"The upside of your dark side"

"你的黑暗面的優勢"

a book by Todd Kashdan and Robert Biswas-Diener.

託德-卡什丹和羅伯特-比斯瓦斯-迪納的書。

Two pioneering researchers in the field of psychology,

心理學領域的兩位先驅研究者。

who argue that happiness makes us sad

認為幸福使人悲傷的人

and mindfulness might be overrated.

和心態可能被高估了。

Kashdan and Biswas-Diener argue that psychological health

Kashdan和Biswas-Diener認為，心理健康

means wholeness rather than happiness.

意思是完整，而不是幸福。

And that traits we all construed to be negative

而這種特徵我們都理解為是負面的

are actually essential parts of wellbeing, like anxiety.

實際上是福祉的重要組成部分，如焦慮。

Wouldn't it be great to get rid

如果能擺脫這一切，那不是很好嗎？

of our anxiety once and for all?

一勞永逸地消除我們的焦慮？

Well, do you also wanna stop enjoying horror movies

那麼，你是否也想停止欣賞恐怖電影呢？

and be bored on roller coasters

並對雲霄飛車感到厭煩

and less prepared for earthquakes or floods?

而對地震或洪水的準備不足？

I'm gonna say no.

我想說不。

And on top of all these things,

而在所有這些事情之上。

anxious people are far more vigilant than their peers.

焦慮的人比他們的同齡人要警覺得多。

So anxiety stimulates our brains,

所以焦慮會刺激我們的大腦。

making us more alert and attentive to potential danger.

使我們對潛在的危險更加警惕和注意。

Anxiety not only makes you pay more attention

焦慮不僅使你更加關注

to cues in the world,

對世界上的線索。

but it actually heightens perception.

但它實際上提高了感知能力。

Research has shown that people can see greater distances

研究表明，人們可以看到更遠的距離

when they're anxious.

當他們焦慮的時候。

Take that LASIK I don't need you anymore.

拿著LASIK，我不再需要你了。

My anxiety is giving me super powers.

我的焦慮給了我超能力。

And when we're anxious we even enjoy

而當我們焦慮的時候，我們甚至喜歡

a sharper sense of hearing.

更敏銳的聽覺。

Anxious people are more likely to react swiftly

焦慮的人更有可能做出迅速的反應

and find solutions when there is perceived trouble.

並在認為有麻煩的時候找到解決方案。

Or what about anger, right?

或者說憤怒呢，對嗎？

Would you guess that anger actually enhances creativity

你會猜到，憤怒實際上會增強創造力嗎？

and increases your authority?

並增加你的權威？

And you don't even have to be the person who's angry.

而且你甚至不需要是那個生氣的人。

You can actually use another person's anger

你實際上可以利用另一個人的憤怒

to crank up your own creativity.

來提高你自己的創造力。

Specifically receiving angry feedback

特別是收到憤怒的反饋

increases both the quality of our ideas

既提高了我們想法的品質

and their originality.

和他們的原創性。

So in an experiment, participants were instructed

是以在一個實驗中，參與者被訓示

to come up with as many as possible uses for a brick

為一塊磚頭想出儘可能多的用途

as they could.

因為他們可以。

However, before beginning the task,

然而，在開始任務之前。

some of the participants had received very angry feedback

一些參與者收到了非常憤怒的反饋

on another assignment.

在另一項任務上。

The results, the angry feedback

結果，憤怒的反饋

enhanced the creativity of those participants

增強了這些參與者的創造力

who preferred to feel in control.

他更願意感到自己處於控制之中。

They found more uses for the brick

他們為磚頭找到了更多的用途

than those who had previously been given neutral feedback.

比起那些以前得到過中性反饋的人，他們更願意接受。

And what's more,

而且更重要的是。

their ideas were much more original.

他們的想法更為新穎。

Ideas such as carrying the brick around in a backpack

諸如將磚頭裝在揹包裡隨身攜帶的想法

as a way to exercise.

作為一種鍛鍊的方式。

In addition, anger can enhance your authority.

此外，憤怒可以增強你的權威。

As angry people are often viewed as being more powerful

由於憤怒的人往往被視為更有力量

than their happier counterparts.

比他們更快樂的同行。

Demonstrating anger can actually give you leverage

表現出憤怒實際上可以給你帶來籌碼

during negotiations.

談判期間。

Now, of course there's definitely a line

現在，當然肯定有一條線

between like healthy anger

像健康的憤怒之間

and then just like verbally or emotionally abusing someone.

然後就像在口頭上或情感上虐待別人。

So don't just start screaming at people you love

所以不要一開始就對你愛的人大喊大叫

for no reason.

無緣無故。

And if you've ever felt guilty for feeling guilty,

而如果你曾經因為感到內疚。

I'm happy to inform you that guilt is a ton of benefits.

我很高興地告訴你，內疚是有一噸的好處。

Guilt not only motivates us to repair any damage we've done,

內疚不僅促使我們修復我們所做的任何損害。

but it helps us respect moral boundaries.

但它有助於我們尊重道德底線。

Guilt is a terrible feeling.

內疚是一種可怕的感覺。

So we avoid actions that are gonna make us feel that way.

所以我們避免那些會讓我們產生這種感覺的行動。

Researchers have found that adults

研究人員發現，成年人

who are prone to react with strong feelings of guilt

容易產生強烈內疚感的人

are less likely to engage

不太可能參與

in harmful behaviors like drunk driving,

在有害的行為，如酒後駕駛。

assaulting others or theft.

毆打他人或盜竊。

Now, there is a difference though, they note,

現在，他們指出，雖然有區別。

between guilt and shame.

愧疚和羞恥之間。

Though we have benefits by feeling

雖然我們有好處，通過感覺

and avoiding feelings of guilt,

並避免內疚的感覺。

shame, wholly unhelpful.

恥辱，完全沒有幫助。

Guilt causes us to want to take responsibility.

內疚使我們想要承擔責任。

Whereas shame makes us wanna sweep everything under the rug

而羞恥感讓我們想把一切都掃到地毯下。

in self-preservation.

在自我保護方面。

Anxiety, anger, guilt, okay these are all pretty solid.

焦慮、憤怒、內疚，好吧，這些都是很實在的。

You probably could have guessed them

你可能已經猜到了他們

but what about narcissistic traits?

但自戀的特質呢？

Can they make you more productive, creative, and successful?

它們能使你更有生產力，更有創造力，更成功嗎？

I mean, surely the hallmarks of narcissism

我的意思是，自戀的標誌肯定是

excessive admiration seeking,

過度尋求欽佩。

a grandiose sense of importance and entitlement,

一種宏大的重要性和權利感。

can't be good for you.

不可能對你有好處。

Oh yes they can.

哦，是的，他們可以。

Narcissistic people are more likely

自戀的人更有可能

to reach the ambitious goals they've set for themselves

以達到他們為自己設定的宏偉目標

because they feel entitled to pursue them.

因為他們覺得有權追求這些東西。

They're less impeded by self doubt

他們較少受到自我懷疑的阻礙

even when the odds are stacked against them.

即使是在困難重重的情況下。

And they believe that they're entitled to success

而且他們相信他們有權獲得成功

willing to give anything and everything to succeed,

願意為成功付出一切和一切。

stand out and win the admiration of others.

脫穎而出，贏得他人的欽佩。

These character traits are pretty off off-putting

這些性格特徵是相當令人反感的

but what happens when the person displaying them

但當展示它們的人發生了什麼

is a medical researcher deciphering the human genome

是一名破譯人類基因組的醫學研究人員。

or trying to cure cancer?

還是試圖治癒癌症？

Great reframe, furthermore narcissism can actually

偉大的重塑，此外，自戀實際上可以

enhance your creativity.

提高你的創造力。

Since narcissists are so sure of their individuality

既然自戀者對自己的個性如此肯定

and brilliance, what's that like?

和輝煌，那是什麼感覺？

They are more likely to consider ideas

他們更有可能考慮想法

that others may dismiss as just too freaking weird.

其他人可能會認為這太奇怪了而不屑一顧。

They have a considerable amount of creative freedom

他們有相當大的創作自由

because they pay very little attention to common conventions

因為他們很少注意到共同的慣例

and the assumptions of other lesser people.

和其他較小的人的假設。

Now, if narcism wasn't surprising enough for you

現在，如果自戀對你來說還不夠驚奇的話

how about psychopathic traits?

心理變態的特徵如何？

There's no way that those can be good, right?

這些不可能是好的，對嗎？

I mean, in popular culture,

我的意思是，在流行文化中。

every psychopath we know is a murderer,

我們知道的每個精神病患者都是殺人犯。

but in real life psychopaths are more likely to be

但在現實生活中，精神病患者更有可能是

in the police force or doctors.

在警察部隊或醫生。

Yes psychopathy is often characterized

是的，精神變態的特點往往是

with a ton of what we would consider negative traits.

有一大堆我們認為的負面特徵。

However, psychopaths are incredibly useful to society.

然而，精神病患者對社會來說是非常有用的。

Due to their emotional detachment and shallow emotion,

由於他們的情感疏離和淺薄的情感。

they're better at handling crises

他們更善於處理危機

such as terrorist attacks or hostage situations.

如恐怖襲擊或人質情況。

And psychopaths also make better leaders.

而且精神病患者也能成為更好的領導者。

In a study, 121 experts were asked to evaluate

在一項研究中，121名專家被要求評估

the president's personality traits

總統的性格特徵

and leadership performance.

和上司業績。

The researchers took this data

研究人員將這些數據

and estimated both leadership performance

並估計了領導力的表現

and psychopathic traits from each president's biography.

和每個總統傳記中的精神變態的特徵。

Those precedents with more psychopathic traits

那些具有更多精神變態特徵的先例

were better leadership performers,

是更好的領導力表現者。

proving to be more persuasive, willing to take more risks

證明是更有說服力的，願意承擔更多的風險

and more likely to keep a positive relationship

並更有可能保持積極的關係

with Congress.

與國會。

Plus they were more adept at handling crises

另外，他們更善於處理危機

than their non psychopathic counterparts.

比起他們的非精神病患者，他們有更多的選擇。

Anxiety, anger, guilt, narcissism, psychopathy,

焦慮、憤怒、內疚、自戀、心理變態。

though we view these traits as bad

雖然我們認為這些特徵是壞的

and often do whatever we can to avoid them,

並經常盡我們所能來避免它們。

Kashdan and Biswas-Diener have shown me

Kashdan和Biswas-Diener向我展示了

that negative feelings are an essential part of wholeness.

負面情緒是整體性的一個重要組成部分。

What I see as anxiety is actually a vigilance.

我所看到的焦慮實際上是一種警覺性。

Anger is great motivation, guilt sets my moral boundaries.

憤怒是巨大的動力，內疚為我設定了道德底線。

Narcissism gives me the confidence to chase my dreams

自戀給了我追逐夢想的信心

and psychopathy I mean, I don't have any of that

和心理變態，我的意思是，我沒有任何這種情況。

so it's fine.

所以，這很好。

I'm Anna Akana and thank you to the Patreons

我是安娜-阿卡納，感謝贊助人的支持

who supported today's video.

支持今天視頻的人。

And of course, thank you always to daddy Squarespace

當然，也要感謝Squarespace的爸爸。

for sponsoring today's episode.

為今天的節目提供贊助。

Daddy Squarespace is an all-in-one platform

爸爸Squarespace是一個多合一的平臺

to build a beautiful online presence and run your business.

來建立一個美麗的在線存在並運行你的業務。

Complete with marketing tools and analytics

完整的營銷工具和分析方法

to have your website be the best sugar-baby she can be.

讓你的網站成為她能成為的最好的糖寶寶。

For all of you who love to create audio content,

對於所有喜歡創建音頻內容的人來說。

you can use audio blocks

你可以使用音頻塊

which allows you to embed audio on your site

它允許你在你的網站上嵌入音頻

and then you can tag the audio for iTunes

然後你可以為iTunes標記音頻

when your audio block is placed in a blog,

當你的音頻塊被放置在博客中時。

plus you can have multiple contributors

加上你可以有多個貢獻者

receive selective access to your site's website manager.

接受有選擇地訪問你的網站的網站管理員。

And don't worry,

而且不要擔心。

you own all the content that you put on

你擁有你放在網上的所有內容

the daddy Squarespace platform.

父輩的Squarespace平臺。

It offers one click data portability.

它提供了一鍵式數據移植功能。

Head to squarespace.com for a free trial.

請到squarespace.com網站進行免費試用。

And whenever you're ready to launch

而每當你準備推出

go to squarespace.com/Anna

轉到squarespace.com/Anna

to save 10% off your first purchase of a website or domain.

以節省您首次購買網站或域名的10%折扣。

Daddy Squarespace is a square daddy.

爸爸Squarespace是一個方形的爸爸。