Name: 進化的6種方式讓我們陷入困境 (6 Ways Evolution Screwed Us Over)
Uploaded: 2020-11-02T19:45:36.000Z
Duration: 5 min 22 s

Millions of years ago, wisdom teeth were dead useful.

幾百萬年前，智齒是死有用的。

Those hefty molars helped us grind up fibrous veggies.

那些碩大的臼齒幫我們磨碎了纖維素。

Then, around 1 million to 2 million years ago,

那麼，大約在100萬至200萬年前。

which softened food so we didn't need to chew as much.

它使食物變軟，所以我們不需要咀嚼那麼多。

we began to farm and cook our food even more.

我們開始耕種，並更多地烹飪我們的食物。

With less work to do, our powerful jaws shrank,

隨著工作的減少，我們有力的下巴也縮了起來。

而今天，我們卻要承受這樣的後果。

But, unfortunately, annoying extra molars

但是，不幸的是，惱人的多出的臼齒。

aren't the only way evolution screwed us over.

並不是只有進化論才把我們搞垮的。

All primates, including humans, have something in common:

所有的靈長類動物，包括人類，都有一些共同點。

Now, this foot design makes perfect sense

我們的遠古靈長類動物的祖先。

made their feet flexible enough to cling to branches.

使它們的腳靈活得可以緊緊抓住樹枝。

we needed a more rigid, stable foot to balance

我們需要一個更堅硬，更穩定的腳來平衡

and propel ourselves from one step to the next.

並推動我們自己從一個臺階走向另一個臺階。

which leads to all sorts of foot-related ailments,

like sprains, stress fractures, and tendonitis.

如扭傷、應力性骨折和肌腱炎。

walking upright also messed up our spine.

直立行走也把我們的脊柱弄得亂七八糟。

of their internal organs dangling beneath.

and forced that smooth arch into an S shape.

The top is curved outward to support the weight of our head,

頂部向外彎曲，以支撐我們頭部的重量。

以使我們的軀幹與腳步保持一致。

Unfortunately, this design isn't very sound.

可惜的是，這種設計並不是很完善。

puts a tremendous amount of pressure on our backbone.

給我們的骨幹帶來了巨大的壓力。

So it's no wonder that 60% to 70% of people worldwide

所以，難怪全球有六七成的人... ...

experience lower-back pain sometime in their life.

在他們的一生中的某個時候會經歷下背部疼痛。

so they aren't protected by muscles, fat, and bone,

所以他們沒有被肌肉、脂肪和骨骼保護。

which makes them a prime target for incoming soccer balls.

這使得他們成為傳入足球的主要目標。

那麼，為什麼我們，還有很多其他的哺乳動物。

當它們被存放在陰涼的地方時。

So we hold them as far away from the body as possible

所以我們拿著它們的時候要儘可能的遠離身體

to keep them a few extra degrees below body temperature.

由於我們是直立行走，重力會拉動

which can lead to a potentially excruciating condition

這可能導致一個潛在的痛苦的狀況

And while this might feel like the worst thing ever,

雖然這可能會讓人感覺是最糟糕的事情，

其他的進化怪癖可能是致命的。

Take the dangerous way our throat is structured.

以我們的喉嚨結構的危險方式。

the trachea, or windpipe, where air travels,

氣管，即氣管，空氣流通的地方。

These pipes are nestled so close together,

這些管子是如此緊密地依偎在一起。

food can slip into your windpipe and block airflow,

Meanwhile, other animals have a more sensible arrangement,

同時，其他動物有更合理的安排。

那麼，為什麼我們沒有這種設置呢？

we can open up extra space in our throats,

我們可以打開額外的空間 在我們的喉嚨。

But evolution doesn't always come with a silver lining.

suffered from a horrible disease called scurvy.

患上了一種可怕的疾病，叫壞血病。

as their skin disintegrated and their brains decayed.

因為他們的皮膚在分解，大腦在腐爛。

the sailors had no access to fresh fruits and vegetables,

水手們無法獲得新鮮水果和蔬菜。

which plays a crucial role in how our body

這對我們的身體起著至關重要的作用

字幕列表影片播放

進化的6種方式讓我們陷入困境 (6 Ways Evolution Screwed Us Over)

crucial

stick

tremendous

ancient