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  • Hello, my name is Kareem Adeem.

  • I'm the Acting Director of Department

  • of Water and Sewer Utilities

  • at the city of Newark, New Jersey.

  • So actually what we're doing here today,

  • we're replacing lead service lines.

  • The city's replacing a little of 18,000 lead service lines

  • in the 24 to 30 mile period.

  • We're in the Northern, New Jersey.

  • When they first started building water and sewer

  • infrastructures, the sewer they were using,

  • wood or clay pipe.

  • And later on, they started using lead service lines.

  • They didn't have these heavy equipment machinery.

  • So we dug holes with picks and shovels.

  • Lead is very flexible.

  • It's very bendable.

  • So this is a lead service line.

  • Durable, heavy, and they use lead, like I said,

  • when they were digging trenches, right?

  • Lead's very flexible.

  • Right?

  • And the late '30s, mid '40s, lead started being scarce.

  • They were having World War I, World War II.

  • They started using that for bullets.

  • And they started using copper.

  • Copper became a new thing to use.

  • And the machining was different once they used copper.

  • And we continue to use copper.

  • In the late '60s, early '70s,

  • they started looking at PVC, the little plastic pipe.

  • They use that more now.

  • But all the cities like New York City, Chicago, Detroit,

  • most of the older cities on the East Coast,

  • they used lead and they transitioned over to copper.

  • Technology has improved.

  • As technology improves, science has improved.

  • So things that we though were good for us 10 years ago,

  • five years ago, 20 years ago,

  • we're finding out they're not.

  • In 1953, Newark banned the use of lead.

  • If you built a new home, you had to use copper.

  • If you made a repair on an old lead service

  • that was leaking, you had to replace it with copper.

  • In 1986, the Federal Government banned the use of lead

  • and lead solder.

  • Health defects of lead.

  • To replace all the lead services

  • in the entire United States.

  • Today that price is between 60 to $80,000,000,000.

  • So in 1991, they came up with corrosion control,

  • ways that you can prevent lead from leaching into water.

  • No raising the PH, putting in orthophosphate

  • or sodium silicate.

  • They would create a prophylactic liner throughout the pipe

  • that would prevent lead from leaching into water.

  • 2017, after 25 years,

  • the city had it's first lead exceedence.

  • Which required the city to take a number of steps

  • to find out what was going on.

  • And also educate the public about having a lead exceedence.

  • In October of 2018,

  • the US EPA let us know that the corrosion inhibitor that

  • we currently were using was failing.

  • That liner was coming apart.

  • So Newark, at that time, decided to give out 39,000 free

  • water filters to its customers

  • as an immediate relief to protect lead

  • from leaching into the water.

  • In April of 2018,

  • we rolled out the lead service replacement program.

  • And a year later, started replacing lead service lines.

  • We just want to get rid of lead services.

  • We don't want to keep having to put chemical,

  • find the chemical 20 years from then they may fail again.

  • Let's just get rid of the lines.

  • This crew right here is responsible

  • to replace 25 lead service lines per day.

  • They come in, they make arrangements

  • with the homeowner saying,

  • "Are you gonna be available tomorrow morning at 7:00 a.m.?"

  • We're gonna come and do a pre-inspection the night before.

  • Letting the homeowner know at seven in the morning today.

  • We're gonna start construction

  • to replace the lead service line.

  • It could be a full replacement,

  • which would be from the water main

  • to the house.

  • Or it could be a partial replacement,

  • meaning they have copper from the meter to the curb,

  • and they have lead coming form the curb

  • to the city's water main.

  • This crew is actually do a partial in this home right now.

  • They're gonna do from the street to the curb.

  • They'll tie in those two copper pipes

  • with a little valve.

  • In this house, they're doing a full replacement.

  • They're using a bullet trenchless technology.

  • Trenchless technology allows us not to make an open cut.

  • We're doing a trench from the building all the way

  • to the street into the city's water main.

  • So we use these little moles or bullets they call them

  • that penetrates underneath the ground.

  • To make a hole, they either pull the pipe

  • or push a pipe through.

  • So the bullet works by compressed air.

  • It's a compressor air hose.

  • And the air pressure's just forcing it to come through

  • like it's a mole.

  • And it just penetrates through

  • through the soil.

  • This is going through.

  • And we can reach into the city's water main.

  • So now we created a hole

  • where we're gonna push the copper pipe through.

  • Right and they bring it through.

  • And also you seen earlier,

  • they hook up a little cable wire onto the copper pipe,

  • and we pull that cable,

  • and as they're pulling that cable,

  • it just rings the copper pipe through the hole.

  • After the plumber comes,

  • and made the connection at the meter,

  • he tied that in,

  • we flush it out for about 30 minutes.

  • We come back out,

  • we re-compact these holes,

  • just a temporary patch that we do on the street.

  • After all the lead service lines are replaced

  • on this whole block,

  • the city's gonna come, probably in the Spring,

  • and mill and pave this whole block.

  • Gonna put new asphalt down.

  • But little over 2200 have been removed throughout the city.

  • And how many are there in total?

  • About a little over 18,000.

  • We're also employing local residents on these projects,

  • and putting money back in the community

  • as we do these replacements too.

  • We work in extreme weather conditions.

  • When it's raining, we're working.

  • When it's snowing, we're working.

  • When it's 100 degrees, we're working.

  • When it's below 10 degrees, we're working.

  • Everybody needs water.

  • Everyday.

Hello, my name is Kareem Adeem.

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