macrophage
US /ˈmækrəˌfedʒ/
・UK /ˈmækrəfeɪdʒ/
A1 初級
n. (c.)可數名詞巨噬細胞
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生理學速成班：先天免疫系統 (Immune System, part 1: Crash Course A&P #45)
09:13
- So when a macrophage in, say, the finger I just cut slicing a bagel, sees a new bacterium coming along, it snares it using cytoplasmic extensions, reels it in, completely engulfs it, and -- essentially -- digests it and spits the rest out.
假設今天切貝果時手指受傷，巨噬細胞看見新的細菌出現，就會以偽足捕捉、捲進內部並完全吞噬，最後消化它並吐出殘餘。
- And if an NK cell detects a defective cell, it doesn’t swallow it whole like a macrophage -- it pokes it with an enzyme that triggers apoptosis, or programmed cell death, which is pretty awesome.
如果一個 NK 細胞偵測到缺陷細胞，不會像巨噬細胞那樣吞下去，而是將酵素刺入缺陷細胞並啟動細胞凋亡，或稱細胞程序性死亡，太棒了！
免疫系統 (The Immune System)
13:47
- is called antigen. And so basically what a macrophage will do is it will notice that
任何的入侵物被稱為"抗原"。巨噬細胞會找到不是我們身體的一部分
- this is not part of our body. It will grab on to it. It will take it into the macrophage.
它會抓住它然後把他帶入巨噬細胞內。
麻疹為何如此危險？ (Here's What Makes Measles So Dangerous)
04:44
- When the measles virus reaches the lungs, it is met by a type of white blood cell called a macrophage.
當麻疹病毒到達肺部時，會遇到一種叫做巨噬細胞的白血球。
- But the measles virus tricks the macrophage into not seeing it as a danger and instead,
但是麻疹病毒，會誘使巨噬細胞誤認為它是沒有危險性的
這種「疾病」居然比瘟疫更致命？！ (This Disease is Deadlier Than The Plague)
10:53
- But TB evolved a thick, waxy coat that makes it completely immune to those It captures and modifies the macrophage to be a perfect host.
但是，肺結核進化出了一層厚厚的蠟質外衣，使其對這些病毒完全免疫。 它捕獲並改造巨噬細胞，使其成為完美的宿主。
- Suddenly, your lungs are filled with macrophage corpses and fresh bacteria.
突然間，你的肺部充滿了巨噬細胞的屍體和新鮮的細菌。
發炎如何真正發揮作用 | 人體解剖學研究所 (How Inflammation Really Works | Institute of Human Anatomy)
17:48
- The first white blood cell that gets called into action is a tissue macrophage, which I've drawn here as this large blob cell with a purple nucleus that actually kind of looks like a mouth, but that kind of works because this cell is going to engulf things.
第一個發揮作用的白細胞是組織巨噬細胞，我在這裡把它畫成一個大圓球狀細胞，細胞核呈紫色，實際上有點像一張嘴，不過這也挺管用的，因為這個細胞會吞噬東西。
- But this response to these damaged cells occurs within minutes because a tissue macrophage is a local macrophage that resides in the actual tissue in this area.
但是，對這些受損細胞的反應在幾分鐘內就會發生，因為組織巨噬細胞是一種局部巨噬細胞，居住在這一區域的實際組織中。
