每日口說挑戰在全世界最小的國家生活會如何？(What Is Life Like In The Smallest Country In The World?)

Hello VoiceTubers! I’m Jonathan, back with another pronunciation challenge for you! Today’s video gives us some fascinating insights regarding the inner workings of a country so small, you can walk around it in thirty minutes! Coming from Canada, one of the world’s largest countries, this seems almost unimaginable to me. Anyway, be sure to check out the video. Also, stay tuned to the end, as I have a personal story regarding a very small country that I had the chance to visit several years back. For now, let’s listen to today’s featured sentence!


Sentence:
He has full legislative, executive and judicial powers, and if he should die and there's some downtime, then the College of Cardinals wields those powers.
教宗擁有立法、執行和司法權，如果教宗過世且政府有停擺期，將由樞機主教團代替執政，

Today’s sentence is referring to The Pope, and his rule over The Vatican City State. The Vatican is considered an absolute monarchy, where the Pope rules over the people with total authority, and answers to no human power.

Pronunciation Tips:

Legislative - soft g, long a
Judicial - long u, sh sound
Wields - long e, schwa, z sound


Vocabulary:
1. legislative (adj.) KK [ˋlɛdʒɪs͵letɪv] IPA /ˈlɛʤəˌsleɪtɪv/
法律的；立法的

Legislative means relating to laws or the making of laws. So for example, the Pope has the power to write the laws in The Vatican, so he has legislative authority. Here’s an example sentence “In 1984, the Canadian federal government exercised its legislative authority with the Canada Health Act, which prohibited extra billing and user fees for insured services.”

2. executive (adj.) [ɪgˋzɛkjʊtɪv] /ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv
決策的，管理的
The dictionary defines executive as ‘relating to making decisions and managing businesses, or suitable for people with important jobs in business’. In this case, however, they’re talking about the Pope’s executive authority in government. In the American government, for example, the executive branch carries out and enforces laws. It includes the president, vice president, and the Cabinet. Here is an example sentence: “There was a struggle between the Executive branch of government and Congress.”

3. wield power (phr.) [wild] [ˋpaʊɚ] /wild/ /ˈpaʊər/
施加影響／運用權力

To ‘wield’ something means to have and use it. For example, “The knight was wielding a sword made of steel.”

To ‘wield power’ means to have a lot of influence or power over other people. Here is an example sentence: “ A close adviser of the dead King, he now wields power because of that King's death.”

And that wraps it up for today’s pronunciation challenge. Now as I mentioned, I can share my own personal story regarding a very small country. In the year 2000, I was on vacation in Europe, driving a rented car from Germany to France. Unfortunately, I had car trouble on the way there, and had to be towed off the highway. At the time the car broke down, I was just outside of the tiny country of Luxembourg, so that’s where I was towed.

The young man driving the tow truck told me many interesting things about Luxembourg. He said that the whole country had a population of roughly 500,000 people, which is only a fraction of what major cities like Toronto or Taipei have. He said the country had zero percent unemployment, at that many residents of neighboring countries would commute into Luxembourg just to work. Also, he said that most young people in Luxembourg could speak four languages - English, French, German, and Luxembourgish. Yeah, that’s right! This tiny country even has their own native language! How cool is that!

Don’t forget to record your sentence, and let me hear your beautiful English! I’m Jonathan for VoiceTube, and I’ll catch you next time!

☺He has full legislative, executive and judicial powers, and if he should die and there's some downtime, then the College of Cardinals wields those powers.
教宗全權掌控立法、行政和司法三權，萬一教宗過世而產生政權空窗期，則該期間將由樞機主教團代為執政。
【心得】小國的生育率要控制得恰到好處，不然生育力太低，可能很快就會消失，但生育率太高又會太擁擠。
■legislative [ˋlɛdʒɪs͵letɪv] (adj.)法律的；立法的；有立法權的；立法機構的；由法律規定的；根據法律執行的
(n.C)立法機構
■executive [ɪgˋzɛkjʊtɪv] (adj.)執行的；實施的；經營管理的、決策的、管理的；行政上的；行政部門的；執行者的；經理人員的；主管級的；高級享受的、給重要人物使用的
(n.C)執行者；行政官；高級官員；經理；業務主管；行政部門；(公司或組織的)執行委員會、領導階層
■judicial [dʒuˋdɪʃəl] (adj.) 司法的；審判的；法官的；法庭的；法院判定的合乎法官身分的；法官似的；評判的；公正明斷的；公平的
■cardinal [ˋkɑrdnəl] (adj.) 重要的、主要的；基本的、根本的；深紅的、鮮紅的；紅衣主教的、樞機主教的
(n.C)(羅馬天主教的)紅衣主教、樞機主教；{數學}基數；紅衣鳳頭鳥、北美紅雀
(n.U)深紅色、鮮紅色
■wield [wild](vt.) 揮舞、握、抓著(武器或工具)；使用(工具等)；行使(權力)；施加(影響)
■downtime [ˋdaʊn͵taɪm](n.U)(尤指電腦等機器的)停止工作期；休養期；休息時間

#1:52 with total authority and {?ancestors have} no human power.

梵蒂岡(the Vatican[ˋvætikən])是君主政體，國家元首是教宗。 他擁有立法、行政和司法權，萬一教宗過世了而產生政權停擺期，將由樞機主教團代為行使這些職權。

It is governed(/ˈɡʌv.ɚn/治理v.)by an absolute(/ˈæb.sə.luːt/完全的) monarchy(/ˈmɑː.nɚ.ki/君主政體n.), with the Head of State(國家n.) being the Pope(/poʊp/教宗). He has full legislative(/ˈledʒɪsleɪtɪv/立法的), executive(/ɪɡˈzek.jə.t̬ɪv/行政的) and judicial(/dʒuːˈdɪʃ.əl/司法的) powers(/ˈpaʊ.ɚ/職權n.), and if he should die and there's some downtime(/ˈdaʊn.taɪm/停擺期), then the College(團體n.) of Cardinals(/ˈkɑːr.dɪ.nəl/羅馬天主教會的樞機主教) wields(/wiːld/行使權力v.) those powers.

■ if S should VR : 表示主詞「應該；居然；萬一」做某事
If she should come, I would give her the money. 萬一她來了，我會給她錢。（should表示萬一，would表示主詞的意願或單純表示未來的情況）

Today’s video gives us some fascinating insights(/ˈɪn.saɪt/深可見解n.) regarding(關於=about) the inner(內部的) workings of a country so small, you can walk around it in thirty minutes! Coming from Canada, one of the world’s largest countries, this seems almost unimaginable(無法想像的) to me. Anyway, be sure to check out the video. Also, stay tuned to the end, as I have a personal story regarding a very small country that I had the chance to visit several years back. For now, let’s listen to today’s featured sentence!

Today’s sentence is referring to the Pope(教宗n.), and he is the ruler of the Vatican City State. The Vatican is considered an absolute monarchy with the Pope rules over the people with total authority(/əˈθɔːr.ə.t̬i/權力,管轄權) and {?ancestors have} no human power.

1. legislative [ˋlɛdʒɪs͵letɪv] a. 法律的；立法的
Legislative means relating to laws or the making of laws. So for example, the Pope has the power to write the laws in The Vatican, so he has legislative authority.

In 1984, the Canadian federal(聯邦政府的) government exercised(行使v.) its legislative authority with the Canada Health Act(法案n.), which prohibited(禁止v.) extra billing(收帳n.) and user fees(費用n.) for insured(已投保的a.) services.

2. executive [ɪgˋzɛkjʊtɪv] a. 決策的，管理的；行政上的；行政部門的
The dictionary defines(定義v.) executive as ‘relating to making decisions and managing businesses, or suitable(合適的) for people with important jobs in business’. In this case, however, they’re talking about the Pope’s executive authority in government. In the American government, for example, the executive branch(分支機構n.) carries out(執行) and enforces(強制實行v.) laws. It includes the president, vice president, and the Cabinet(內閣n.).

There was a struggle(抗爭n.) between the Executive branch of government and Congress(國會n.).

3. wield [wild] v. 施加影響；運用權力
To ‘wield’ something means to have and use it.
The knight(騎士) was wielding a sword(/sɔːrd/劍) made of steel(鋼n.).

To ‘wield power’ means to have a lot of influence(影響n.) or power(勢力n.) over other people.

A close(親近的) adviser(/ədˈvaɪ.zɚ/顧問n.) of the dead King, he now wields power because of that King's death.

And that wraps it up for today’s pronunciation challenge. Now as I mentioned, I can share my own personal story regarding a very small country. In the year 2000, I was on vacation in Europe, driving a rented(出租的) car from Germany to France. Unfortunately, I had car trouble on the way there, and had to be towed(tow拖吊v.) off(離開adv.) the highway. At the time the car broke down(故障), I was just outside of the tiny country of Luxembourg([ˋlʌksəm͵bɝg]盧森堡), so that’s where I was towed. The young man driving the tow truck(拖吊車) told me many interesting things about Luxembourg. He said that the whole country had a population of roughly(大約adv.) 500,000 people, which is only a fraction(極小的部分n.) of what major cities like Toronto or Taipei have. He said the country had zero percent unemployment(失業n.), at that many residents(居民n.) of neighboring(鄰近的) countries would commute(通勤v.) into Luxembourg just to work. Also, he said that most young people in Luxembourg could speak four languages - English, French, German, and Luxembourgish. Yeah, that’s right! This tiny country even has their own native(本地的) language! How cool is that!

嘎油
He has full legislative, executive and judicial powers, and if he should die and there’s some downtime, then the College of Cardinals wields those powers.

Day378