with a surge of those infected.

隨著感染者的激增。

- Measles is back in the US.

- 麻疹又在美國出現了。

- The threat's so severe,

- 威脅如此嚴重。

some hospitals arming each entrance with security guards

一些醫院在每個入口處都配備了保全。

to screen visitors for symptoms of the virus.

以篩查訪客是否有病毒的症狀。

- In the first few months of 2019,

- 在2019年的前幾個月。

US doctors reported 314 cases of measles

美國醫生報告314例麻疹病例

to the Centers for Disease Control.

到疾病控制中心。

Now compare that to the number of reported cases

現在將其與報告的病例數進行比較

in the year 2000.

在2000年。

Less than 100.

不到100人。

What happened?

怎麼了？

Scientists put much of the blame

科學家們將大部分責任歸咎於

on the anti-vaccine movement,

關於反疫苗運動。

which is thriving in some parts of the country.

在我國一些地區蓬勃發展。

- Washington state has been called a hotspot

- 華盛頓州被稱為熱點

because of its anti-vaccine movement.

因為其反疫苗運動。

- Washington state, where more than 70 cases were reported,

- 華盛頓州，報告了70多例。

is one of 17 states that allows parents

是17個州之一，允許父母

to object to vaccinating their children

反對為其子女接種疫苗

on the basis of personal or moral beliefs.

基於個人或道德信仰；

And with fewer kids vaccinated,

而隨著孩子們接種疫苗的減少。

measles is far more likely to spread.

麻疹更容易傳播。

In fact, the disease is so contagious

其實，這種病的傳染性很強。

that 93 to 95% of a population

93-95%的人口

must be vaccinated to prevent transmission.

必須接種疫苗以防止傳染。

Yet, in a number of states,

然而，在一些州。

more parents are seeking nonmedical exemptions

越來越多的父母正在尋求非醫療豁免

from routine immunizations.

常規免疫接種；

But here's the thing.

但事情是這樣的

Overall, the US is doing pretty well

總的來說，美國的情況還不錯

when it comes to immunizations.

在免疫接種方面；

If there is a big vaccine problem,

如果疫苗出現大問題。

it's not here in the US, but abroad

不在美國，而在國外

in Africa, in parts of Asia,

在非洲、亞洲部分地區。

and in the Middle East.

和中東地區。

There were about 20 million infants in 2017

2017年約有2000萬嬰兒

that didn't receive routine immunizations,

沒有接受常規免疫接種的人；

such as for diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis,

如白喉、破傷風、百日咳等。

or DTP.

或DTP。

And about 60% of them live in 10 countries.

而其中約60%的人生活在10個國家。

In Nigeria, for example,

例如，在尼日利亞：

only a third of the population

三分之一人口

received the third dose of DTP in 2017,

2017年接受了第三劑DTP。

while that rate is closer to 85%

而這一比例接近85%

for the rest of the world.

為世界其他地方。

You see, immunization rates are tied not just to beliefs

你看，免疫接種率不僅與信仰有關。

but to economics.

但對經濟。

Poor countries often lack infrastructure like electricity,

窮國往往缺乏電力等基礎設施。

which is needed to keep vaccines refrigerated.

這是疫苗冷藏所需要的。

Consider South Sudan.

考慮一下南蘇丹。

Less than 10% of the population

不到10%的人口

had access to electricity in 2016,

在2016年已經用上了電。

which might help explain why the country

這可能有助於解釋為什麼該國

has one of the lowest immunization rates in the world.

是世界上免疫接種率最低的國家之一；

But there are also other factors at play.

但也有其他因素在起作用。

Like conflict.

比如衝突。

Following the civil war in Syria, for example,

例如，在敘利亞內戰之後。

immunization rates for some diseases

某些疾病的免疫接種率

fell by nearly 40%,

跌幅近四成。

and that trend is mirrored by other countries

其他國家也反映了這一趨勢。

that are also marred with political strife.

也充滿了政治紛爭。

Yes, these numbers look bleak,

是的，這些數字看起來很暗淡。

but they are improving

但他們在進步

thanks to an increase in awareness

由於認識的提高

and funding for immunization efforts,

併為免疫工作提供資金；

especially in countries like Afghanistan,

特別是在阿富汗這樣的國家。

Bangladesh, and Sudan.

孟加拉國和蘇丹。

And in 2017,

而在2017年。

a record 123 million children were immunized

為1.23億兒童接種了創紀錄的疫苗

with at least one dose of DTP.

至少服用一劑DTP。

So even as this anti-vaxxer movement

所以，即使這個反毒販子運動

grips parts of the US,

籠罩著美國部分地區。

as a global species,

作為一個全球性的物種。

humans are actually closer than ever

人類其實比以往任何時候都要親近

to ridding the world of vaccine-preventable deaths.

疫苗可預防的死亡。