Name: 庫爾斯克賭局：俄羅斯和烏克蘭如何計劃智取對方 | WSJ (Kursk Gamble: How Russia and Ukraine Plan to Outmaneuver Each Other | WSJ)
Uploaded: 2024-08-26T11:24:59.000Z
Duration: 3 min 52 s

情態副詞

As Ukrainian forces blow up bridges and push deeper into the Russian Kursk region, some 200 miles to the southeast, Russian troops are conducting a strategically important offensive on the logistical hub of Pokrovsk.

在烏克蘭軍隊炸燬橋樑並向東南約 200 英里處的俄羅斯庫爾斯克地區挺進的同時，俄羅斯軍隊正在對後勤樞紐波克羅夫斯克發動一場具有重要戰略意義的攻勢。

While there's a lot of attention on what Ukrainian forces are doing in the Kursk region of Russia, that doesn't change the fundamentals on the main battlefield of the war in eastern Ukraine.

雖然烏克蘭軍隊在俄羅斯庫爾斯克地區的所作所為備受關注，但這並不能改變烏克蘭東部戰爭主戰場的基本情況。

Here's how the Kursk invasion steps up stakes for both Kyiv and Moscow.

對基輔和莫斯科來說，庫爾斯克入侵事件都是利害攸關的大事。

In early August, Ukraine launched an unprecedented invasion into Russia's border region of Kursk, seizing hundreds of square miles of territory.

8 月初，烏克蘭向俄羅斯邊境地區庫爾斯克發動了史無前例的入侵，奪取了數百平方英里的領土。

Some military experts believe Ukrainian forces are now attempting to dig in.

一些軍事專家認為，烏克蘭部隊目前正試圖掘進。

Ukrainian troops, they've gained a foothold.

Russia is trying to hit back with air power to make up for its lack of manpower on the ground in the area.

俄羅斯正試圖用空中力量進行反擊，以彌補其在該地區地面力量的不足。

But Ukraine has deployed air defense missiles to try to limit the impact of Russian air power.

但烏克蘭已經部署了防空飛彈，試圖限制俄羅斯空中力量的影響。

Ukraine has also been using the US-made HIMARS rocket systems to target Russia's reinforcements and infrastructure.

烏克蘭還一直在使用美國製造的 HIMARS 火箭系統瞄準俄羅斯的增援部隊和基礎設施。

Moscow said that the systems were used to strike at least one of the three bridges over the River Seim in the Kursk region.

莫斯科說，這些系統被用來攻擊庫爾斯克地區塞姆河上三座橋樑中的至少一座。

Russian military bloggers claim Ukraine has destroyed or damaged all three.

俄羅斯軍事博客稱，烏克蘭已經摧毀或損壞了所有這三處。

Videos released by the Ukrainian military also show attacks on a Russian pontoon and units on the same river.

烏克蘭軍方公佈的視頻還顯示，俄軍浮橋和部隊在同一條河上遭到襲擊。

Military analysts say these attacks could potentially trap Russian forces between the river and the Ukrainian advance, as well as impact Russian logistics.

軍事分析家說，這些襲擊有可能將俄軍困在河流和烏克蘭推進部隊之間，並影響俄軍的後勤。

Some military experts say one of Kyiv's goals is to force Russia to relocate its troops from the front line in the north and the east, where Ukrainians have been struggling to contain Moscow's offensive.

一些軍事專家說，基輔的目標之一是迫使俄羅斯將其軍隊從北部和東部的前線調離，烏克蘭人一直在努力遏制莫斯科的攻勢。

Two weeks into the Kursk invasion, the Kremlin appears to have different priorities.

入侵庫爾斯克兩週後，克里姆林宮似乎有了不同的優先考慮。

The Russians are mounting concerted efforts in several points along the front line, and they've made advances towards the logistical hub of Pokrovsk in recent weeks.

俄軍正在前線的幾個地點協同作戰，最近幾周他們已經向後勤中心波克羅夫斯克推進。

The city, with a pre-war population of some 60,000 people in the Donetsk region, is under increasing Russian pressure.

該市位於頓涅茨克地區，戰前人口約為 6 萬人，目前正受到俄羅斯越來越大的壓力。

In mid-August, local authorities announced evacuation of civilians from Pokrovsk.

8 月中旬，地方當局宣佈從波克羅夫斯克疏散平民。

If the city falls, it will be the largest population center taken by the Russians since Bakhmut in May 2023.

如果該城淪陷，它將成為自 2023 年 5 月巴赫穆特城淪陷以來被俄軍佔領的最大人口中心。

Pokrovsk is a city that major roads run through, railways, which are then supplying Ukraine's troops in the east and enabling them to keep up the fight against Russian forces.

波克羅夫斯克是一座城市，有主要公路和鐵路穿過，這些公路和鐵路為烏克蘭在東部的部隊提供補給，使他們能夠繼續與俄羅斯軍隊作戰。

Losing Pokrovsk would sever a vital artery, supplying troops fighting in the city of Chasiv Yar, which lies on heights that hold the key to controlling the region.

失去波克羅夫斯克將切斷一條重要動脈，為在恰希夫亞爾市作戰的部隊提供補給，而恰希夫亞爾市位於控制該地區的關鍵高地上。

Both Kyiv and Moscow struggle with manpower, and military analysts say both have to make high-risk choices.

基輔和莫斯科都在人力方面苦苦掙扎，軍事分析家說，雙方都必須做出高風險的選擇。

US officials believe Russia will need more than 20,000 properly trained personnel to retake Ukrainian-held territory.

美國官員認為，俄羅斯需要 2 萬多名訓練有素的人員來奪回烏克蘭控制的領土。

Even after withdrawing some of its military forces from less-critical fronts to fight in the Kursk region, Russia has yet to displace Ukraine's troops.

即使俄羅斯將其部分軍隊從不太重要的前線撤至庫爾斯克地區作戰，但仍未將烏克蘭軍隊趕走。

But it has intensified its offensive in eastern Ukraine.

但它加強了在烏克蘭東部的攻勢。

Ukraine judges it can devote some of its best forces to its operation in Kursk without allowing Russian forces to break through in eastern Ukraine, while Russia is yet to divert significant forces to Kursk from its offensives elsewhere.

烏克蘭認為，它可以將部分精銳部隊投入庫爾斯克行動，而不會讓俄羅斯部隊突破烏克蘭東部，而俄羅斯尚未從其他地方的攻勢中抽調大量部隊前往庫爾斯克。

 The following weeks and months will show whose gamble pays off.

接下來的幾個星期和幾個月將會證明誰的賭注得到了回報。