macronutrients
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A1 初級
n. (c./u.)名詞 (可數/不可數)巨量營養素
A healthy diet should include a balance of macronutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
n. (c./u.)名詞 (可數/不可數)宏量營養素
Understanding macronutrients is crucial for designing an effective weight loss plan.
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燃燒腹部脂肪，啟動你的新陳代謝！ (Boost your metabolism and get rid of your belly fat)
- There's something called macronutrients, and macronutrients are things like proteins, and carbohydrates, and fats.
有些東西叫做巨量營養素，巨量營養素像是蛋白質、碳水化合物和脂肪。
- Macronutrients either help you to burn fat for energy, or they cause your body to store fat.
巨量營養素要嘛幫助您燃燒脂肪獲取能量，要嘛讓您的身體儲存脂肪。
![哈佛教授15分鐘揭開幸福的科學奧祕！| Arthur Brooks [ARC 2025] (Harvard Professor reveals the Science of Happiness in 15 minutes | Arthur Brooks [ARC 2025])](https://img.youtube.com/vi/w8a0T5XLrXc/hqdefault.jpg)
我最近做錯了什麼？🤔 (What I’ve Been Doing Wrong Recently.)
- Yeah, but within that like you being advanced we'd look and we'd go Okay, this is a bigger muscle group and this is a smaller muscle group So we're gonna set the macronutrients up specifically for the day or maybe there is a group like let's say you wanted to bring your Shoulders up that's a small muscle group, but maybe we want to bring them up So we'll push even more carbs for a day like that So you can play with it like that too How many like weeks in a row would you or one week in a row of this style of volume?
是的，但在這個範圍內，比如你是進階者，我們會看一看，我們會去 好吧，這是一個較大的肌肉群，這是一個較小的肌肉群，所以我們要為這一天專門設置宏量營養素，或者也許有一個組，比方說，你想讓你的肩部肌肉增加，這是一個小肌肉群，但也許我們想讓他們增加，所以我們會為這樣的一天推更多的碳水化合物，所以你也可以這樣玩 你會連續多少個星期，或者連續一週這種風格的音量？
- So we're going to set the macronutrients up specifically for the day." Or maybe there is a group, let's say you wanted to bring your shoulders up.
不管男女老少每天都會攝取的「鹽」背後知識請你一定要知道！ (What Men & Women NEED To Know About Salt)
- Insulin resistance will force the blood vessels to be very constricted all of which play together to make for a very high blood pressure so as much as we have been telling the world that we should be cutting back salt no we should have been telling them to cut back on what spikes your insulin refined starches and sugars but with regards to salt it's interesting for me to note where did that whole view come from within the united states decades ago there was a study that was published and they called it the dash diet dietary approaches to stop hypertension d-a-s-h the dash diet and in the dash diet one of the critical changes was to tell people to eat less salt and when they found that when people adopt a dash diet it's amazing their blood pressure goes down however unfortunately they also tell people to do lots of other things with the dash diet like when they tell someone to go on the dash diet they also tell them to eat less sugar and less refined starches and sugars well it's possible indeed i would say it's absolutely the case that what's actually lowering their blood pressure isn't that they cut their salt back it's that they were cutting their refined starches and sugars back and it's that that had the main effect and the cutting the salt was just some innocent bystander but to put a fine point on it in human studies if you have humans cut back their salt considerably they become insulin resistant so take a healthy group of humans say you need to eat less salt and they do so if you measure them a week later while they're adhering to this they will be significantly more insulin resistant than before they ever cut back their salt it's one of the ironies of the whole scenario where a physician may be telling a patient with high blood pressure you need to cut back your salt and they end up eating less salt and yet their their blood their blood pressure gets worse it's because the main contributor to high blood pressure is insulin resistance and by telling them to cut back on their salt you made them more insulin resistant and that whole mechanism is because one of insulin's many many effects is to want the body to hold on to salt and water and so if you start cutting your salt all of a sudden insulin says well there's little salt coming in i need to do what i can to retain whatever salt we do have and so it starts retaining salt and water more in order to try to offset the lack of salt coming in and while insulin's going higher and higher the body's becoming more and more insulin resistant so salt restriction can cause insulin resistance in humans you talk about four pillars to eating in your book while we get sick you outline these four essential pillars to develop a strategy for maintaining low insulin levels and combating insulin resistance what are the four pillars yes so when it comes to controlling insulin resistance the key is to manage macronutrients and the best way to manage macronutrients is going to be a strategy that helps lower insulin lowering insulin is the key to both slow insulin resistance and fast insulin resistance so the more the strategy lowers insulin the more effective it's going to be and there are poor there are four pillars so the first one control carbohydrates second prioritize protein third don't fear fat and then fourth after the first three have been taken care of four frequently fast so with the first one very briefly by controlled carbohydrates i mean that it is time to focus more on whole fruits and vegetables eat them don't drink them and then don't get your carbohydrates from bags and boxes with barcodes that the more you're opening up a package and getting your chips or your crackers or your cereal or your bread the more you're going to be spiking your glucose and your insulin keep that on the shelves at the grocery store focus on whole fruits and vegetables that's going to be the key for number one control carbs now while you're eating fewer carbohydrates you need to eat something and so prioritize protein i would say particularly animal source protein which is the best source of all of the amino acids that humans need and then with those proteins will come fat don't fear that fat that's number three fat is very satiating when combined with protein when fat and protein come together we digest it better sometimes people will find that if they just have a scoop of whey protein it can be very upsetting on their stomach it's because we're not supposed to eat protein alone in nature that never happens in nature protein always comes with fat that's how we should eat it we digest it better and human studies have shown that when a human eats pure protein there is some degree of muscle growth albeit microscopically minuscule but when we eat protein with fat we have significantly greater muscle growth than we do with the protein alone so that is the three pillars that encompass the macronutrients or the big parts of our diet but once a person has done that then they are well positioned to adopt a strategy a structured strategy of fasting and that can be there are as many ways to fast as there are people who want to and i do think it should come last once you've learned how to eat better food your your body has adapted to burning its own fat for fuel but it can take the it can take a intermittent fasting where it's one meal of the day you're fasting through it can do where people do alternate day fasting there are countless different ways to do it even if i'm in ketosis then you don't need to do it as much because you're already lowering your insulin so if a person's already in ketosis in fact if a person were in ketosis and frequently fasting depending on how lean they are it's going to become extremely difficult to retain muscle yeah so those are the four pillars it will be an extraordinarily effective way to address insulin resistance but the problem as i started when i that i mentioned is that while these concepts are simple that does not mean they're because humans show addiction addictive tendencies to only one macronutrient not fats not proteins all of the evidence of the neurobiology of addiction in humans points to carbohydrates and so as much as i lay out this simple plan it can be difficult and this is why this self-discipline required is difficult enough that it's why people find that they have to result in you know relying on drugs for these kinds of things physical activity exercise useful for keeping my insulin levels in check yeah yeah i'm really glad you brought up exercise i'm an enormous advocate of exercise the best exercise to improve insulin sensitivity is the one you'll do and so if someone listening to this is an 80 year old grandma and if she if her form of exercise is walking around the street down around the block with her girlfriends but then if someone else has the ability to go cross-country skiing or crossfit do it so the best exercise is the one you'll do now having said that the better exercise is the one that you'll do that keeps muscle muscle building work is going to be minute for minute a more effective way of improving insulin sensitivity than than any kind of aerobic activity and that's because muscle is the great consumer of glucose and back to the in fact not only does muscle eat the most glucose from the blood but it's also how it eats the glucose when it's exercising so earlier we talked about how insulin it kind of comes and knocks on the door of the muscle cell and then the muscle cell will open the door and allow the glucose to come in thereby lowering blood glucose unless the muscle is exercising when a muscle is exercising and i'm kind of mimicking the contraction and relaxation of a muscle when the muscle is exercising it has its own way of opening those doors so there's an insulin independent method where the muscle cell essentially tells insulin insulin i know normally i have to wait for you to come and open these doors but i'm so hungry during this exercise that i'm not going to wait and so the doors just open so the contracting muscle has its own way to rush to pull the glucose in which means of course that a person's going to have an easier time controlling their blood glucose which in turn would mean a better time controlling insulin but the more muscle a person has the easier it is and this could be one of the reasons why if you look at longevity and look at the markers of muscle strength versus the markers of cardiovascular aerobic fitness the aerobic fitness markers are terrible predictors of longevity it's muscle and strength that predicts longevity for multiple reasons including just the very act of living and moving but also because if you have more muscle you're going to control your glucose better which means you're going to control your insulin better then you're back to these variables that people use to predict or what are the most accurate indicators of it's who has the best glucose control more muscle helps that happen there's a big debate around whether we should be calorie restricting and low fat diet whether we should be calorie restricting in a moderate fat diet or calorie restricting and a low carb diet yes what's your take on that yeah i am unabashedly in favor of carbohydrate restriction um i would say for two reasons um that one reason i think that carbohydrates should be the macronutrient that is most scrutinized is because it's the one we eat the most of seventy percent of all calories consumed globally come from carbohydrates that is the one that has the biggest insulin effect for and that's a problem for all the reasons we've discussed but two carbohydrates are not essential um this is controversial people don't like to acknowledge it but there is literally no biological need that humans have for carbohydrate um the in the united states a report decades ago from the department of agriculture looking at the needs of human nutrition there's a quote there and i'm not going to get it exactly right but i'll get it pretty close it stated in this document that the lower limit of carbohydrate consumption in humans is zero in other words there is no such thing as an essential carbohydrate now i'm not well then let's not eat any of them no but i am saying why is that the one we focus the most on as 70 of all calories globally are coming from that one you're telling me that we most of what we eat comes from what we don't need why not put the focus on the things we do need there are such things as essential fatty acids let's eat fat there are such things as essential amino acids so let's eat protein and make sure we get what we need and then on any remainder of the plate we can get some other things that we want to nibble on like plants if you love the driver ceo brand and you watch this channel please do me a huge favor become part of the 15 percent of the viewers on this channel that have hit the subscribe button it helps us tremendously and the bigger the channel gets 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胰島素抵抗會迫使血管收縮，所有這些因素都會導致血壓升高，所以我們一直在告訴世人應該減少鹽的攝入量，而不是應該告訴他們減少精製澱粉和糖的攝入量，但關於鹽，我想說的是，幾十年前，在美國，有一項研究報告發表了，他們稱之為 "Dash dietary approaches to stop hypertension d-a-s-"，在 "Dash diet "中，一個關鍵的改變就是告訴人們少吃鹽。他們發現，當人們採用 "破折號 "飲食法時，他們的血壓會驚人地下降，但不幸的是，他們也告訴人們在 "破折號 "飲食法中還
- So when it comes to controlling insulin resistance, the key is to manage macronutrients.
我訪問了200位體脂低於12%的受訪者，看看他們每天都做什麼來維持精實身材！ (I Surveyed 200 People Under 12% Body Fat, Here’s What They ALL DO Daily to Stay Lean)
- You notice I didn't talk a single thing about macronutrients and how many carbs they had, other than the fact that maybe there's a little bit of reduced fat.
你注意到了嗎，我沒有提到任何關於宏量營養素和碳水化合物含量的問題，只是說可能有一點脂肪減少了。
- You notice I didn't talk a single thing about macronutrients and how many carbs they had other than the fact that maybe there's a little bit of reduced fat.
Jason Fung醫師的簡單方法：擊退腹部脂肪！💪 (The SIMPLE Way To Make Your Body KILL BELLY FAT! | Dr Jason Fung)
- Well, mostly unprocessed foods. So things like beans. And if you're having, if you're eating whole grains, for example, compared to others, then it's going to have a reduction in the speed of absorption. So it's, again, not about the calories necessarily or even necessarily about the carbohydrates because you're still eating the same amount of carbohydrate, but you're slowing down the speed at which is absorbed, which is going to change the instructions that you give your body. If you have a massive spike in glucose, you get this massive dopamine surge, right? And your body's like, you'll love it. Then the next time you're like, okay, give me that refined carbohydrate. What about protein? Because we, we tend to think of protein as something that, you know, is super great for weight loss. Yeah. Protein is probably a sort of inter, it's not bad. I mean, the main thing is cutting down the carbohydrates, but, you know, in the obesity code, I really talk about cutting the processing down because proteins usually don't come as pure protein, right? In nature, you never find like, you know, how you have like whey powder protein or whatever you get. The only way you can do that is by processing the heck out of food to get some kind of pure protein. It doesn't exist in nature. Like it almost doesn't exist. And maybe there's a few examples, but when you eat meat, you think, okay, there's a lot of protein, but that's actually a lot of fat in there too, right? If you eat anything else that has protein, it's rarely all protein, you know, very lean meats like chicken breast and stuff are going to be higher in protein, but there's still a lot of other stuff in there. And it's very rare that somebody will eat just all pure a hundred percent protein. It tends to be hard to eat. Like the fat brings a lot of flavor and so on. So it's a bit of an unnatural way to eat. Sure. If you, if you're to eat a lot of protein, it does spike insulin. So it does have some effect to gain weight, but it's actually a very inefficient macronutrient. That is your, there's three macronutrients.
嗯，主要是未經加工的食物。比如豆類。如果你吃的是全穀物，例如，與其他食物相比，吸收速度就會降低。是以，再次強調，這與熱量無關，甚至與碳水化合物無關，因為你吃的碳水化合物量還是一樣的，只是吸收的速度減慢了，這會改變你給身體的指令。如果你攝入了大量的葡萄糖，你就會得到大量的多巴胺，對嗎？你的身體會說，你會喜歡的。然後下一次你就會想，好吧，給我精製碳水化合物。那蛋白質呢？因為我們往往認為蛋白質 對減肥有很大幫助是啊蛋白質可能是一種間，它不是壞的。我的意思是，最主要的是減少碳水化合物的攝入量，但是，你知道，在肥胖
- That is, there's three macronutrients.
