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  • Hello. This is 6 Minute English from

    你好。這裡是6分鐘英語,來自

  • BBC Learning English.

    BBC學習英語。

  • I’m Neil.

    我是尼爾。

  • And I’m Sam.

    而我是山姆。

  • For centuries the relationship between

    幾個世紀以來,在

  • humans and bats has been complex.

    人類和蝙蝠的關係一直很複雜。

  • In some cultures bats are depicted as vampires,

    在一些文化中,蝙蝠被描繪成吸血鬼。

  • associated with Halloween, witches and dark,

    與萬聖節、女巫和黑暗有關。

  • scary places.

    可怕的地方。

  • In others they are considered

    在其他國家,他們被認為是

  • messengers of the gods.

    諸神的使者。

  • Bats play an important part in stories and myths

    蝙蝠在故事和神話中扮演著重要角色

  • from around the world.

    來自世界各地的。

  • And a large illuminated

    還有一個大型的照明燈

  • bat signalshining in the night sky can mean only one thing

  • a call for help to the superhero, Batman!

    向超級英雄蝙蝠俠求救!

  • So do we love or hate these furry flying animals?

    那麼我們是愛還是恨這些毛茸茸的飛行動物呢?

  • And with some newspaper headlines identifying bats

    並用一些報紙頭條來識別蝙蝠

  • as the possible source of Covid-19,

    作為Covid-19的可能來源。

  • should we think of them as friend or enemy?

    我們應該把他們看作是朋友還是敵人?

  • Well be answering all these questions soon, but first,

    我們將很快回答所有這些問題,但首先。

  • Neil, time for another interesting bat fact.

    尼爾,是時候說說另一個有趣的蝙蝠事實了。

  • Did you know that bats account for

    你知道嗎,蝙蝠佔了

  • 1 in 5 of all mammal species?

    所有哺乳動物物種中的1/5?

  • There’s a huge variety of them, from tiny fruit-eating bats

    它們的種類繁多,從小小的吃水果的蝙蝠

  • that fit into the palm of your hand to giant carnivores,

    從適合手掌大小的食物到巨型食肉動物。

  • or meat-eaters.

    或食肉者。

  • That’s right.

    這就對了。

  • In fact it’s the variety of bat types that

    事實上,正是由於蝙蝠類型的多樣性,使得

  • might explain our complex feelings towards them.

    也許可以解釋我們對他們的複雜感情。

  • So, Sam, my quiz question is this: roughly how

    所以,山姆,我的問答問題是:大概有多少

  • many different species of bat are there worldwide?

    全世界有多少種不同的蝙蝠?

  • Is it:

    是的。

  • a) one and a half thousand?

    a) 一千五百元?

  • b) two and a half thousand? or,

    b) 兩千五百元? 或。

  • c) three and a half thousand?

    c) 三千五百元?

  • Hmmm, I’ll say b) two and a half thousand.

    嗯,我說b)兩千五百元。

  • OK, Sam, well come back to that later in the programme.

    好的,薩姆,我們在節目中晚些時候再來討論這個問題。

  • Maybe not everyone likes them but bats do have some friends.

    也許不是每個人都喜歡他們,但蝙蝠確實有一些朋友。

  • Farmers love them for pollinating their plants

    農民們喜歡他們為植物授粉...

  • and medical scientists study them hoping to

    ......而醫學家們研究它們,希望能夠

  • discover the secrets of their anti-ageing and long life.

    發現其抗衰老和長壽的祕密。

  • Dr Winifred Frick is the chief scientist at

    威尼弗裡德-弗裡克博士是美國聯邦調查局的首席科學家。

  • Bat Conservation International, a group of

    蝙蝠保護國際組織,一個由

  • environmentalists working to protect bats.

    致力於保護蝙蝠的環保人士。

  • Here she is telling BBC World Service programme,

    她在這裡告訴英國廣播公司的世界服務節目。

  • The Documentary, about another useful service

    紀錄片,關於另一項有用的服務

  • provided by bats in the United States:

    由美國的蝙蝠提供。

  • Most bats are insectivorous and theyre really

    大多數蝙蝠是食蟲的,它們真的是

  • important consumers of different kinds of insect pests

    不同種類昆蟲害蟲的重要消費者

  • and here in the United States it’s been estimated that

    而在美國,據估計

  • bats provide billions of dollars every year to the US

    蝙蝠每年為美國提供數十億美元的資金

  • agricultural industry through their voracious

    貪婪的農業產業

  • consumption of agricultural pest insects.

    農業害蟲的消費。

  • Most bats eat only insectstheyre insectivores.

    大多數蝙蝠只吃昆蟲 - 它們是食蟲動物。

  • That’s good news for farmers because they eat many pests -

    這對農民來說是個好消息,因為它們會吃掉許多害蟲 --

  • insects or small animals that are harmful or damage crops.

    有害或損害農作物的昆蟲或小動物。

  • Even better, batsappetite for these annoying insects is voracious

    更妙的是,蝙蝠對這些惱人的昆蟲的胃口是貪婪的----。

  • very strong and eager.

    非常強大和渴望。

  • So far, so good in the friendship between humans and bats.

    到目前為止,人類和蝙蝠之間的友誼還不錯。

  • But then along came the coronavirus pandemic and with it,

    但後來冠狀病毒大流行,隨之而來的是。

  • newspaper reports that bats might be to blame.

    報紙報道,蝙蝠可能是罪魁禍首。

  • Before we get into this we need to explain some terms.

    在我們討論這個問題之前,我們需要解釋一些術語。

  • The Covid which people around the world have

    世界各地的人們所擁有的Covid

  • been suffering from is theoutbreak virus’.

    所患的是 "爆發性病毒"。

  • But if you go backwards there’s an intermediary

    但如果你向後看,有一箇中間人

  • known as theprogenitor virusbetween this and

    被稱為 "原生病毒",介於這兩者之間。

  • theancestral virus’, which is decades or centuries older.

    祖先病毒",它的歷史要比現在早幾十年或幾百年。

  • Ninety-nine percent of scientists would agree

    99%的科學家會同意

  • that theancestral virusof Covid-19 came from bats.

    Covid-19的 "祖先病毒 "來自蝙蝠。

  • But it’s the go-betweenprogenitor virus

    但它是介於兩者之間的 "原生病毒"。

  • that everyone is searching for now.

    每個人現在都在尋找的。

  • One of the scientists leading this search is Linfa Wang,

    上司這一搜索的科學家之一是王林法。

  • a professor at Duke Medical School who is known

    杜克大學醫學院的一位教授,他被稱為

  • as theBatman of Singapore’.

    作為 "新加坡的蝙蝠俠"。

  • Here he is explaining his

    在這裡,他正在解釋他的

  • work to BBC World Service’s, The Documentary:

    在英國廣播公司(BBC)世界服務部的《紀錄片》中工作。

  • Of course the holy grail right now for Covid-19

    當然,現在Covid-19的聖盃是什麼?

  • is to discover where is that progenitor virus and

    是要發現原生病毒在哪裡,以及在什麼地方。

  • also in which kind of animals or humans, right?

    也是在哪種動物或人類,對嗎?

  • And usually the progenitor virus has to be 99.9%

    而通常情況下,原代病毒必須是99.9%。

  • identical to the outbreak virus and so our study

    與爆發的病毒相同,是以我們的研究

  • was set up to do that.

    是為了做到這一點而設置的。

  • If you can catch that virus

    如果你能感染這種病毒

  • and you demonstrate the genomic sequence is

    而你展示的基因組序列是

  • 99.9% [identical] then that’s brilliant.

    99.9%[相同],那麼這就很好。

  • Professor Wang thinks that finding the source of

    王教授認為,要想找到

  • Covid-19’s ‘progenitor viruswould be like finding

    Covid-19的 "原生病毒 "就像找到了

  • the holy grail.

    聖盃。

  • This expression - the holy grail -

    這種表達方式------聖盃------。

  • is associated with the cup believed to have been

    是與據信是

  • used by Jesus Christ at his last meal.

    耶穌基督在他最後一餐時使用的。

  • It means

    這意味著

  • something extremely difficult to find or get.

    極難找到或得到的東西。

  • If you can discover theprogenitor virusthen,

    如果你能發現'原生病毒',那麼。

  • in the words of Professor Wangthat’s brilliant! –

    用王教授的話說--太精彩了!-

  • an exclamation meaningthat’s very good!’ oramazing!’

    意思是 "非常好!"或 "了不起!"的感嘆詞。

  • So although bats are sometimes, wrongly,

    是以,儘管蝙蝠有時被,錯誤地。

  • blamed for causing Covid, they are good friends to farmers,

    因造成Covid而受到指責,它們是農民的好朋友。

  • environmentalists and scientistsas well as vampires!

    環保主義者和科學家--以及吸血鬼!"。

  • So anyway, what was the answer to your quiz question, Neil.

    所以無論如何,你的問答問題的答案是什麼,尼爾。

  • Ah yes, I asked Sam how many different species

    啊,是的,我問山姆有多少種不同的物種

  • of bat are there around the world.

    世界各地都有蝙蝠的存在。

  • What did you say?

    你說什麼?

  • I said there were, b) two and a half thousand

    我說有,B)兩千五百人

  • different species of bats.

    不同種類的蝙蝠。

  • Was I right?

    我說的對嗎?

  • You were close, Sam, but the correct answer was

    你很接近了,山姆,但正確的答案是......。

  • a) there are one and a half thousand different

    a)有一千五百個不同的

  • species of bats around the world.

    世界各地的蝙蝠種類。

  • Let’s recap the vocabulary from this programme

    讓我們回顧一下這個節目中的詞彙

  • about the relationship between humans and bats,

    關於人類和蝙蝠之間的關係。

  • starting with carnivores which are animals that eat meat

    首先是食肉動物,即吃肉的動物...

  • Insectivores, meanwhile, are animals,

    同時,食蟲動物也是動物。

  • like most bats, that eat only insects.

    像大多數蝙蝠一樣,只吃昆蟲。

  • A pest is an insect or small animal

    害蟲是一種昆蟲或小動物

  • that is harmful or damages crops.

    有害的或損害農作物的。

  • Bats eat pests voraciously, or very eagerly.

    蝙蝠貪婪地吃害蟲,或者說非常急切地吃。

  • The holy grail refers to something that’s

    聖盃指的是一些

  • extremely difficult to find or get.

    極難找到或得到。

  • And finally, you can use the phrase, that’s brilliant!

    最後,你可以使用這句話,這很有意義!你可以用這句話。

  • to say, ‘that’s great!’ oramazing!’

    說,'這很好!'或'令人驚訝!'

  • Once again our six minutes are up.

    我們的六分鐘又一次到了。

  • See you again soon for more topical chats

    我們很快就會再見面,進行更多的專題討論。

  • and trending vocabulary here at 6 Minute English.

    和6分鐘英語的趨勢詞彙。

  • And don’t forget you can download our app

    別忘了,你可以下載我們的應用程序

  • to find programmes on many more topics,

    以找到更多主題的節目。

  • from African animals to zodiac signs and zombies,

    從非洲動物到十二生肖和殭屍。

  • all here on the BBC Learning English website.

    所有這些都在BBC學習英語網站上。

  • Bye for now!

    暫時再見

  • Bye bye!

    再見!

Hello. This is 6 Minute English from

你好。這裡是6分鐘英語,來自

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