Name: 緩慢的颶風和金星之旅｜2020年9月16日 (A Slow Hurricane And A Trip To Venus | September 16, 2020)
Uploaded: 2020-10-23T19:49:26.000Z
Duration: 10 min 1 s

a travel warning hurricane and a planetary discovery headline.

旅行警告颶風和行星發現頭條。

I'm Carla Zeus getting outside this week away from my booked up bookshelf.

我是卡拉-宙斯這周要離開我的書架到外面去。

State Department is telling Americans to reconsider any upcoming trips to China and to Hong Kong, a special administrative region of China.

國務院正在告訴美國人重新考慮任何即將到來的對中國和中國特別行政區香港的旅行。

According to the United States, the ongoing threat of Cove in 19 and what the U.

按照美國的說法，科夫在19日的持續威脅和美國的。

Government calls China's arbitrary enforcement of local laws will explain that tensions were high between the United States and China.

政府稱中國任意執行地方法律將解釋中美之間的緊張關係。

Factors include an ongoing trade dispute, controversial Chinese islands in the South China Sea and disagreement over recent events in Hong Kong.

因素包括正在進行的貿易爭端、南中國海有爭議的中國島嶼以及對香港最近發生的事件的分歧。

S says China has been detaining US citizens in the communist country, sometimes preventing them from leaving it without due process of law.

斯說，中國一直在共產黨國家拘留美國公民，有時未經正當法律程序就阻止他們離開中國。

American officials say this is being done for political reasons, and that there's no way to find out how long the detentions will last.

美國官員說，這樣做是出於政治原因，而且無法得知拘留會持續多久。

According to the New York Times, China has criticized the travel warning, saying it's one of the safest places on the planet and that the Chinese mainland hasn't seen any transmissions of coronavirus for a month.

據《紐約時報》報道，中國責備了這一旅行警告，稱中國是全球最安全的地方之一，中國大陸已經一個月沒有出現冠狀病毒的傳播。

But thousands of arrests have been made in Hong Kong over the past year, and China has imposed a national security law in the city.

但在過去的一年裡，香港已經有數千人被捕，中國在香港實施了國家安全法。

This is limited political dissent in Hong Kong, ah place that wants Mawr independence from China, but that China says it has ultimate control.

這就是香港有限的政治異議，啊地方希望毛爾獨立於中國，但中國說它有最終的控制權。

Over 12 people were recently arrested for apparently trying to flee Hong Kong on a motorboat headed for the island of Taiwan.

最近，有超過12人因明顯試圖乘坐一艘駛往臺灣島的汽艇逃離香港而被捕。

Chinese authorities detained them for illegal border crossing.

中國當局以非法越境為由拘留了他們。

Like Hong Kong, Taiwan is a place that disputes its status with China.

和香港一樣，臺灣也是一個與中國地位有爭議的地方。

This island of 23 million people is a vibrant democracy that sits just across the sea from the world's largest one party state.

這個擁有2,300萬人口的島嶼是一個充滿活力的民主國家，與世界上最大的一黨制國家隔海相望。

I'm Matt Rivers in Taiwan, officially known as the Republic of China, and I'm Steven Zhang in Beijing, the capital of what's officially known as the People's Republic of China.

我是馬特-裡弗斯，在臺灣，正式名稱為中華民國，我是史蒂芬-張，在北京，正式名稱為中華人民共和國的首都。

This name has existed since 1949 when the Communists, when a brutal civil war and forced the previous government to flee to Taiwan.

這個名字自1949年共產黨，當一場殘酷的內戰，迫使前政府逃到臺灣時就已經存在了。

Both sides set up their own governments, each claiming to be the only legitimate ruler of the entire Chinese territory, and decades of hostility ensued.

雙方都成立了自己的政府，各自宣稱自己是整個中國領土上唯一合法的統治者，幾十年的敵對關係隨之而來。

There was no traveled trade or communications between both sides, and the threat of military action was a constant presence.

雙方之間沒有旅行貿易或通信，軍事行動的威脅始終存在。

But tensions began to ease in the 19 nineties, when Beijing and Taipei authorities began a Siris of meetings and correspondence that deliberately put aside the issue of sovereignty in favor of resolving practical matters.

但緊張局勢在1990年代開始緩解，北京和臺北當局開始了Siris的會議和通信，刻意將主權問題放在一邊，以解決實際問題。

Thes dialogues paved the way for economic and cultural cooperation.

這些對話為經濟和文化合作鋪平了道路。

Businesses from Taiwan have invested billions of dollars here on the mainland, the world's most populous country and second largest economy, and millions of mainland tourists have flocked to Taiwan after direct flights resume.

來自臺灣的企業在大陸這個世界上人口最多的國家和第二大經濟體投資了數十億美元，直航恢復後，數百萬大陸游客湧向臺灣。

But still, China insists Taiwan as a breakaway province that must be reunited with the mainland, by force if necessary.

但中國仍然堅持臺灣是一個分離的省份，必要時必須以武力統一大陸。

Since Taiwan became a democracy in the late 19 nineties, cross strait relations have fluctuated, depending on which of the two main political parties is in power on the island.

臺灣自19世紀90年代末成為民主國家以來，兩岸關係起伏不定，這取決於島內兩大政黨哪一個執政。

Bilateral ties warm up when the Kuomintang, the party that favors closer ties with China, rules Taiwan and relations deteriorate when Taiwan's leader is from the Democratic Progressive Party, which traditionally supports Taiwan independence.

當主張與中國關係更緊密的國民黨統治臺灣時，雙邊關係就會升溫；當臺灣領導人來自傳統上支持臺獨的民進黨時，雙邊關係就會惡化。

Tensions have been climbing since 2016 when the pro independence party's nominee tying one was elected president.

自2016年親獨立黨提名的綁一當選總統以來，緊張局勢不斷攀升。

Chinese President Xi Jinping has hardened his rhetoric and policies towards Taiwan.

中國國家主席習近平對臺灣的言辭和政策更加強硬。

With analysts seeing increased Chinese military drills near Taiwan, many people here are wary of the growing strength and ambitions off their massive neighbor just across the sea, fearful that their unique way of life cultivated over the last seven decades, maybe under rising threat, Hurricane Sally did not make landfall on Tuesday morning, as forecasters initially thought it would.

隨著分析人士看到中國在臺灣附近的軍事演習增加，這裡的許多人都對他們巨大的鄰國日益增長的力量和野心保持警惕，擔心他們在過去七十年中培養的獨特生活方式，也許會受到不斷上升的威脅，颶風薩利沒有像預測人員最初認為的那樣，在週二早上登陸。

And the reason could make the storm's effects worse in some ways.

而這個原因可能會讓風暴的效果在某些方面變得更糟。

海灣海岸南部，薩利慢了很多。

As of Tuesday afternoon, it was still in the Gulf, moving toward land at two MPH.

截至週二下午，它仍在海灣，以2英里/小時的速度向陸地移動。

The good news is that it didn't get stronger before it's expected landfall on Wednesday.

好消息是，在週三預計登陸之前，它並沒有變強。

Sally was still a Category one hurricane when we produced this show with sustained wind speeds of 80 MPH.

當我們製作這個節目時，薩利還是一個一級颶風，持續風速為80英里/小時。

The bad news is that it's incredibly slow pace could mean it dumps more rain on the places it hits, and it appeared Tuesday like it was headed for the state line between Mississippi and Alabama.

壞消息是，它令人難以置信的緩慢速度可能意味著它在它擊中的地方傾倒更多的雨水，並且它看起來週二像它正朝著密西西比州和阿拉巴馬州之間的州界前進。

The forecasters still weren't sure where the Hurricanes exact landfall would be.

預測人員仍然不確定颶風的確切登陸地點。

The governors of Alabama, Louisiana and Mississippi had requested emergency government help.

阿拉巴馬州、路易斯安那州和密西西比州的州長曾請求政府緊急幫助。

A Sally approached between 10 and 30 inches of rain or possible between Mississippi and the Florida Panhandle, and the area was on the lookout for tornadoes as well.

在密西西比州和佛羅里達州泛區之間，A Sally接近10到30英寸的雨量或可能，該地區也在尋找龍捲風。

This is in addition to the dangerous winds and potential storm surge, the seawater blown inland by the approaching Hurricane Sally.

除此之外，還有危險的風和潛在的風暴潮，即 "莎莉 "颶風逼近後吹向內陸的海水。

If you lived in Homestead, Florida, in 1992 Andrew is a name you will never forget, just like in 2005 if you lived in New Orleans area Katrina.

如果你在1992年住在佛羅里達州的霍姆斯特德，安德魯是一個你永遠不會忘記的名字，就像2005年如果你住在新奧爾良地區的卡特里娜。

The military started naming storms after their wives, their girlfriends, but none of these names were made public.

軍方開始用妻子、女友的名字來命名風暴，但這些名字都沒有公開。

Several storms formed out in the Atlantic about the same time.

幾場風暴大約在同一時間在大西洋形成。

S weather bureau said, Okay, let's start naming storms.

S氣象局說，好吧，我們開始給風暴命名吧。

And they actually started by using the World War two Alphabet Able Baker, Charlie Dog Easy.

而他們其實一開始是用二戰字母表的阿波貝克，查理狗易。

But this created confusion as well, because every year the storm names were the same.

但這也造成了混亂，因為每年的風暴名稱都是一樣的。

It wasn't until 1979 that we started alternating male and female names.

直到1979年，我們才開始交替使用男名和女名。

In the Atlantic basin, we use English, Spanish and French names.

在大西洋盆地，我們使用英文、西班牙文和法文名稱。

No storms are named after a particular person.

沒有任何風暴是以某個人的名字命名的。

In fact, you can't request a storm to be named after you.

事實上，你不能要求用你的名字來命名一場風暴。

That entire process is handled by the World Meteorological Organization.

整個過程由世界氣象組織負責。

A storm name will be retired if it is too costly or deadly, and it would be inappropriate to use it in future years.

如果一個風暴名稱的成本太高或致命，並且在以後的年份中不宜使用，那麼它將被退役。

In fact, since 1950 there have been nearly 80 storm names retired.

事實上，自1950年以來，已經有近80個風雲人物退役。

And what happens if we go through all of the storm names?

如果我們把所有的風暴名稱都看一遍會怎麼樣呢？

We ended up going to the Greek alphabet, so that's what's in a name.

我們最後採用了希臘字母表，所以這就是名字中的內容。

But just like each individual name, each storm tends to have its own personality.

但就像每個人的名字一樣，每場風暴往往都有自己的個性。

What is the only terrestrial planet on this list?

這個名單上唯一的地球行星是什麼？

Neptune, Saturn, Jupiter or Venus After Earth?

海王星、土星、木星還是金星后土？

Venus is the second largest terrestrial planet, meaning it has a solid rocky surface and an atmosphere.

金星是第二大的地表行星，也就是說它有堅實的岩石表面和大氣層。

It's sometimes gets relatively close to earth.

它指的是他地球上的孿生兄弟。

我們為什麼不在金星上安裝一個探測器呢？

Because its surface is hot enough to melt lead.

因為其表面的溫度足以熔化鉛。

There's a lot that's unknown about Venus.

關於金星還有很多未知的東西。

Study published in the journal Nature Astronomy, researchers say they've detected a gas on Venus that we also have on Earth.

研究人員發表在《自然天文學》雜誌上的研究報告稱，他們在金星上檢測到了一種氣體，我們在地球上也有。

The gas is phosgene, it's flammable, toxic, and it stinks like a plate of decaying fish with garlic.

這種氣體是光氣，它是易燃的，有毒的，它的臭味就像一盤腐爛的魚和大蒜。

But phosgene gas is produced on earth, at least by bacteria that don't need oxygen, the kind that exists in swamps, sludge and animal guts.

但地球上的光氣是由不需要氧氣的細菌產生的，至少是存在於沼澤、汙泥和動物內臟中的那種。

So does this mean that something living some kind of bacteria maybe also exists on Venus to produce phosgene?

那麼，這是否意味著，金星上或許也存在著某種生活著細菌的東西，以產生光氣？

Scientists say the short answer is no dry and acidic environment that would destroy the forms of life that exists on Earth.

科學家說，簡而言之，就是沒有乾燥和酸性的環境會破壞地球上存在的生命形式。

So how did phosphate and get to the other planet?

那麼，磷酸鹽和是如何到達其他星球的呢？

Theories range from lightning and volcanoes to tiny meteorites and chemical reactions and Venus's clouds, but no one knows for sure.

理論範圍從閃電和火山到微小的隕石和化學反應以及金星的雲層，但沒有人知道肯定。

So scientists are pushing for more research to be done on Venus to figure out why the gas is there.

所以科學家們正在推動對金星進行更多的研究，以弄清為什麼會有氣體。

Some folks might be a little intimidated if they looked up in a convenience store and saw this thing standing 3 ft away.

如果有些人在便利店裡抬頭看到這個東西站在3英尺外，可能會有點害怕。

It's a robotics companies answer for the need to restock store shelves while maintaining social distancing, at least between people.

這是一個機器人公司的答案，在保持社交距離的同時，至少在人與人之間，需要補貨商店的貨架。

It's three pronged hands can be controlled remotely by a person in another location.

它的三稜手可以被另一個地方的人遠程控制。

It doesn't appear to be as fast as human stockers.

它的速度似乎沒有人類的長襪工快。

It could take their jobs, and we don't know how the cost of the robot compares to hiring a human for the work.

它可能會搶走他們的工作，我們不知道機器人的成本與僱傭人類工作相比如何。

And while you can Onley give it, ah, high three out of five, it kicks stocking store shelves into a whole new gear, guaranteed not to steal any drinks because that would short circuit the very thing that makes it robotic.

雖然你可以Onley給它，啊，高三的五，它踢庫存商店貨架進入一個全新的等級，保證不偷任何飲料，因為這將短路的東西，使它的機器人。

It turns any shop into a machine shop, although all customer complaints would have to be handled remotely.

它將任何商店變成了一個機器工廠中的房間，儘管所有的客戶投訴都必須遠程處理。