歌。

Well,

好吧、

in this case,

在這種情況下、

I'm referencing

我指的是

a guide.

指南。

A guide

指南

to the Project Management Body of Knowledge by PMI and this specifically is the fourth edition.

項目管理知識體系》，特別是第四版。

Many times I see the teams get confused because they lose track of, they lose essence of, why are we doing this project?

很多時候，我看到團隊感到困惑，因為他們失去了方向，失去了本質，我們為什麼要做這個項目？

And specifically the reason we're doing a project is to produce the deliverables.

具體來說，我們之所以要做一個項目，就是為了交付成果。

So,

那麼

this is a very important piece.

這是一篇非常重要的文章。

And if you can create a work breakdown structure from the beginning and identify the deliverables being produced when, then that a picture truly is worth a thousand words for not only you the project manager, but your team, it sets the vision again for the project objectives.

如果你能從一開始就創建一個工作分解結構，並確定在什麼時候交付成果，那麼對於你這個項目經理和你的團隊來說，一張圖片真的勝過千言萬語，它再次為項目目標設定了願景。

So, let's take a look at the purpose.

那麼，讓我們來看看目的何在。

The purpose again is to organize and define the total scope.

目的還是組織和確定總體範圍。

So, the scope is comprised of the deliverables.

是以，範圍由可交付成果組成。

So, this hierarchical decomposition of the work,

是以，這種分層分解的工作、

uh, it looks like this.

呃，看起來是這樣的

Here's a graphical picture.

下面是一幅圖表。

So, here's just generically,

所以，這裡只是泛泛而談、

you can take these this generic hierarchical structure and begin breaking it down for your own.

你可以利用這種通用的分層結構，並開始將其分解為你自己的結構。

So, here's a project and in this specific one,

是以，這裡有一個項目，而且是一個特殊的項目、

uh, you may work on uh projects that include phases.

呃，您可能會參與包括階段性工作在內的項目。

So, there may be a phase one, phase two or other multiple phases.

是以，可能會有第一階段、第二階段或其他多個階段。

This one has two phases and a deliverable, a main high high level deliverable produced.

這個項目有兩個階段和一個交付成果，一個主要的高水平交付成果。

And this also has sub projects, so this also can include sub projects that are broken down as well.

這還包括子項目，是以也可以包括細分的子項目。

But if you look at phase one and break down this, this has two deliverables beneath the phase, so it's producing two main deliverables.

但是，如果你看一下第一階段並將其分解，這個階段下有兩個可交付成果，所以它產生了兩個主要的可交付成果。

And so we look at what's the work required to produce these deliverables.

是以，我們要看看生產這些可交付成果需要做哪些工作。

So, we keep breaking it down, we break it down to the work.

是以，我們要不斷分解，分解到工作中去。

The work, the work to be executed, so work is executed by work packages.

工作，即要執行的工作，是以工作是通過工作包來執行的。

So, this deliverable one is broken down to other sub deliverables and which are broken down eventually to work packages.

是以，第一項可交付成果被分解為其他子可交付成果，而這些子可交付成果最終又被分解為工作包。

And remember, your team members are completing work packages

請記住，您的團隊成員正在完成工作包

that produce these deliverables.

產生這些交付成果。

And again, this can continue to be broken down.

這一點還可以繼續細分。

But this simply is a work breakdown structure, I think it's very important to understand the definition and the structure, the purpose and how we do this.

但這只是一個工作分解結構，我認為了解其定義和結構、目的以及我們如何做到這一點非常重要。

Truly, a picture is worth a thousand words.

真可謂一圖勝千言。

And I hope this one helps you for your teams and your projects.

希望這篇文章能對你的團隊和項目有所幫助。

At projectmanager.com, we believe firmly in work breakdown structures and that they do and can create a picture that's worth a thousand words for you and your team.

在 projectmanager.com，我們堅信工作分解結構，它們能夠為您和您的團隊創造出勝過千言萬語的畫面。

So, if you need a tool that can help you decompose the work done on your project, then sign up for our software at projectmanager.com.

是以，如果您需要一款能幫您分解項目工作的工具，請登錄 projectmanager.com 註冊我們的軟件。