Name: 基於項目的學習。它是如何工作的，為什麼它如此有效？ (Project-Based Learning: How It Works and Why It’s So Effective)
Uploaded: 2020-12-31T19:15:42.000Z
Duration: 7 min 21 s

In short, PBL is a powerful way to learn new things and remember them for a long time.

總之，PBL是一種學習新事物並長久記憶的有力方法。

轉承詞

It describes a form of learning that happens as a result to solving actual problems.

它描述的是一種因解決實際問題而發生的學習形式。

It's arguably so effective because first it gives solving problems meaning and second, because each task in a project is mentally tied along a storyline which eventually leads to either failure or success of an entire project.

它之所以可以說是如此有效，首先是因為它賦予瞭解決問題的意義，其次是因為項目中的每一項任務都在心理上沿著一個故事情節進行，最終導致整個項目的失敗或成功。

That means what we learned during the process has more meaning, and we can remember it later by mentally revisiting our project story business visionary Elon Musk explained it quite well.

這意味著我們在這個過程中學到的東西有更多的意義，我們以後可以通過在精神上重溫我們的項目故事來記住它商業遠見者埃隆-馬斯克解釋得很好。

He said that our brain has evolved to discard information that it thinks has irrelevance, picking a problem and then using various education tools like math, language or economics to solve that problem is therefore farm or engaging than teaching.

他說，我們的大腦在進化過程中會拋棄那些它認為無關緊要的資訊，選取一個問題，然後利用數學、語文或經濟學等各種教育工具來解決這個問題，是以，比起教學，農場或吸引人。

The tools itself say we're going to take apart an engine to see how it works and then put it back together again in order to take it apart.

工具本身說，我們要拆開一個發動機，看看它的工作原理，然後再把它組裝起來，才能拆開。

We need wrenches, screwdrivers, a whinge and other tools.

我們需要扳手、螺絲刀、怨氣和其他工具。

In the course of solving that problem of taking apart the engine, we learn about the tools, how to apply them and why they matter, toe.

在解決這個拆解發動機的問題的過程中，我們瞭解了工具，如何應用它們以及它們為什麼重要，趾。

Let's look at the story of Jane, a shy 19 year old student who wanted to move out from home but miserably failed.

讓我們來看看簡的故事，她是一個19歲的靦腆學生，想從家裡搬出去，但卻慘遭失敗。

Jane just finished her high school degree and still lives with her parents.

簡剛高中畢業，還和父母住在一起。

She is eager to move out and live on her own, but she has a tight budget.

她很想搬出去自己住，但她的預算很緊張。

Jane begins her project with asking around.

簡從她的項目開始，四處打聽。

Where do her friends recommend her toe live?

她的朋友推薦她的腳趾住在哪裡？

She starts to search online but is soon overwhelmed by all the options.

她開始在網上搜索，但很快就被所有的選擇淹沒了。

Jane learns that her search is not effective unless she knows precisely how much money she can spend for rent.

簡瞭解到，除非她準確地知道自己能花多少錢租房，否則她的搜索是無效的。

Her brain takes note that such a big project needs proper planning.

她的大腦注意到，這麼大的項目需要適當的規劃。

The next day, Jane spends making some serious calculations about her income, her savings and her monthly expenses, like food phone bills going to the movies.

第二天，Jane花了一些時間認真計算她的收入，她的儲蓄和她每月的開支，比如食物電話費去看電影。

Her calculation leads to the conclusion that her budget for rent is very small.

通過計算，她得出的結論是，她的房租預算非常少。

She starts thinking about taking on a job, tutoring music to kids.

她開始考慮接受一份工作，給孩子們輔導音樂。

This could get her another $200 a month, although there are additional expenses since she would need to buy a new guitar.

這可以讓她每月再獲得200元，不過由於她需要買一把新的吉他，所以會有額外的支出。

Jane's Brain goes through the various computations making a cost benefit analysis and decides to try moving out without taking on a job.

簡氏大腦通過各種計算做出成本效益分析，決定不接工作就搬出去試試。

She made up her mind and realized that math is a good tool that supports making an informed decision.

她下定決心，意識到數學是一個很好的工具，支持做出明智的決定。

The next day, Jane starts searching online again, this time for a shared home.

第二天，小簡又開始在網上搜索，這次是尋找合租房。

It doesn't take her long, and she makes her first call to get an appointment to meet the hosts.

沒過多久，她就打了第一個電話，約見了主人。

They tell her to sit down and start asking very directly about her habits, preferences and how to describe her personality.

他們讓她坐下來，開始很直接地詢問她的習慣、喜好和如何描述她的個性。

Jane starts to feel uncomfortable and stressed.

簡開始覺得不舒服，壓力很大。

She excuses herself and simply walks out outside.

She feels terrible, her brain notes and increased heart rate, some confusion about how to describe Jane and a lack of communication skills.

她覺得自己很糟糕，大腦筆記和心跳加速，有些不知道該如何形容簡，缺乏溝通能力。

Responding to immediate social pressure in the evening, she lies in bed and can't sleep.

晚上應對眼前的社會壓力，她躺在床上睡不著。

Toe live with such independent people, she decides that she will stay at home for now.

嘟嘟和這樣獨立的人生活在一起，她決定暫時留在家裡。

Eventually, she falls asleep during her sleep.

Her brain keeps working and revisits the experiences of that day.

她的大腦不停地工作，重溫那天的經歷。

It puts the experience in perspective and decides what could be for gotten.

它把經歷放在了一個正確的角度，決定了什麼可以為得到。

A few days later, Jane meets an old friend who has just moved into a shared house and tells her about his experience.

幾天後，小簡遇到了一位剛搬進合租房的老朋友，向她講述了自己的經歷。

It sounded so exciting her friend made his project a reality.

這聽起來很刺激，她的朋友把他的項目變成了現實。

Jane remembers her initial motivation, how much she wanted to be independent.

簡記得她最初的動機，她是多麼想獨立。

Jane spends the entire evening looking at listings, noting down the most promising posts at midnight, she calls her best friend, asking him to describe her personality to prepare for her next interview.

簡花了整整一個晚上看房源，記下了最有潛力的職位，午夜時分，她給好友打電話，請他描述自己的性格，為下一次面試做準備。

Her brain, fueled by million's of excited neuro transmitters, now learns with laser sharp focus her the theme.

她的大腦，由數以百萬計的興奮的神經傳輸器，現在學習與脈衝光銳利的焦點她的主題。

Next day she goes to see three new apartments.

She learns to answer questions about herself and even ask questions about the others.

她學會了回答關於自己的問題，甚至是問別人的問題。

What are your thoughts on keeping it tidy?

On her fourth appointment, Jane finds an apartment with two Superfund roommates who share lots of her interests.

第四次約會時，Jane找到了一間公寓，裡面有兩個超級基金室友，他們和她有很多共同的興趣愛好。

Two days later, she arrives at her new home with her backpack and a big smile on her face.

兩天後，她揹著書包，滿臉笑容地來到了新家。

Her brain notes all the things that learned during the project.

她的腦子裡記下了所有項目期間學到的東西。

Her budget calculation, her preferences, her social anxiety and new develop social skills.

她的預算計算，她的喜好，她的社交焦慮和新開發的社交技能。

Most importantly, the brain realizes that getting better at social skills is similar to improving her guitar skills.

最重要的是，大腦意識到社交能力的提高與她的吉他技巧的提高是相似的。

10 years later, Jane reads a study from 2009 that showed that PBL students perform as well or better than traditional students.

10年後，Jane讀到2009年的一項研究，顯示PBL學生的表現與傳統學生一樣好，甚至更好。

Findings indicated that projects were superior when it comes to a long term retention, skill, development and satisfaction of both students and teachers.

研究結果表明，在長期保留、技能、發展和學生及教師的滿意度方面，項目是優越的。

Traditional learning approaches were more effective for short term retention is measured by standardized board exams.

傳統的學習方法對於短期的保持是比較有效的，是通過標準化的板報考試來衡量的。

Three idea of project based learning was made popular by the educational reformer John Dewey in 1916.

三項目式學習的理念是由教育改革家約翰-杜威在1916年提出的。

He claimed that the student learns MAWR if he is interested in the subject and recommended learning by doing or learning by solving a problem.

他稱，如果學生對這門學科感興趣，就會學習MAWR，並建議通過實踐來學習或通過解決問題來學習。

Do we further stressed the importance of the connection between life and the objects were studying on learning, he said.

他說，我們進一步強調了生活和對象之間的聯繫對學習的重要性。

If knowledge comes from the impressions made upon us by natural objects, it is impossible to procure knowledge without the use of objects which impress the mind.

如果說知識來自於自然物對我們的印象，那麼不借助於給心靈留下印象的物體，就不可能獲得知識。

Millions of students from all around the globe have watched our sprouts videos for better learning.

來自全球各地的數百萬學生已經觀看了我們的芽菜視頻，以更好地學習。

Thousands of teachers play them in their classrooms to start projects.

數以千計的教師在課堂上播放它們來啟動項目。

Volunteers on YouTube have translated them to over 25 languages.

YouTube上的志願者已經將它們翻譯成了超過25種語言。

Our mission is to promote learning by doing in classrooms around the world.

我們的使命是在世界各地的課堂上通過實踐促進學習。

If you are a great explainer and a passionate teacher and you want to help us develop outstanding content, contact us to support our channel with a donation.

如果你是一位優秀的講解員，也是一位充滿激情的老師，你想幫助我們開發優秀的內容，請聯繫我們，以捐款的方式支持我們的頻道。