How well do you know yourself?

你對自己有多了解？

If you clicked on this video, you probably want to gain some more insight into your own psychology and personality.

如果你點擊了這部影片，你大概是想對自己的心理和個性有更多的理解。

We've already covered the Myers-Briggs; today, we're talking about the HEXACO Personality Inventory.

我們已經介紹過 Myers-Briggs 十六型人格測驗，今天要來討論 HEXACO 六維人格測驗。

The HEXACO was developed by Kibeom Lee and Michael C. Ashton in 2000 and measures the six dimensions of a personality.

HEXACO 是由 Kibeom Lee 和 Michael C. Ashton 在 2000 年提出，並衡量人格的六個維度。

All of the HEXACO dimensions are on a spectrum.

HEXACO 所有維度都是在一個範圍之內。

You can score very low, very high, or somewhere in-between.

你的分數可以極低、極高或是落在中間某處。

Stay tuned to find out your HEXACO score.

請鎖定影片已找到自己的 HEXACO 分數。

Let's go.

開始吧！

H is for honesty and humility.

H 表示「誠實」與「謙遜」。

According to Lee and Ashton, if you have a high score in honesty-humility, you probably don't manipulate others to get what you want.

根據 Lee 和 Ashton 所說，如果你「誠實-謙遜」分數很高，大概不會操控他人以獲取自己所需。

You aren't interested in breaking rules or achieving a high social status.

你對於破壞規則或是獲得高社會地位都不感興趣。

You see yourself as equal to your friends rather than above them, and you don't care much about having expensive things or living a luxurious lifestyle.

你認為自己與朋友平等，而不是在他們之上，你也不太在意是否擁有昂貴的物品或奢侈的生活方式。

A 2009 study published in the "Journal of Research in Personality" showed that

2009 年發表在《人格研究雜誌》上的一項研究指出，

people who are higher in honesty-humility are more likely to cooperate and act fairly when given a hypothetical choice in how to divide money between themselves and someone else.

「誠實-謙遜」度較高的人更有可能合作，並當被賦予如何在自己和別人之間分錢的假設選擇時，公平處理。

They chose to split it equally rather than keep it for themselves, even if there weren't any consequences for taking the money.

他們會選擇平分，而不是把錢留給自己，即使把錢拿走不會有任何後果。

On the other hand, people who have a low score of honesty-humility are more likely to break the rules and flatter others to get ahead.

另一方面，「誠實-謙遜」分數低的人，較有可能破壞規則並為了出人頭地而奉承他人。

They feel very self-important and are highly motivated by money and materialistic goals.

他們覺得自己非常重要，並受到金錢和物質目標高度激勵。

E is for emotionality.

E 是指「情緒化」。

Take a moment to think about the relationships in your life.

花點時間想想你生活中的所有關係。

Do you heavily empathize with your friends when they feel down and lean on them for emotional support?

當你的朋友感到沮喪時，你是否會極度同情他們，並依靠他們獲得情感支持？

This is a sign that you are high in emotionality.

這是說明你「情緒化」程度很高的跡象。

If you score high in this factor, you might also feel anxious, especially in situations that are physically dangerous, and have a hard time dealing with stressful situations.

如果你在這個面向得分很高，你可能會感到焦慮（尤其是在具有身體危險的情況）並難以應付高壓力的情境。

But maybe you feel the opposite.

但或許你的感覺恰恰相反。

You don't really feel compelled to talk to your friends about your problems.

你不太覺得有必要跟朋友討論你的問題。

You don't form strong attachments with them.

你不會形成與他們的強烈聯繫。

And you don't get too worried in dangerous or stressful situations.

而你在危險或有壓力的情況下也不會太擔心。

According to Lee and Ashton, these traits indicate that you might be low in emotionality.

據 Lee 和 Ashton 所說，這些特質表示你的「情緒化」程度可能低下。

Researchers suggest that emotionality may have an evolutionary benefit.

研究人員間接表明，「情緒化」可能有演化層面的好處。

Those who score high in this factor tend to seek and give emotional support, supporting others in our tribe.

在這個面向得高分的人，傾向會尋求並給予情感支柱，支持部落內的其他人。

And getting this support in return allows us to form mutually beneficial relationships that increase our odds of survival.

而獲得同等支持回報讓我們能夠形成互惠的關係，提升我們生存的機率。

X is for⏤OK, this is kind of cheating, but extraversion.

X 是表示——好了，這裡有點投機，但它表示「外向性」。

Studies show that, out of all the HEXACO factors, extraversion is the most strongly associated with well-being.

各項研究顯示，HEXACO 所有面向當中，「外向性」與幸福感最強烈相關。

According to a study published in "Personality and Individual Differences", the higher someone scored in extraversion, the more likely they were to report higher levels of happiness and life satisfaction.

根據發表在《人格與個體差異》上的一項研究指出，某人「外向性」得分越高，他們就越有可能回報更高程度的幸福感和生活滿意度。

Someone who is highly extraverted loves to go to parties and socialize.

一個高度外向的人熱愛參加派對和社交。

They are confident, highly energetic, and optimistic.

他們有自信、極有活力且樂觀。

If you're low in extraversion, you might not be too enthusiastic about going out and meeting new people.

如果你的「外向性」低，你可能對於外出認識新朋友沒有太大的熱忱。

You might also struggle to feel confident⏤especially in large groups⏤and feel that you are not well-liked by others.

你可能也難以感到有信心，尤其是在群眾中，並覺得自己不太被他人喜歡。

A is for agreeableness.

A 指的是「親和性」。

A high level of agreeableness means that you are forgiving, nonjudgmental, and cooperative.

擁有高度的「親和性」表示你寬容、不批判且願意合作。

You tend to get along well with others and don't get mad easily.

你傾向於與他人相處融洽、不輕易發火。

If you score low in agreeableness, you might find it difficult to forgive people who hurt you.

如果你的「親和性」分數低，你可能會難以原諒傷害你的人。

You may get angry quickly when someone doesn't treat you well, you strongly defend your point of view, and you can easily find flaws in others.

當有人不善待你時，你可能很快就會生氣、會強烈地捍衛自己的觀點，且很容易找到別人的缺點。

According to a study by DeFries and colleagues, interestingly, people who are low in agreeableness were rated by others as being less likable but more popular than those who are high in agreeableness.

德弗里斯及其同事的研究指出一件有趣的事，「親和性」低的人被他人評價為不太討人喜歡，但比「親和性」高的人更受歡迎。

This could be because the less agreeable someone is, the more money they tend to make.

這可能是因為某個人「親和性」越低，他們賺的錢往往就越多。

So, their peers might admire them because they're successful but may find it difficult to get along with them.

所以他們的同儕可能因為他們的成就而仰慕他們，但認為與他們相處很難。

C is for conscientiousness.

C 代表了「責任心」。

Highly conscientious people are disciplined and organized.

責任感高的人自律且有條理。

Some people might consider them to be perfectionists.

有些人可能會認為他們是完美主義者。

They are neat, manage their time well, work diligently to meet their goals, and are highly accurate in their work.

他們整潔、良好地管理時間、勤奮地達成自身目標，且工作高度精確。

They also tend to think through all of their options before making a decision.

他們在做出決策時，也傾向徹底地考量所有選擇。

Does this sound like you?

這聽起來像你嗎？

If so, you might score high in this trait.

如果是這樣，你可能在這個面向得到高分。

This also might be a Hermione type, you know, really good in school.

這也可能指向「妙麗」型人物，你知道的，在學校表現極好。

A study published in the "European Journal of Personality" found that people who are high in conscientiousness are also more likely to perform well academically.

發表在《歐洲人格期刊》中一項研究發現，「責任心」高的人也更有可能在學業上表現良好。

People who are low in conscientiousness don't care as much about keeping a well-organized schedule or a clean workspace.

「責任心」低的人則不太在乎保持一個井然有序或乾淨的工作空間。

They don't enjoy setting goals that are hard to accomplish and aren't too bothered if they make a mistake.

他們不喜歡設定難以完成的目標，如果犯了錯誤也不太在意。

They can be somewhat impulsive and quick decision-makers.

他們可能有些衝動且是快速決策的人。

A real Weasley, if you know what I mean.

徹頭徹底的「衛斯理」人，懂我的意思吧。

And finally, O is for openness to experience.

最後，O 則是表示「對經驗的開放性」。

If you are high in openness to experience, you might be known as the artsy one in your friend group.

如果你「對經驗的開放性」程度高，你可能會在朋友圈中會被稱為藝術家。

The one who loves nature, could spend hours in a gallery, and is very imaginative.

那個喜愛大自然、可以在美術館待上數小時且非常有想像力的人。

You may also be a very curious person who's interested in learning about new topics, especially if they are unconventional.

你也可能是一個非常好奇的人，有興趣瞭解新主題，尤其如果它們是非常規的。

Can't relate to any of these traits?

對這些特徵無法感同身受嗎？

Then you might be low in openness to experience.

那你「對經驗的開放性」可能低下。

You might not be very interested in doing creative things, and the idea of going to an art gallery just sounds boring.

你可能不太有興趣做具創意性的事，前往美術館的想法聽起來也很無聊。

You might not be particularly excited about learning new things or hearing other's ideas.

你對於學習新事物或是聆聽他人想法可能也不太興奮。

When looking for a romantic partner, you might want to consider whether the level of openness to experience and honesty-humility matches yours.

當你在找尋浪漫伴侶時，可能會想考慮對方「對經驗的開放性」與「誠實-謙遜」與你是否匹配。

A study by Liu and colleagues found that, when partners are similar in these traits or at least perceived themselves to be similar, they have higher relationship satisfaction.

劉和同事的一項研究發現，當伴侶在這些特質上相似或至少認為彼此相似時，他們的關係滿意度更高。

Wherever you fall in the HEXACO or any other personality model, remember that there are no good or bad personality types.

無論你在 HEXACO 或是其它人格測試中的結果為何，請記住，人格類型沒有好壞之分。

Someone who is introverted, for example, is no better or worse than someone who is extraverted.

例如，一個內向的人並不比一個外向的人好或壞。

They are simply different.

他們只是不同。

The variety of different traits that we possess is part of what makes human beings so fascinating.

我們所擁有的不同特質是讓人類如此迷人的原因之一。

Your personality is beautiful and contributes to the much-needed diversity of ideas and temperaments in the world.

你的個性很美好，且對於世界所亟需的想法和性格多樣化有所貢獻。

We hope this video helped you understand and appreciate the things that make you you.

我們希望這部影片幫助你了解並欣賞你之所以是你的元素。

Want to take the HEXACO questionnaire for free?

想要免費填寫 HEXACO 問卷嗎？

Click on the link in the description box below and get your results right away.

點擊下方敘述欄中的連結並立刻取得結果。

You can go to hexaco.org/hexaco-online.

你可以前往 hexaco.org/hexaco-online。

Share your scores in the comments section and see if you are similar to others in our community.

請在評論區分享你的結果，看看我們的社群中是否有與你相似的人。

If you want to see more videos that help you understand yourself and others, subscribe and hit the like button.

如果你想要觀看更多有助於你了解自己與他人的影片，請訂閱並點贊。

Thanks for watching.

謝謝觀看。