The music of language of English and how native speakers listen to it.

英語的語言音樂，以及母語者如何聆聽它。

The stress, the up-down shape is the anchor for me when I'm listening, and it gives me that familiar structure.

壓力，上下的形狀是我在聽的時候的錨，它給了我熟悉的結構。

Everything that I hear fits within this structure of stress.

我聽到的一切都符合這個壓力結構。

Tom's going to teach you how to identify what native speakers identify when they're listening to English,

湯姆要教你如何識別母語者在聽英語時的識別方式。

and how to use that to your advantage to be more easily understood when you're speaking English.

以及如何利用這一點，讓自己在說英語的時候更容易被理解。

Who's Tom?

誰是湯姆？

He's a standout teacher in Rachel's English academy, he coaches students every day,

他是Rachel英語學院裡的佼佼者，他每天都在指導學生。

and I have seen and heard the amazing progress that students can make when working with him.

我看到和聽到了學生在和他一起工作時能取得的驚人進步。

First, he's going to talk about the music of English

首先，他要講的是英國的音樂。

and then he's going to use some clips from movies to illustrate what he's teaching you.

然後他要用一些電影的片段來說明他教你的東西。

I know.

我知道，我知道

I know.

我知道，我知道

I know.

我知道，我知道

I know.

我知道，我知道

Hi! I'm Tom Kelly, a Rachel's English teacher with Rachel's English academy.

嗨！我是湯姆-凱利，瑞秋英語學院的瑞秋英語老師。

I work with students all over the world,

我和世界各地的學生一起工作。

and there's one thing that I think really helps students speak more like native speakers,

有一件事，我認為真正幫助學生 說話更像母語。

and it has nothing to do with actually speaking.

而這與實際發言無關。

It comes before speaking, and it's all about listening.

它先於說話，全靠聽。

In order to speak like a native speaker, you really want to be able to listen like a native speaker.

為了像母語者一樣說話，你真的要能像母語者一樣聽話。

And that's what this video is all about.

這就是這段視頻的全部內容。

Let's get started.

我們開始吧

So what does it mean to listen like a native speaker?

那麼，什麼叫像母語人士一樣聽話呢？

Well, the first thing we want to think about is the fact that English is a stress timed language.

好吧，首先我們要思考的是，英語是一種強調時間的語言。

So what does that mean? It means that our syllables are going to be different lengths from one another.

那是什麼意思呢？意思是我們的音節長度會不同。

Now, we're gonna have stressed syllables which are the longer syllables,

現在，我們要強調的音節是較長的音節。

and we're going to have unstressed syllables which are shorter.

而我們要有不受力的音節，這是短。

I'm going to pop in for a minute to try something new.

我想進來一下，試試新的東西。

We have a sponsor for this video, the good people at skillshare.

我們有一個贊助商的這個視頻，良好的人在技能共享。

Now, I know you already do a lot of online learning

現在，我知道你已經做了很多在線學習。

and you know that the internet can connect you to experts in any field anywhere in the world.

你知道互聯網可以把你和世界任何地方任何領域的專家聯繫起來。

I myself do a lot of learning online.

我自己在網上做了很多學習。

Skillshare is a site where you can take classes in anything: from writing, to photography,

Skillshare是一個網站，在這裡你可以參加任何課程：從寫作，到攝影。

to building a business.

以建立一個企業。

You can learn with their website or use their app. I, myself, am really interested in growing food.

你可以用他們的網站學習，也可以用他們的app。我自己，對種植食物非常感興趣。

So that's the first thing I searched for and I found some great classes.

所以我第一時間就搜索了一下，發現了一些不錯的課程。

Yeah, I'm probably going to take that gelato making class too.

是啊，我可能也要去上那個製作冰淇淋的課程。

Follow this link or the link in the video description for your own code to get two months free.

按照這個鏈接或者視頻描述中的鏈接，自己掃碼就可以獲得兩個月的免費。

Check them out, let's thank them for supporting this channel. If you find a course you like,

看看他們，讓我們感謝他們對這個頻道的支持。如果你找到了你喜歡的課程。

let me know in the video comments below.

讓我知道在下面的視頻評論。

Okay, let's get back to the lesson.

好了，讓我們回到課上。

Here's how I like to think about stressed and unstressed syllables.

以下是我對有壓力和無壓力音節的看法。

Unstressed syllables are quicker, they're flatter in vocal pitch, they use less energy.

不受力的音節更快，他們的聲調更平，他們用的能量更少。

Often that means they don't use as much movement from your articulators, your jaw, your tongue, your lips.

通常這意味著他們沒有使用盡可能多的運動從你的銜接器，你的下巴，你的舌頭，你的嘴脣。

And they can be just a little less clear often than stressed syllables.

而且它們可以只是比強調的音節經常不那麼清晰。

Alright, so that leaves stressed syllables.

好吧，所以剩下的強調音節。

What are they?

它們是什麼？

They're longer, they have more energy, they use more movement from the articulators, they're clearer.

它們更長，更有能量，它們使用更多的銜接器的運動，它們更清晰。

And I think, probably, the most important part of a stressed syllable is the curve in the pitch of the voice.

而我認為，可能，強調音節最重要的部分是聲調的曲線。

Rachel calls this the shape of stress.

瑞秋稱這是壓力的形狀。

It's an up and down musical curve in the voice that happens on stressed syllables in American English.

這是美式英語中發生在強調音節上的聲音的上下音樂曲線。

So those stressed syllables with that up-down shape, those are my anchors,

所以，那些強調的音節與那個上下的形狀，就是我的錨。

and that's what gives me a familiar structure when I'm listening to English.

而這也讓我在聽英語時有了熟悉的結構。

So great!

好棒！

We know that stress syllables are longer,

我們知道，強調的音節比較長。

they have this musical element with this up-and-down curve in the voice, and that unstressed syllables

他們有這樣的音樂元素 與這個上下的曲線在聲音， 和那無壓力的音節。

are quicker, and flatter in vocal pitch.

是比較快的，在聲調上也比較平。

Now what?

現在怎麼辦？

Well now, I have to tell you

好吧，現在，我必須告訴你

that syllables are more important than words when it comes to spoken American English.

當談到美國英語口語時，音節比單詞更重要。

Now, what does that mean?

現在，這意味著什麼？

When you are reading English and you're looking at all the words on a page, the words are very important.

當你在閱讀英語的時候，你看一頁紙上所有的單詞，單詞是非常重要的。

It's the words that are giving you that information

是文字在給你提供這些資訊

and you need them to be spaced out in order to read more easily.

而你需要它們的間距，以便更容易閱讀。

Well, when we speak English, we don't really worry about any of those breaks in between words, do we?

當我們說英語的時候，我們並不擔心單詞之間的斷句，是嗎？

We kind of mash everything together into one long word.

我們把所有的東西混在一起，變成一個長長的詞。

Yes, I was just working on a video on this topic!

是的，我剛剛在做一個關於這個主題的視頻!

When you read, the unit that you focus on is a word but when you're listening or speaking,

當你閱讀時，你關注的組織、部門是一個單詞，但當你在聽或說時。

the unit isn't the word, it's a thought group.

組織、部門不是詞，是一個思想團體。

And a thought group is any collection of words between breaks when speaking.

而思維組是指說話時斷句之間的任何詞語的集合。

It can be really short, you can have a one-word thought group, like 'hi!'

可以很短，你可以有一個單字的思想組，比如 "嗨！"。

or it can be much longer, a very long sentence with no breaks.

也可以更長，一個很長的句子，沒有斷句。

or it can be much longer, a very long sentence with no breaks.

也可以更長，一個很長的句子，沒有斷句。

For example...

比如說...

Let's take the phrase: I'll see you later.

就拿這句話來說吧：再見。

I'll see you later.

回頭見

How many words are in there?

這裡面有多少字？

I'll see you later.

回頭見

There's four words.

有四個字。

I'll see you later.

回頭見

But when we speak it: I'll see you later.

但當我們說出來的時候待會兒見。

I'll see you later.

回頭見

I'll see you later.

回頭見

There's really only sounds, like there's one word.

真的只有聲音，好像只有一個字。

So the syllables, these stressed syllables are the important part.

所以音節，這些強調的音節才是重要的部分。

That's what we want to bring out in our sentences, in our phrases, so that our listeners can understand us,

這就是我們要在我們的句子中，在我們的短語中帶出的東西，讓我們的聽眾能夠理解我們。

and that's what native speakers are listening for.

而這正是母語人士所要聽的。

They're listening for the stressed syllables.

他們在聽強調的音節。

Now, I'll see you later.

現在，我會看到你。

How can we tell what the stressed syllables are?

我們如何判斷強調的音節是什麼？

I'll see you later.

回頭見

I'll see you later.

回頭見

What did we say about stressed syllables?

我們對強調的音節是怎麼說的？

They have that up-and-down curve in the pitch of the voice.

他們的聲音的音調有那種上下波動的曲線。

How many up-and-down curves in my voice do you hear?

你聽出我的聲音有多少上下的弧度了嗎？

I'll see you later.

回頭見

I'll see you later.

回頭見

I'll see you later.

回頭見

Two.

兩個人

See, la--, those are the important syllables.

你看，拉 - -，這些都是重要的音節。

Those are the stressed syllables in the content words in that phrase.

這些都是這句話中內容詞的強調音節。

I'll see you later.

回頭見

I'll see you later.

回頭見

Now, another thing to think about that proves again

現在，再想一想，又證明了一件事

that syllables are more important than words

重音輕字

is that a four-word phrase can take the exact same amount of time that it takes a four syllable word to say.

就是一個四個字的短語，可以用完全相同的時間，說出一個四個音節的單詞。

What did I just say?

我剛才說了什麼？

Four words will take just as long to say as one word?

四個字和一個字說的時間一樣長？

Yes! Because it's the syllables that are important.

是的，因為音節才是最重要的。

Let's take an example like: vulnerable, vulnerable.

我們舉個例子，比如：脆弱，脆弱。

There's four syllables in that word: vulnerable.

這個詞有四個音節：脆弱。

How many stressed syllables do you hear?

你聽到多少個強調的音節？

Vulnerable.

脆弱的。

Vulnerable.

脆弱的。

Just one, right?

只有一個，對吧？

That first syllable has that up-and-down quality in the voice.

第一個音節在聲音上有那種上下的質感。

Vul-- vulnerable.

Vul -- 脆弱的。

Vulnerable.

脆弱的。

Now, let's take a phrase: give it to me.

現在，我們來一句話：給我吧。

Give it to me.

把它給我。

Four words, each word is one syllable, so four syllables in that phrase.

四個字，每個字是一個音節，所以這句話裡有四個音節。

Give it to me.

把它給我。

Give it to me.

把它給我。

Again, can you hear the up-and-down quality in one of those words?

同樣，你能聽出其中一個詞的上下品質嗎？

Give it to me.

把它給我。

Give, give it to me.

給，給我。

So we have the first word, the first syllable, stressed.

所以我們有第一個詞，第一個音節，強調。

Give, give it to me.

給，給我。

Vulnerable.

脆弱的。

Vulnerable.

脆弱的。

Give it to me.

把它給我。

They both have the exact same music and they both take the exact same amount of time to say.

他們都有完全相同的音樂，他們都需要完全相同的時間來表達。

Once you know the music and rhythm pattern of a phrase or word like that,

一旦你知道了這樣一個短語或單詞的音樂和節奏模式。

all of a sudden, you can speak the music of a bunch of different phrases and words.

突然間，你可以說出一堆不同的短語和單詞的音樂。

Let's look at a few of them.

我們來看看其中的幾個。

Confession.

懺悔。

Confession.

懺悔。

I love it.

我喜歡它。

I love it.

我喜歡它。

I'll have one.

我要一個。

I'll have one.

我要一個。

Uhh--

呃...

Uhh--

呃...

Do you hear that it's the same music under all of these phrases and words?

你聽出來了嗎，這些詞組和詞語下的音樂都是一樣的？

He did it.

他做到了

He did it.

他做到了

I know that.

我知道這一點。

I know that.

我知道這一點。

Uhh--

呃...

Productive.

生產性的。

Productive.

生產性的。

Uhh--

呃...

Let's listen to all of them right in a row.

讓我們一起來聽一聽吧。

Confession. I love it. I'll have one. He did it. I know that. Productive.

懺悔吧我愛它。我有一個。是他乾的我知道的。有成效的。

Uhh-- uhh--

呃... 呃...

It's all the same music.

都是一樣的音樂。

Listen for that stressed syllable in phrases and words and that's what you want to begin imitating,

聽聽短語和單詞中那個強調的音節，這就是你要開始模仿的。

once you've started to hear it.

一旦你開始聽到它。

Now, what's awesome is there is so much material out there

現在，什麼是真棒是有這麼多的材料在那裡。

that you can listen to to get a sense for the musicality, to begin listening in this way,

你可以聽一聽，感受一下音樂性，以這種方式開始聽。

to begin listening like a native speaker.

開始像聽母語一樣聽。

So rachel actually made a video about how to use youglish.Com to practice your pronunciation.

所以rachel居然做了一個視頻，介紹如何使用youglish.Com來練習發音。

This is a great tool to use to

這是一個很好的工具，可以用來

begin listening like a native speaker so that you can imitate with more precision

啟蒙聽力，讓你更準確地模仿

and clarity and native speaker quality.

和清晰度以及母語人士的素質。

But let's go ahead and take a little bit of time here to

但是，讓我們繼續前進，並在這裡花一點時間，以

listen to some tv and film clips

聽一些電視和電影的片段

and see if we can hear the music, hear the rhythm, hear the important stressed syllables.

看看我們是否能聽到音樂，聽到節奏，聽到重要的強調音節。

The phrase is: I know.

這句話是。我知道

I know.

我知道，我知道

How many stressed syllables do you hear?

你聽到多少個強調的音節？

I know.

我知道，我知道

Just one.

只有一個。

Know, right?

知道吧？

All of them are going to say the exact same musical rhythm pattern here.

所有的人都會在這裡說完全相同的音樂節奏模式。

Now, everyone is completely unique, they may shift exactly the way that they're expressing themselves

現在，每個人都是完全獨特的，他們可能會轉移完全的方式，他們正在表達自己。

with these words, but the rhythm, that's stressed syllable, that up down quality in the voice,

與這些詞，但節奏， 這是強調的音節， 上下品質的聲音。

that musical quality is there for all of them.

他們的音樂品質都在那裡。

Let's listen again.

我們再聽一遍。

How about this phrase?

這句話怎麼樣？

How many stressed syllables do you hear?

你聽到多少個強調的音節？

You're the best.

你是最棒的

You're the best.

你是最棒的

I just hear that up and down curve in the voice on: best, best.

我只聽到聲音中那上下的曲線在：最好，最好。

So that's our stressed syllable, that's the important syllable.

所以這就是我們強調的音節，這就是重要的音節。

You're the best. You're the best.

你是最棒的你是最棒的

Are you starting to hear that music?

你開始聽到這音樂了嗎？

Awesome!

厲害！

So now, let's make it a little bit more complicated. Let's go to some longer sentences.

所以現在，讓我們把它變得更復雜一點。讓我們去一些較長的句子。

In this first clip, let's listen for where are the stressed syllables?

在這第一個片段中，我們來聽聽強調的音節在哪裡？

What are the syllables that have that up-and-down curve in the voice?

嗓音中那條上下彎曲的音節是什麼？

Everything happens for a reason.

每件事都是有原因的

Everything happens for a reason.

每件事都是有原因的

Did you hear it? I heard three.

你聽到了嗎？我聽到了三個。

Everything happens for a reason.

每件事都是有原因的

Uuhh-- uuhh--

Uuhh -- Uuhh --

you want to listen for that music. Where are the important syllables?

你想聽的音樂。重要的音節在哪裡？

One thing that can be really useful is listening to a sentence, a phrase, a word three,

有一件事真的很有用，那就是聽一句話，一句話，一個詞三。

four times in a row and you begin to hear the music underneath the words.

連續四次，你就會開始聽到詞下的音樂。

Let's listen to this one three times in a row.

讓我們連聽三遍。

Everything happens for a reason.

每件事都是有原因的

Everything happens for a reason.

每件事都是有原因的

Everything happens for a reason.

每件事都是有原因的

Uhh--

呃...

everything happens for a reason.

事出有因

Are you beginning to hear it?

你開始聽到了嗎？

Let's go to another sentence.

我們再去看另一句話。

Uhh--

呃...

Uhh--

呃...

Do you hear that? He refused to believe in coincidence.

你聽到了嗎？他拒絕相信巧合。

Three stressed syllables, all connected into one long word,

三個強調的音節，全部連成一個長字。

but those three syllables give us the meaning and the music.

但這三個音節給了我們意義和音樂。

He refused to believe in coincidence.

他拒絕相信巧合。

Let's try one more.

我們再試一次。

Find a happy place.

找一個快樂的地方。

Uuhh--

Uuhh --

uuhh-- hopefully, you're beginning to hear that music underneath the American English being spoken.

uuhh -- 希望，你開始聽到音樂 下面的美國英語口語。

And once you begin to hear it and really listen for it, you'll be able to imitate it with a lot more precision,

而一旦你開始聽到它，並真正地去聽它，你就能更精確地模仿它。

and you'll sound much more like a native speaker, the more music you can bring in to your English.

你會聽起來更像一個母語者，你可以帶來更多的音樂在你的英語。

This week take some time when you're listening to a podcast

本週，當你在聽播客時，請花點時間

or watching a show or movie in American English to think about the music of what you're hearing.

或看美式英語的節目或電影，思考所聽到的音樂。