Name: 蘇格蘭如何治理犯罪 (How Scotland is Curing Crime)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T08:54:33.000Z
Duration: 4 min 29 s
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Scottish city Glasgow once held a grim title: "the murder capital of Europe"

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but levels of violence in the city have fallen by 60% in just over a decade

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all thanks to a radical approach: treating violence as a disease.

Here's how Scotland is curing violent crime.

Growing levels of alcohol abuse, unemployment and inequality between the

1980s and early 2000s had contributed to a social crisis in Scotland.

By 2005 the crime rate had reached its highest levels in a decade and the

United Nations released a report which named Scotland as the most violent place in

But it was in Scotland's largest city Glasgow where the problem was most severe.

Nightly I can anticipate around a dozen calls for gang

fighting on the street or group disorder outside somebody's home.

This high concentration of gang violence had pushed Glasgow's murder rate almost three times

crisis Glasgow's regional police force set up the Violence Reduction Unit or VRU.

It became the only police force in the world to take a public health

That meant treating violence as a preventable disease rather

The VRU's new strategy was inspired by the

work of Gary Slutkin, an American physician who'd spent a decade fighting

cholera and AIDS epidemics across Africa during the '80s and '90s

Slutkin was confronted with another epidemic: gun violence.

After mapping crime data he noticed that violence followed the same

One act led directly to another and these were

He also found that violence could be transmitted between people.

If a person was exposed to violence it increased the likelihood

In 2000, Slutkin created a pilot project on the

west side of Chicago which controlled outbreaks of violence in a similar way

to health epidemics and focuses on three key areas.

First to find the cause of an outbreak and interrupt its transmission to other people.

This work is carried out by violence interrupters, people with an

established relationship with the community who can help identify symptoms

and eliminate the root causes of violence.

who might be at risk of developing violent behavior and try to prevent it from happening.

This is done by offering alternatives to gang membership through

attitudes towards violence, making communities understand that it's

from violence, the VRU has also advocated for stronger penalties for those who

Through lobbying the penalty for carrying a

knife in Scotland has tripled in ten years.

work of the VRU nationwide and during the following decade violent crime fell

by 49 percent, including murders which were reduced by 47 percent.

These dramatic reductions have helped to ease the burden on the Scottish healthcare system

with hospital emergency assault admissions down by 56 percent since 2007.

And the benefits of a reduced crime rate are economic too.

the UK is estimated to cost the taxpayer 2.3 million dollars which is more than

the cost of running the VRU for an entire year.

achieve the lowest levels of crime in the world by 2025, at the other end of

the country London has seen a recent surge in knife crime.

there were 97 fatal stabbings and so the UK capital has announced it will

be one of many cities around the world looking to follow Scotland's example in

the hope of breaking the cycle of violence.

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蘇格蘭如何治理犯罪 (How Scotland is Curing Crime)

approach

inevitable

eliminate

strategy