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  • What is polarisation?

    什麼是極化?

  • Light bouncing off objects allows us to see them.

    光在物體上的反彈使我們能夠看到物體。

  • Light is an oscillating electromagnetic wave.

    光是一種振盪的電磁波。

  • We see different frequencies of that oscillation as different colours.

    我們看到不同頻率的振盪呈現出不同的顏色。

  • The electric field component of a light wave can oscillate in any direction perpendicular to the direction of travel. Light from the sun oscillates in all directions, we say it is unpolarised.

    光波的電場分量可以在垂直於傳播方向的任何方向上振盪。來自太陽的光可以在所有方向上振盪,我們稱之為非極化光。

  • If the waves have a preferred direction of oscillation, they are polarised.

    如果波有偏好的振盪方向,它們就是極化的。

  • For example, light from your phone is vertically polarised.

    例如,手機發出的光線是垂直偏振的。

  • Your polarised sunglasses are a polarised filter.

    你的偏光太陽鏡就是一個偏光濾鏡。

  • Here, they let vertical polarisation through.

    在這裡,它們允許垂直極化通過。

  • If we rotate them, almost all the polarised light gets blocked. Light produced by a torch is unpolarised.

    如果我們旋轉它們,幾乎所有的偏振光都會被擋住。手電筒發出的光沒有偏振。

  • When we place a polarised filter in between, the light becomes polarised.

    當我們在兩者之間放置一個偏振濾光片時,光線就變成了偏振光。

  • In space, randomly moving hot gas or plasma emits unpolarised light, like the torch.

    在太空中,隨機移動的熱氣體或等離子體會發出非偏振光,就像火炬一樣。

  • Plasma threaded by a magnetic field is ordered and the emitted light is polarised.

    被磁場穿透的等離子體是有序的,發出的光也是偏振的。

  • The magnetic field acts as a polarised filter.The strong gravity near a black hole bends the magnetic field and twists the polarisation direction of the light from the surrounding plasma.

    黑洞附近的強大引力會使磁場彎曲,扭曲來自周圍等離子體的光的偏振方向。

  • The polarised light rays that manage to escape travel to a distant camera.

    僥倖逃脫的偏振光射向遠處的照相機。

  • The intensity of the light rays and their direction are what we observe with the Event Horizon Telescope.

    我們用事件視界望遠鏡觀測到的是光線的強度和方向。

  • Using this knowledge, we can map out the magnetic fields that surround black holes.

    利用這些知識,我們可以繪製出黑洞周圍的磁場圖。

What is polarisation?

什麼是極化?

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