10 things people get wrong about Taiwan.

我們將探討外國人誤會台灣的 10 件事。

Welcome back to China Uncensored.

歡迎收看《中國解密》。

I'm Chris Chappell.

我是 Chris Chappell。

I'm in Taipei,

我住在台北，

the capital of a country that most countries

是一個國家的首都，

don't even recognize as a country.

但大部分的國家不承認這裡是一個國家。

Why not?

為什麼呢？

Because...well, it's complicated.

因為 ... 嗯 ... 這說起來很複雜。

And "complicated" is why so many people get things about it wrong.

也就是因為複雜，所以很多外國人都誤會台灣了。

Here are 10 common misconceptions people have about Taiwan.

這裡有人們對台灣的 10 個常見的誤解。

Misconception #10

第 10 個誤解：

It's officially called Taiwan.

正式官方名稱為台灣。

No.

不對。

Most people call this place "Taiwan".

大部分人稱這個地方為「台灣」，

But its official name is the Republic of China.

但真正的官方稱呼為「中華民國」。

That's different from the People's Republic of China.

這和「中華人民共和國」不一樣。

Taiwan is technically the name of a land mass, not a country.

專業地說「台灣」是土地的名稱，而不是國家。

Taiwan is the main island,

台灣是主島，

this big one that's shaped like a sweet potato.

形狀像是一個番薯。

But the Republic of China government actually has domain

但中華民國政府實際上擁有的領土，

over an archipelago of 166 islands.

超過 166 個群島。

Most of them are really small and no one lives there.

大部分的島嶼都很小，也沒有人居住。

But for simplicity, most people still call the country "Taiwan".

但為了簡單，大部分人都稱這個國家為「台灣」。

And honestly, that's less confusing than calling it the Republic of China.

老實說，這比稱「中華民國」來得較不會讓人疑惑。

It's a bit like calling The Netherlands "Holland".

這就有點像稱荷蘭「Holland」。

It's...good enough.

夠了。

And that's what I'm going to mostly use in this episode for simplicity.

為了簡單辨認，我將在這部影片中使用「台灣」。

Personally, I think we should go back to calling Taiwan

我個人覺得我們應該稱台灣為，

the Republic of Formosa.

「福爾摩沙共和國」。

I mean, look at this flag.

我的意思是看這個旗子，

It's so cool!

真的是太酷了！

What's that, Shelley?

那是什麼，Shelley？

It only lasted five months?

只持續了五個月？

Fine.

好吧！

Misconception #9

第九個誤解：

Taiwan wants to declare independence from China.

台灣想要宣告從中國獨立。

Any way you measure it, Taiwan is a sovereign state.

無論你用哪種方式評估，台灣是一個主權國家。

Taiwan has its own government, passports,

台灣有自己的政府、護照、

currency, trade agreements, and so on.

貨幣和貿易協定等等。

But the People's Republic of China,

但中華人民共和國，

this one, claims Taiwan is just a province of China,

宣稱台灣只是中國的一個省，

even though that is objectively not true.

即使客觀上並非如此。

In reality, Taiwan is independent.

事實上，台灣是獨立的。

But the People's Republic of China has said

但中華人民共和國曾說過，

it would invade Taiwan if it "declares" independence.

如果台灣宣告獨立，他們就會攻打台灣。

The solution?

解決方式？

The current Taiwan government's position is that

目前台灣政府的說法是，

they already "are" an independent country,

他們早已是獨立的國家，

so there's no need to "declare independence".

所以不需要「宣告獨立」。

Problem solved.

問題解決了。

Misconception #8

第八個誤解：

There is a One China Policy,

世界上大部分的國家包含美國，

which most of the world, including the US agrees with.

同意「一中政策」。

No.

不是的。

There is no single One China Policy.

沒有一個單一的一中政策。

The common explanation for the One China Policy

最常見的一中政策解釋是，

is that both the Republic of China and the People's Republic of China

中華民國和中華人民共和國，

claim to be the legitimate ruler of both Chinas,

都宣稱自己是中國的合法統治者。

but they just disagree about which of them is that legitimate ruler.

但他們只是不同意哪一個才是合法統治者。

This is sometimes referred to as the 1992 consensus.

這有時被稱為是「九二共識」。

But people also disagree about what the 1992 consensus is

但人們也不同意九二共識是什麼，

or if it even exists in the first place.

或者甚至根本沒有共識。

Just like Pluto.

就像是冥王星。

So what are the different One China policies?

所以一中政策有什麼不同？

The People's Republic of China has what it calls the One China Principle,

中華人民共和國的「一中原則」，

which is that there is only one legitimate China,

是指只有一個合法的中國，

and the People's Republic of China is it.

就是中華人民共和國。

And that Taiwan is a province of the PRC.

而台灣是中華人民共和國的其中一省。

But their One China Principle doesn't recognize that Taiwan

但他們的一中原則並不承認台灣，

or other countries might have a different view.

或其他國家可能有不同的觀點。

Decades ago under the KMT Party,

幾十年前，在國民黨執政時，

Taiwan had a similar view,

台灣有類似的觀點，

except saying that "they" were the single legitimate China.

除了說「他們」是唯一合法的中國以外。

But now it's 2020.

但現在是 2020 年。

And more and more people in Taiwan don't view themselves as Chinese.

但越來越多台灣人不認為自己是中國人。

They have their own identity as Taiwanese,

他們認為自己是「台灣人」，

and they no longer have any illusions

他們也不再幻想，

that one day they'll retake the mainland.

有一天他們會重新佔領中國大陸。

Sometimes you'll see media reports

有時你會看到媒體報導，

that mention America's One China Policy.

提到美國的一中政策。

And sometimes those media reports will say that America

然後有時那些媒體報導，

agrees with the PRC's One China Policy.

會說美國同意中華人民共和國的一中政策。

These media reports are wrong.

這些報導是錯誤的。

The US does have its own One China Policy.

美國有他們自己的一中政策。

It comes from the 1972 Shanghai Communiqué, which says, essentially,

來自 1972 年的《上海公報》，

that the US acknowledges that China and Taiwan

從根本上表示，

both view themselves as the legitimate China.

美國承認中國和台灣都將自己視為合法的中國。

But the US's policy doesn't take sides

但美國政策保持中立，

on which one is the legitimate China.

沒有支持哪一方為合法中國。

It also doesn't explicitly state the sovereign status of Taiwan.

也沒有明確聲明台灣的主權地位。

Diplomacy: the art of making things so confusing

外交：是一門使事情變得很混亂的藝術，

that everyone stops trying to figure them out.

以至於大家都不再試著釐清事實。

Misconception #7

第七個誤解：

Taiwan is a renegade province of China.

台灣是中國叛變的一省，

Or a "breakaway" province of China.

或是「脫離」中國的一省。

No, that's pure communist propaganda.

不，那是純粹共產主義的宣傳。

At no point in history was the island of Taiwan

在歷史上，

a province of the People's Republic of China.

台灣從未是中華人民共和國的一個省。

In fact, there were only two brief points in history--

實際上，歷史上只有兩個觀點 --

both less than 10 years long--

都是不到 10 年的時間 --

where Taiwan was actually ruled as a province of China.

台灣實際上被中國統治，

And those were during previous eras--

那是很久以前的年代 --

before the People's Republic took over China.

在中華人民共和國統治中國之前。

During Taiwan's history,

在台灣歷史上，

it has also been ruled independently,

曾經也有被荷蘭人、西班牙人和日本人，

as well as by the Dutch, Spanish, and Japanese.

獨立統治過。

Calling Taiwan a "renegade province"

稱台灣是中國的叛變省，

or a "breakaway province" of China

或是中國的脫離省，

is just buying into the propaganda.

都只是虛張宣傳。

Misconception #6

第六個誤解：

The PRC wants "re-unification".

中華人民共和國想要「重新統一」。

Well, they say they do.

她們說會這樣做。

But built into that phrase is more propaganda.

但這話置入更多宣傳。

Taiwan can't "re-" unify with the People's Republic of China,

台灣不可能和中華人民共和國「重新」統一，

since as I mentioned,

就像我前面提到的，

it was never unified in the first place.

它從來就沒有統一過。

Chinese speaking people aren't so easily fooled.

說中文的人不會那麼容易上當。

So in Chinese,

所以在中國，

the People's Republic of China just calls it "unification".

中華人民共和國只稱為「統一」。

Misconception #5

第五個誤解：

Taiwan is culturally Chinese.

台灣是中國文化。

In Taiwan, the most common language is Mandarin.

在台灣最常見的語言是普通話 (中文)。

But it's not strictly Chinese culture.

但這不完全是中國文化。

During most of the last millennium,

在上個千年，大部分的時間裡，

the island of Taiwan was ruled by various aboriginal people,

台灣是被不同種族的原住民統治，

who spoke their own languages and had their own customs.

他們有自己的語言和風俗習慣，

In the mid-1600s,

在 1600 年代中期，

Taiwan was occupied by the Dutch and the Spanish.

台灣被荷蘭人和西班牙人佔領。

And from 1895 through 1945, it was ruled by Japan.

然後從 1895 年到 1945 年被日本統治。

Sure, Taiwan had Chinese immigrants,

當然，台灣有很多中國的移民者，

but it was not mainly a Chinese place.

但這不是主要的中國。

After World War II,

在第二次世界大戰後，

the winners--i.e.

勝利國 --

America--

例如：美國 --

made Japan leave Taiwan.

要求日本離開台灣。

The US gave the island to their ally,

美國將台灣交給他們的盟友，

the Republic of China government,

也就是中華民國政府，

which at the time ruled all of China.

當時還統治著整個中國。

But that rule only lasted a few more years.

但統治只持續了幾年，

The communists started a civil war, and won.

共產黨人發起內戰，並且贏得勝利。

In 1949, the Republic of China government fled to the island of Taiwan,

在 1949 年，中華民國政府逃到台灣，

where they re-established their government along with military rule,

重新建立了政府，以及軍事統治，

and enforced the Mandarin language and Chinese culture.

並強化普通話 (中文) 和中國文化。

Misconception #4

第四個誤解：

Taiwan's national day celebrates the founding of their country.

台灣的國慶日是慶祝他們國家的成立。

No.

不是的。

Taiwan's national day is not an independence day.

台灣的國慶日不是獨立的日子。

It actually celebrates October 10, 1911--

事實上是慶祝 1911 年 10 月 10 日 --

the start of the Wuchang uprising

武昌起義的開始，

that eventually overthrew the Qing Dynasty.

最後推翻清朝統治。

That uprising eventually led to the founding of the Republic of China.

這場起義最終成立了中華民國。

It can be confusing, because the People's Republic of China

因為中華人民共和國有自己的國慶日，

has their own national day.

因此可能會造成混淆。

And theirs does celebrate their founding.

他們的確是在慶祝國家的成立。

Misconception #3

第三個誤解：

Most people in Taiwan want unification with mainland China.

大多數台灣人希望與中國大陸統一。

No, that's pure communist propaganda.

不，這也是共產黨的宣傳手段。

But the opposite isn't quite true either.

但相反的情況也不一定是正確的。

There's a wide variety of views.

有各式各樣的看法。

"Unification" is a spectrum.

「統一」是個範圍。

After seeing what happened in Hong Kong,

在看到香港發生的事情後，

most people in Taiwan don't want unification under that system,

雖然少數愚蠢的人們認為，

although there's a minority of stupid people

這沒有那麼糟糕，

who somehow think it wouldn't be so bad.

但大部分的台灣人不希望在那樣的制度下統一。

But some people in Taiwan would be happy to unify,

但是「如果」中國變成民主體制，

"if" China becomes a democracy.

特別是如果中國共產黨先解散，

Especially if the Chinese Communist Party is completely gone first.

那麼一些台灣人就可能樂於統一。

And then there are some people in Taiwan

然而還是有些台灣人，

who want complete independence,

無論如何，

no matter what.

都想要完全獨立。

But it seems that most people in Taiwan--

但似乎大部分的台灣人 --

including both major political parties--

包含兩個主要政黨 --

want to keep the status quo of not being unified,

希望保持不被統一的現狀，

and waiting to see what happens.

靜觀其結果。

The political parties mainly disagree over

國民黨和民進黨的主要觀點不同，

how much to engage with China economically,

是在經濟上與中國貿易的程度，

but both want to maintain Taiwan's sovereignty.

但雙方都希望維護台灣的主權。

Misconception #2

第二個誤解：

Political interference in the election was not effective

因為蔡英文贏得總統大選，

because Tsai Ing-wen won the election.

所以政治干預選舉無效。

No.

不對。

Tsai "did" win the election on January 11.

蔡英文是在 1 月 11 日贏得選舉。

If you saw our previous video,

你如果看到我們以前的影片，

you know that Hong Kong was a big factor in Tsai's win.

你就會知道香港事件成為蔡英文贏得選舉的關鍵因素。

As well as her campaign's anime adventure game called

以及她競選中的動漫冒險遊戲，

"What?!

「什麼？！

I am Taiwanese third-year high school from Class 2,

我是來自 2 班的台灣高三生，

suddenly fell into a different world and met the president?!"

突然掉進一個不同的世界，然後見到總統？！」

I'm never going to get tired of saying that.

我不厭其煩地這樣說，

But the Chinese Communist Party had tried really,

中國共產黨真的盡最大努力，

really hard to stop Tsai from winning.

阻止蔡英文當選。

They interfered with the elections in a variety of ways,

他們用各式各樣的方式干預選舉，

including supporting her opponents' campaigns,

包含支持她的競爭對手，

spreading fake news on social media,

散播假消息到社群媒體，

and even buying up Taiwanese media,

甚至買通台灣的媒體，

and having them run anti-Tsai propaganda.

並讓他們進行反蔡宣傳。

That actually influenced a lot of people.

這確實影響了許多人對蔡英文的看法。

It just wasn't enough to stop Tsai from being elected.

只是還不足以阻止蔡英文當選。

And the Communist Party's political interference

但共產黨的政治干預，

is not going away, either.

也不會消失。

And Misconception #1

第一個誤解：

The US president can't meet with Taiwan's president

因為美國和台灣沒有正式的外交關係，

because we don't have formal diplomatic ties.

所以美國總統不可以見台灣總統。

The last time a sitting US president visited Taiwan was 1960.

美國總統最後一次拜訪台灣是在 1960 年。

After the US switched diplomatic alliances to China in 1979,

在 1979 年，美國將外交同盟轉為中國後，

US presidents have avoided

美國總統就避免，

all direct communication with Taiwan's presidents,

所有與台灣總統的直接交流，

so as to not anger the Chinese regime.

以免激怒中國政權。

Except that one phone call 3 years ago.

除了三年前的一通電話，

But you know, Trump will do Trump.

但你知道川普總是做自己。

But there's no law actually stopping the US and Taiwan presidents

但實際上，沒有法律可以阻止美國總統和台灣總統，

from having phone chats, or even a face-to-face meeting.

電話聊天或是面對面交談。

All it takes is a Taiwan president who has a strong mandate from the people.

能這樣做的就只有擁有人民強大使命的台灣總統，

and a US president who isn't afraid of pissing off communist China.

和不怕中國共產黨的美國總統。

I mean, the US doesn't have official diplomatic relations with North Korea,

我的意思是美國和北韓也沒有正式的外交關係，

but that didn't stop "this" meeting from happening.

但這不影響「這次」會議的發生，

Or this meeting.

或是「這次」，

Or this meeting.

又或是「這次」。

So there's no reason Trump can't meet with

因此，川普沒有理由不能與民主選舉出的

a democratically elected leader and ally.

總統和盟友見面。

I guess we'll have to wait and see what happens.

我猜我們必須拭目以待。

So what do you think?

那麼你怎麼想呢？

Leave your comments below.

你可以在下方留言你的想法。

Once again, I'm Chris Chappell.

我是 Chris Chappell。

See you next time!

下回見！