每日口說挑戰猩猩也有自己的語言！？科學家成功破解猩猩語言的秘密（How to Speak Chimpanzee | Extraordinary Animals | BBC Earth）

哇！停了好一陣子…
沒有每天練習，感覺退步了…真糟糕

Intro:
Greetings, Voicetubers! Tera here. Today’s topic is gonna be very interesting. I am SUPER into this clip. As a language lover, I have taken some linguistics-related courses. I still remember when I was taking the linguistics introductory courses, linguistics 101, the very first question my professor asked was: What is language? What separates humans from animals? Do you have any ideas? Think about it and feel free to take a guess. We’ll be coming back for this soon after finishing our daily mission together. So, let’s finish today’s featured sentence first, and then I will tell you the answers later.

Featured sentence: The individual that lost the fight will approach the more dominant one, and will extend its arm to ask for reconciliation, so this is an expression of submissive behavior.
在打鬥中落敗的那方會接近更強勢的那方，並伸長手臂要求和解。這就是種表現服從的行為。

Tips:
1. dominant: three syllables with the stress on the first one. "do-mi-nant", in American English, we pronounce "do" as "da", and the rest of the vowel will shift to a schwa /ə/. Again, "dominant".
2. reconciliation: this one is quite hard! There are six syllables in this word, and the stress falls on the fifth syllable. Let me separate them slowly again, "re-con-ci-li-a-tion"
3. extend: the letter "t" following the letter "x" will be more like /d/ but not a fair /t/. This is because the x sound is /ks/, all of the /p/, /t/, /k/ sounds tend to change when they are preceded by an /s/. Same rules happen on "expression", too.
4. submissive: three syllables with the stress falling on the second syllable. "sub-mi-ssive", and remember not to speak the voiceless "b" out. Instead, create a small space for it. As a result, "sub-mi-ssive".

Vocabulary:
dominant (adj.) KK [ˋdɑmənənt] IPA /ˈdɑː.mə.nənt/
def: very important, powerful, or successful
佔優勢的、支配的
The dominant color of this building is white, making it look pure and light.
這棟大樓最具優勢的顏色是白色，因此大樓看起來潔白又明亮。

reconciliation (n.) KK [rɛkən͵sɪlɪˋeʃən] IPA /rek.ənˌsɪl.iˈeɪ.ʃən/
def: the restoration of friendly relations
和解、調停
His ex-girlfriend had always hoped for a reconciliation.
他的前女友一直希望他們可以復合。

submissive (adj.) KK [sʌbˋmɪsɪv] IPA /səbˈmɪs.ɪvt/
服從的
def: ready to conform to the authority or will of others
Their early training in the army programs them to be submissive.
軍隊裡的初期訓練，是設計來使他們服從的。

Outro:
Do you have any clues as to the answer to the above-mentioned questions? So...language is the ability to produce and comprehend spoken and written words, and languages have a strict structure, even sign language does. For example, in a bottom-up model, we would comprehend language from acoustic signals, let’s say, phonetics, to phonology, morphology, syntax, then semantics, and pragmatic interpretation. As for "What separates humans from animals?" Well, the most important and precious ability humans have but the animal doesn’t is creativity, which enables us to combine elements to produce new messages. However, animal utterances are responses to external stimuli, and do not refer to matters removed in time and space. Though from a linguistics perspective, animals do not have a real language, how they communicate is still worth observing. You see, chimpanzees’ communication systems are especially outstanding among the world of animals. In this video, you’re going to pick up some of the body language used among chimpanzees, like "sorry", "I’m the boss here!", and "give me some food", pretty interesting. Go and check them out, and as always, remember to click the recording button down below. Catch you later.

☺The individual that lost the fight will approach the more dominant one, and will extend its arm to ask for reconciliation, so this is an expression of submissive behavior.
打架打輸了的猩猩會走向打贏的猩猩，並伸長手臂求和，可見這樣的動作是種服從的表現。
【心得】動物沒有先進的武器所以僅止於打架，而人類有了先進的武器反而拿來打仗，造成更多死傷。為何就不能和平共處，讓這世界更好呢!?TT
■dominant [ˋdɑmənənt] (adj.)主要的；主導的；佔優勢的；(基因)顯性的；{音}全階第五音的；高聳的；佔首位的
(n.C or U)顯性；顯性狀(或基因)；優勢種
(n.C){音}全階第五音
■reconciliation [rɛkən͵sɪlɪˋeʃən] (n.C or U)和解；和好；修好；調解、調停[(+between/of/with)]
(n.U)和諧、一致、調和[(+between/of/with)]；甘願、順從
■submissive [sʌbˋmɪsɪv] (adj.)服從的、溫順的、聽話的[(+to)]

#舉手發問！4:52 “…do not refer to matters removed in time and space.” 這句怎麼翻譯？

The individual([͵ɪndəˋvɪdʒʊəl]個體n.) that lost(lose輸掉v.) the fight will approach([əˋprotʃ]靠近v.) the more dominant([ˋdɑmənənt]佔優勢的) one, and will extend its arm to ask for reconciliation([rɛkən͵sɪlɪˋeʃən]和解n.), so this is an expression of submissive([sʌbˋmɪsɪv]服從的) behavior.
打鬥落敗的一方會靠近佔優勢的另一方，伸出手臂表示要求和解，這是一種表達服從的行為。
◆ individual [͵ɪndəˋvɪdʒʊəl]
(n.)個人,個體; (思想或行為)與眾不同的人,有個性的人
(adj.)個人的,個體的;個別的,單獨的;特有的,獨特的

◆ lose [luz] 過去式lost,過去分詞lost,現在分詞losing
(vt.)失,丟失,喪失;使失去;輸去,未贏得;損失(金錢);迷失,使迷路;聽不見,看不見,抓不住,錯過;浪費,白費;使沉湎於;使迷糊不清;(鐘錶)慢
(vi.)輸掉,失敗;受損失;賠錢;(鐘,錶)走慢
◆ lost [lɔst] (adj.)弄丟的,遺失的,迷途的;逝去的,喪失的;錯過的,浪費掉的,輸掉的;滅亡的,被破壞的,死的;未注意的,漠視的;無影響力的

◆ approach [əˋprotʃ]
(vt.)接近,靠近;近乎,即將達到;找…商量(或聯繫);著手處理,開始對付
(vi.)接近,靠近,即將達到
(n.)接近,靠近,即將達到;通道,入口;方法,門徑,態度;接近的表示,接洽
◆ dominant [ˋdɑmənənt]
(adj.)佔優勢的,支配的,統治的;高聳的,佔首位的;[生](遺傳性狀)優勢的,顯性的;[音]全階第五音的
(n.)[音]全階第五音;[生]顯性,顯性狀(或基因);優勢種
◆ reconciliation [rɛkən͵sɪlɪˋeʃən] (n.)和解,和好;調解,調停;和諧,一致;甘願,順從
◆ submissive [sʌbˋmɪsɪv] (adj.)順從的,溫順的,聽話的

Greetings, Voicetubers! Tera here. Today’s topic is gonna be very interesting. I am SUPER into this clip(影片的剪輯,片段). As a language lover, I have taken some linguistics([lɪŋˋgwɪstɪks]語言學)-related courses(課程). I still remember when I was taking the linguistics introductory([͵ɪntrəˋdʌktərɪ]介紹的) courses, linguistics 101, the very first question my professor asked was: What is language? What separates([ˋsɛpə͵ret]區分v.) humans from animals? Do you have any ideas? Think about it and feel free to take a guess(猜測n.). We’ll be coming back for this soon after finishing our daily mission together. So, let’s finish today’s featured sentence first, and then I will tell you the answers later.

1. dominant (adj.) /ˈdɑː.mə.nənt/ 佔優勢的、支配的 very important, powerful, or successful
☻ The dominant color of this building is white, making it look pure and light.
這棟大樓最具優勢的顏色是白色，因此大樓看起來潔白又明亮。

2. reconciliation (n.) /rek.ənˌsɪl.iˈeɪ.ʃən/ 和解、調停 the restoration([͵rɛstəˋreʃən]恢復n.) of friendly relations
☻ His ex-girlfriend had always hoped for a reconciliation. 他的前女友一直希望他們可以復合。

3. submissive (adj.) /səbˈmɪs.ɪvt/ 服從的 ready to conform([kənˋfɔrm]遵照v.) to the authority or will(意願n.) of others
☻ Their early training in the army programs(使按照預定步驟表現,工作v.) them to be submissive. 軍隊裡的初期訓練，是設計來使他們服從的。

Do you have any clues(線索n.) *as to(提到某事物) the answer to the above-mentioned questions? So...language is the ability to produce and comprehend ([͵kɑmprɪˋhɛnd]理解v.) spoken(口語的) and written(書寫的) words, and languages have a strict structure, even *sign language(手語) does. For example, in a bottom-up(先考慮細節,再考慮總體的方式的) model, we would comprehend language from acoustic([əˋkustɪk]聲音的) signals(信號), let’s say, phonetics([foˋnɛtɪks]語音學n.), to phonology([foˋnɑlədʒɪ]音系學,語音體系), morphology( [mɔrˋfɑlədʒɪ]形態學,構詞學), syntax([ˋsɪntæks]語法), then semantics([səˋmæntɪks] 語義學), and pragmatic([prægˋmætɪk]實用的) interpretation([ɪn͵tɝprɪˋteʃən]翻譯n.). *As for(至於) "What separates humans from animals?" Well, the most important and precious(寶貴的) ability humans have but the animal doesn’t is creativity(創造力), which enables(enable使能夠v.) us to combine elements(要素n.) to produce new messages. However, animal utterances([ˋʌtərəns]發聲,表達n.) are responses to external(外部的) stimuli(/ˈstɪm.jʊ.laɪ/=stimulus /ˈstɪm.jə.ləs/的複數), and do not refer to matters removed in time and space. Though from a linguistics perspective(觀點), animals do not have a real language, how they communicate is still worth observing(observe[əbˋzɝv]觀察v.). You see, chimpanzees’(chimpanzee[͵tʃɪmpænˋzi]黑猩猩) communication systems are especially outstanding(出色的) among the world of animals. In this video, you’re going to pick up some of the body language used among chimpanzees, like "sorry", "I’m the boss here!", and "give me some food", pretty interesting. Go and check them out, and as always, remember to click the recording button down below. Catch you later.

The individual that lost the fight will approach the more dominant one, and will extend its arm to ask for reconciliation, so this is an expression of submissive behavior.

The individual that lost the fight will approach the more dominant one, and will extend its arm to ask for reconciliation, so this is an expression of submissive behavior.

The individual that lost the fight will approach the more dominant one, and will extend its arm to ask for reconciliation, so this is an expression of submissive behavior.

Day1091
The individual that lost the fight will approach the more dominant one, and will extend its arm to ask for reconciliation, so this is an expression of submissive behavior.