And I'm Rob.

我是羅勃。

Now, Rob, would you say that you are an introvert or an extrovert?

羅勃，你覺得自己是一個內向，還是外向的人呢？

What a good question!

這是個好問題啊！

Well, extroverts are confident in their personality.

嗯， 外向的人對自己很有自信。

They're outgoing and comfortable in social situations.

他們很開朗也擅於社交。

So I would have to say that, if anything, I'm the opposite.

所以我覺得我應該是相反的。

I'm more of an introvert. I'm really quite shy.

我比較像是內向的人。我真的很羞怯。

I feel uncomfortable in social situations.

在社交場合上我會感到不自在。

For example, if I go to a party where I don't know anyone, I usually feel very embarrassed.

舉例來說，如果我參加了一個沒有我認識的人的派對，我會覺得非常尷尬。

And I find it impossible to start conversations with strangers.

而且我很難和陌生人開始交談。

But you do all of this on the radio and videos for BBC Learning English, don't you?

但你不是在 BBC Learning English 的廣播和影片中和陌生人交談了嗎？

Some would say you have to be an extrovert to do what we do.

有些人會說你必須是個外向者才能做我們的工作。

Ah! Well, maybe I'm pretending to be an extrovert to hide the fact that I'm an introvert.

啊！那麼，我可能就在假裝是個外向者，來隱藏我是個內向者的事實吧。

It's quite a common thing, you know.

你知道，這很常見的。

Well, it might not be so easy to hide in the future.

不過未來可能就不太容易隱藏囉。

Because researchers have developed a computer program that can tell your personality from looking at where you look, by tracking your eye movements.

有研究者研發了一個電腦程式，它可以根據你的眼球移動方式，來了解你的個性。

Wow! That sounds pretty hi-tech and scary.

哇！這聽起來很高科技，也很嚇人。

Well, we'll learn more shortly, but first a question on the topic of clever computers.

我們很快就會學到更多，但首先有一個問題是關於智慧型電腦。

The letters "AI" stand for "Artificial Intelligence".

字母「AI」代表人工智慧。

But what are the letters "AI"? Are they

但什麼是字母「AI」？它們是...

A) an abbreviation

A) 縮寫、

B) an acronym, or

B) 首字母縮寫（縮寫後可以當成一個單字唸出來的）、

C) an initialism?

C) 首字母縮寫（縮寫後無法當成一個單字發音，必須逐個字母唸出來）。

OK, I thought that was going to be easy, but I think it's an abbreviation, isn't it?

我覺得這應該很簡單，我覺得應該是縮寫，是嗎？

Well, you'll have to wait until the end of the programme to find out!

你必須等到節目尾聲答案才會揭曉喔！

Sabrina Hoppe is a researcher at the University of Stuttgart.

Sabrina Hoppe 是斯圖加特大學的研究員。

She was interviewed on the BBC Radio programme "All In The Mind".

她在 BBC 的廣播節目《全心全意》中受訪。

She spoke about an experiment in which they tracked the eye movements of people in real situations.

她談論了一個實驗，他們追蹤真實情況下人們的眼球移動狀況。

This is what she said about the research.

以下是她就研究指出。

Was she confident the experiment would work in the real world?

她是否對這個實驗有信心，認為這可以在現實世界發揮作用？

The main finding in our study is that it's possible at all to just look at eye movements and then predict something about their personality.

我們的研究中最重要的發現就是，只要看人們的眼球移動狀況，就可能預測出他們的個性。

And before our study, it was not clear at all if this would be possible from eye movements in such an unconstrained real-world setting.

在我們的研究之前，還不清楚在這個不受限制的現實世界中，從眼球移動得知人們的性格是否可行。

So, was she confident this would work?

所以，她是否相信他們的技術會成功？

No, not really.

不，沒有，

She said that before the study, it wasn't clear if it would be possible in an unconstrained real-world setting.

她說在研究前，還不清楚在不受限制的現實世界使用的可行性。

"Unconstrained" here means that there wasn't strict control over the conditions of the experiment.

「Unconstrained」在這裡的意思是，沒有嚴格控制實驗的條件。

It took place in the real-world, so not in a laboratory.

它發生於現實生活中，而不在實驗室內。

The result of the experiment or the "finding", as she called it, was that by following eye movements, a computer program was able to work out the personality of the subjects.

實驗的結果或是她說的「調查發現」——是電腦程式可以藉由追蹤眼球移動的狀況算出人的個性。

Let's listen again.

我們再聽一次。

The main finding in our study is that it's possible at all to just look at eye movements and then predict something about their personality.

我們在研究中最重要的發現就是，只要看人們的眼球移動狀況。就可能預測出他們的個性。

And before our study, it was not clear at all if this would be possible from eye movements in such an unconstrained real-world setting.

在我們的研究之前，還不清楚在這個不受限制的現實世界中，從眼球移動得知人們的性格是否可行。

So how does the software work?

所以這軟體是怎麼運作的呢？

For example, what are the differences in the eye movements of extroverts compared to introverts?

像是，外向的人的眼球移動狀況，與內向的人比較起來有什麼差異？

We still don't really know in detail what makes the difference.

我們還是不太知道詳細是有什麼差異。

We can only tell that there are differences and that we know computer programs that can pick up those differences.

只能說我們發現有些差異。然後我們知道電腦程式可以找出那些差異。

Maybe extrovert people look up a lot because they want to look at people's faces.

有可能外向者經常往上看，因為他們想要看著人們的臉。

Whereas, some super introvert person maybe just stares at their own shoes.

然而有些超級內向者，也許只看著他們自己的鞋子。

If you want to take the extreme examples.

這算是較極端的舉例。

So, probably it somehow changes gaze.

可能在某種程度上會改變目光。

But we only know that this information is there and somehow our programme figured out how to extract it.

但是我們只知道這個訊息的存在，我們的程式以某種方式，找出如何提取差異性。

So how does it work?

所以它是怎麼運算的？

Well, that's the strange thing.

這是很奇妙的事情。

She said that she didn't really know, at least not in detail.

她說她也不太清楚，至少不夠深入了解。

She did say that our personality somehow changes gaze.

她是有說我們的個性，在某種程度上會改變目光。

"Gaze" is another word for looking at something.

「Gaze」是注視的意思。

So maybe we gaze in different ways depending on our personality.

所以依照我們的個性，也許我們都以不同方式注視。

Extroverts may look up more and introverts, like me, may look down more.

外向者傾向往上看，像我一樣屬於內向的人較會往下看。

Yes, it was interesting that she said that she didn't know how it did it.

沒錯，這很有趣。她說她不知道這是怎麼做到的。

But the program somehow managed to figure it out.

但是程式以某種方式找出解決方法。

The phrasal verb "to figure something out" means "to understand or realise something".

片語「to figure something out」意思是「去了解或者發現某事」。

Time to review today's vocabulary, but first, let's have the answer to the quiz question.

到了複習今天單字的時候了，但首先，我們先揭曉小考問題的答案。

I asked what are the letters "AI"? Are they....

我問什麼是字母「AI」？它們是...

A) an abbreviation

A) 縮寫、

B) an acronym

B) 首字母縮寫（縮寫後可以當成一個單字唸出來的）、

C) an initialism

C) 首字母縮寫（縮寫後無法當成一個單字發音，必須逐個字母唸出來）。

Rob, what did you say?

羅勃，你的答案是什麼？

I said A) an abbreviation.

我選 A) 縮寫。

Well sorry, no, "AI" is C), so to speak.

抱歉，你答錯了！「AI」可以說是 C)。

It's an initialism.

這是個首字母縮寫（縮寫後無法當成一個單字發音，必須逐個字母念出來）。

It's the first letters of the words "artificial intelligence",

是人工智慧這個詞的第一個字母縮寫。

but it's not pronounced like a new word, just the initial letters.

但不是當成一個新單字發音，只是縮寫字而已。

Right, time now to review today's vocabulary.

現在是複習今天單字的時間了！

Yes. We had the word "extrovert".

沒錯，我們有「extrovert」（外向者）。

This describes someone who has a very outgoing personality.

是指擁有外向開朗個性的人。

An extrovert is confident and socially comfortable.

一個外向的人是很有自信且擅於社交。

By contrast, an "introvert" is someone who is shy and not comfortable in social situations and doesn't like being the centre of attention.

相反地，「introvert」（內向者）是個性害羞的人，且不擅於社交，不喜歡受人矚目。

Our report today talked about the findings of some new research.

今天我們談論到一些新研究的發現。

A "finding" is something that has been learnt, discovered, or indeed, found out.

「finding」（發現）是已經學習、或是真的發現。

It is the conclusion that is reached.

是得出的結論。

Then we had "unconstrained" to describe the experiment which was not carried out in a controlled environment.

再來是「unconstrained」（不受限制的），這形容研究不是在受控的環境中進行的實驗。

So "unconstrained" means "not limited or restricted".

所以「unconstrained」（不受限制的），意思是不受限制的。

Our next word was "gaze".

下一個單字是「gaze」（注視），

This is a word that means "our way of looking at something".

意思是我們看待事物的方式。

Yes, the findings of the research suggest that our personality can affect our gaze.

是的，研究發現顯示，我們的個性可以影響我們注視的方式。

And this was something the computer was able to figure out.

而這是電腦可以運算出來的。

To "figure out" means "to study something and reach an answer to a particular question or problem".

「figure out」（了解）意思是，學習一些東西。並針對特定的問題找出答案。

Right! Well, you know what I've just figured out?

沒錯！你知道我發現什麼了嗎？

Do tell!

說吧！

It's time to bring this edition of 6 Minute English to an end.

現在該結束《六分鐘英文》節目了。

We hope you can join us again,

我們希望下次你會來收聽。

but until then, we are bbclearningenglish.com,

這裡是 bbclearningenglish.com，

and you can find us on social media, online, and on our app.

你可以在社群媒體、網路和我們的 app 上找到我們。

Bye for now.

拜拜！

Bye-bye!

拜拜！