None of this is founded in scientific research.

這一切都沒有建立在科學研究的基礎上。

I never get pistol but I do have a hard time feeling any physical pain.

我從未得過手槍，但我確實很難感覺到任何身體上的疼痛。

And new scientific research explains why us redheads have a distorted perception of pain.

而新的科學研究解釋了為什麼我們紅頭髮的人對疼痛有扭曲的感知。

Each of your roughly 30 to 37 trillion human cells have jeans tightly wound up in the nucleus where proteins called his stones keep those genes tightly packed.

你的每一個大約30到37萬億個人類細胞都有牛仔褲緊緊地纏繞在細胞核中，被稱為他的石頭的蛋白質將這些基因緊緊地包裹起來。

In fact, if unraveled The DNA in each of your human cells would stretch to around two m meaning that have strung end to end all of your D.

事實上，如果解開你每個人的細胞中的DNA會延伸到兩米左右，這意味著你所有的D都被串起來了。

N.

N.

A.

A.

Could travel to the moon and back over 150,000 times.

可以往返於月球15萬次以上。

I had to keep verifying this research because it's like how that possible the histone proteins carefully unravel the genes in specific ways to be read by proteins that create more proteins that control every aspect of your life.

我不得不不斷地驗證這項研究，因為這就像那可能的組蛋白以特定的方式仔細地解開基因，由蛋白質讀取，創造更多的蛋白質，控制你生活的各個方面。

You can now understand how complex these genes are in relation to our lives.

你現在可以理解這些基因與我們的生活是多麼複雜。

But in 2000 and three when we sequenced the human genome, we entered a new era of genetic research.

但是在2000年和3年，當我們對人類基因組進行測序時，我們進入了一個遺傳研究的新時代。

Some of the research that I'm obsessed with our genome wide association studies where they look at large swaths of jeans and then they start to be able to link them to things like depression and aggression and even being gay more info by collecting the card here, we made a video on it.

我迷戀的一些研究是我們的基因組廣泛關聯研究，他們看大片的牛仔褲，然後他們開始能夠把它們與抑鬱症和攻擊性等事情聯繫起來，甚至通過收集這裡的卡片成為同志的更多資訊，我們做了一個關於它的視頻。

Gay rights because red hair is something that we can see physically, we can study it much more easily.

同志權利，因為紅頭髮是我們可以看到的實物，我們可以更容易地研究它。

There are still many complicated genes that control red hair.

仍然有許多複雜的基因控制著紅髮。

But the gene that we're gonna be talking about today is the M.

但我們今天要討論的基因是M。

C.

C.

One R.

一個R。

Gene which also relates to how weirdly we feel pain.

基因，這也關係到我們對疼痛的感覺有多奇怪。

The M.

的M。

C.

C.

One R.

一個R。

Gene is a recessive gene which means you need two copies of the gene for it to be expressed physically.

基因是一個隱性基因，這意味著你需要兩個基因的拷貝才能在身體上表達。

For example, you inherited two gene copies of any given trait from your birth parents, one inherited from whoever birth do from their vagina and one inherited from whoever put their semen in the vagina.

例如，你從你的生身父母那裡繼承了任何特定性狀的兩個基因拷貝，一個是從誰的陰道里生出來的，一個是從誰的陰道里放了精液的。

These are known as maternal al eels and paternal alleles and how they interact.

這些被稱為母系等位基因和父系等位基因，以及它們如何相互作用。

Make the unique characteristics of you.

做出你的獨特特點。

A dominant Khalil is one that always determines the phenotype or physical expression when present.

顯性卡利爾是指在出現時總是決定表型或身體表現。

On the other hand, a recess evaluate like red hair is one that is not expressed when it's paired with an A.

另一方面，像紅頭髮這樣的休止符評價，當它與A搭配時是不會被表達的。

Level that is dominant recessive values only express themselves physically when you have two recessive alleles from your parents.

水準即顯性隱性價值，只有當你從父母那裡得到兩個隱性等位基因時才會在身體上表現出來。

So redheads need to have two recessive alleles to have red hair and now it's upon its square time.

是以，紅頭髮的人需要有兩個隱性等位基因才能有紅頭髮，現在已經到了它的平方時間。

13 in the mail on it square time.

13日在郵件中對其進行了正點。

If one of your parents is a redhead and the other has black hair.

如果你的父母中有一個是紅頭髮，另一個是黑頭髮。

But as a carrier there's a 50% chance you'll have red hair if both of your parents have black hair but are carriers, there is a 25% chance you could have red hair.

但是作為攜帶者，有50%的機會你會有紅髮，如果你的父母都是黑髮但卻是攜帶者，有25%的機會你可能會有紅髮。

My mom has red hair.

我媽媽是紅頭髮。

My dad has dark brown hair, so he must have been a carrier for me to have red hair.

我爸爸的頭髮是深棕色的，所以他一定是一個載體，讓我有了紅頭髮。

If he wasn't then I wouldn't have ended up with this red beard that kind of turns blond when I bleached in the sun and sometimes I even put lemon in it to make a blonde.

如果他不是這樣，那麼我就不會落得這個紅鬍子，當我在太陽下漂白時，它有點變成金黃色，有時我甚至把檸檬放在裡面，讓它變成金黃色。

Don't tell anyone speaking of my family.

不要告訴任何人談論我的家人。

Before we get to the scientific truth about gingers and pain.

在我們討論關於姜子牙和疼痛的科學真相之前。

We need to talk about today's sponsor kiwi Co, which was the best gift I've ever given my family aside from whenever I bless them with my presence, I'm not kidding.

我們需要談談今天的贊助商奇異果公司，這是我送給家人的最好的禮物，除了每次我用我的存在祝福他們，我不是開玩笑。

I bought my nephew the koala crate and now every month he gets hands on projects delivered to him in the mail that helped get him interested in science, technology, engineering and art.

我給我的侄子買了考拉箱，現在他每個月都會收到郵寄給他的實踐項目，這有助於讓他對科學、技術、工程和藝術感興趣。

My family loves them.

我的家人喜歡他們。

My sister loves them.

我妹妹喜歡它們。

I love them.

我愛他們。

Whenever I'm looking after him, I just open up a crate, he's amused.

每當我照看它時，我就打開箱子，它就會感到很高興。

He's learning the very tactile.

他正在學習非常觸覺。

I am now the best uncle by using kiwi co dot com slash S app.

通過使用kiwi co dot com slash S應用程序，我現在是最好的叔叔。

You get your first month free.

你的第一個月是免費的。

Each box comes with all of the supplies.

每個盒子裡都有所有的用品。

That's the best feeling.

那是最好的感覺。

It's all in there.

這一切都在那裡。

You don't have to run to the store, there's different boxes for different ages.

你不必跑到商店，有不同的盒子，適合不同的年齡。

He's three.

他才三歲。

So I get him the one for 2 to 4 year olds you can get the 14 plus ones which I actually personally like you know I got to build myself.

所以我給他買了2到4歲的那個，你可以買14歲以上的，其實我個人很喜歡，你知道我自己做的。

Headphones are not gonna wear my headphones.

耳機是不會戴我的耳機的。

People say where you got them.

人們說你在哪裡得到它們。

I say I made them use kiwi co dot com slash Js app for your first month free.

我說我讓他們使用kiwi co dot com slash Js應用程序，讓你第一個月免費。

You also help our show we're honestly just obsessed with kiwi co.

你還幫助我們的節目，說實話，我們只是痴迷於獼猴桃合作社。

But now back to how the M.

但現在回到M.A.如何。

C.

C.

One R variant affects ginger's ability to feel pain when you have red hair.

有一個R變體會影響生薑的能力，當你有紅頭髮時，你就會感覺到疼痛。

You have the M.

你有M。

C.

C.

One R.

一個R。

Gene variant and this variant leads to an abnormal in quotes milano Corton one receptor protein on the surface of your melanocytes which controls the color of your hair and skin.

基因變異，這種變異導致你的黑色素細胞表面的報價米拉諾Corton一受體蛋白異常，該蛋白控制著你的頭髮和皮膚的顏色。

Your melanocytes are in the basal membrane of your skin and produce two kinds of Melanie.

你的黑色素細胞在你的皮膚基底膜上，產生兩種黑色素。

Fio melanin and you melanin.

菲奧黑色素和你黑色素。

You melanin is more prominent in people with darker skin but the abnormal red hair.

你的黑色素在皮膚較黑但頭髮異常紅的人身上更突出。

M.

M.

CR one protein releases mostly feel melanin.

CR一種蛋白質的釋放主要是感覺黑色素。

This causes you to grow red hair have freckles and be fair skin slash more sensitive to skin cancer.

這導致你長出紅頭髮有雀斑，皮膚白皙，對皮膚癌更敏感。

It is this specific EMC one our gene that links directly to why us redheads have distorted perceptions of pain and why we're freaks of nature.

正是我們的這個特定的EMC基因直接聯繫到為什麼我們紅頭髮的人對疼痛有扭曲的感知，以及為什麼我們是大自然的怪胎。

How did that get that out of that out?

那是怎麼弄出來的呢？

Don't tell anyone what what's going on.

不要告訴任何人發生了什麼事。

Youtube.

在Youtube上。

When researchers induced the M.

當研究人員誘導M.

C.

C.

One R.

一個R。

Gene in mice they found that when prodding the mice in the control group felt significantly more pain than the ones with the modified redhead M.

在小鼠身上的基因，他們發現，當探查時，對照組的小鼠明顯比有修改過的紅毛M的小鼠感覺更痛。

C.

C.

One R.

一個R。

Gene they felt less pain.

吉恩他們感覺到的痛苦更少。

Another study found that EMC one, our mutant redhead mice were less sensitive to poisonous stings.

另一項研究發現，EMC一，我們的突變紅髮小鼠對毒刺的敏感度較低。

The biochemical reason for this is that the M.

這方面的生化原因是，M.

C.

C.

One R.

一個R。

Redhead gene variant created melanocytes that secrete lower levels of the protein called appropriate milano Corton pomc for short pomc is cut up to create hormones that increase pain perception and also affects the emcee for our proteins which increase pain tolerance overall.

紅髮基因變體創造了黑色素細胞，分泌較低水平的蛋白質，稱為適當的米蘭-科頓pomc，簡稱pomc被切開，創造了增加痛覺的荷爾蒙，也影響了我們的蛋白質的倌，增加了整體的疼痛容忍度。

But with science it's not always that simple and there's a couple wrenches that have been thrown into this for example.

但是對於科學來說，它並不總是那麼簡單，比如說有幾個扳手被扔到了這裡。

It has been found that redheads have more sensitivity to thermal pane when exposing brown haired women and red haired women to extreme cold or hot temperatures.

研究發現，當把棕發女性和紅髮女性暴露在極端寒冷或炎熱的溫度下時，紅髮女性對熱窗格更敏感。

The redhead seem to feel it more.

紅頭髮的人似乎更有感覺。

This study relied on subjective responses to women being put in painful situations but there are a few other studies that back up this research that redheads are more sensitive to hot and cold.

這項研究依賴於女性被置於痛苦環境中的主觀反應，但還有一些其他研究支持這項研究，即紅頭髮的人對冷熱更敏感。

The reason this information is medically important is that some doctors think we need to look at redheads differently when we're giving anesthesia.

這一資訊在醫學上很重要的原因是，一些醫生認為我們在進行麻醉時需要對紅頭髮的人進行不同的觀察。

Also maybe with CRISPR CAs nine gene editing.

也可能用CRISPR CAs九種基因編輯。

I can get my little redhead kids to have a bit more pain perception cause sometimes my legs freaking bleeding.

我可以讓我的小紅毛孩子多一點痛苦的感知，因為有時我的腿會嚇得流血。

I looked down.

我往下看。

I haven't even noticed it's like maybe I needed to get a band aid on that before I was infected.

我甚至沒有注意到這一點，就像在我被感染之前，也許我需要在上面貼上Ok繃。

Also, sometimes when I'm making jokes, my friends, I'm like, shut up and punch them and they're like, oh, and I'm like, oh, that hurt because when people punished me, I'm just like, oh, I felt kind of good.

另外，有時候我在開玩笑的時候，我的朋友們，我就說，閉嘴，給他們一拳，他們就說，哦，我就說，哦，那很疼，因為當人們懲罰我的時候，我就說，哦，我感覺有點好。

I'm happy to be alive in 2021 at a time where we can understand this complex genetic science and link it to my physiological experience.

我很高興能在2021年活在這個時代，我們可以理解這種複雜的基因科學，並將其與我的生理經驗聯繫起來。

Because six years ago it was thought that redheads were witches, but it was alive then I would be a redhead who was gay and I would definitely have been burned at the stake.

因為六年前，人們認為紅頭髮的人是女巫，但那時候我是一個紅頭髮的人是同志，我肯定會被燒死在火刑柱上。

Thank you so much for watching and we'll see you next week for a new science video peace.

非常感謝您的收看，我們下週將在新的科學視頻和平中再見。