Name: 你能解開叛軍補給的謎題嗎？- Alex Gendler (Can you solve the rebel supplies riddle? - Alex Gendler)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T08:40:29.000Z
Duration: 5 min 18 s

You're overseeing the delivery  of crucial supplies to a rebel base

你負責監管將重要補給品 遞送到反抗軍基地的過程，

基地位在敵人領土 深處的心臟地帶。

情態助動詞 B1

To get past Imperial customs, all packages must follow a strict protocol:

若要通過帝國的海關，所有的包裹 都要遵循一項嚴格的協定：

if a box is marked with  an even number on the bottom,

如果箱子的底部標記了偶數數字，

它就必須要用紅色的蓋子來封裝。

The boxes are already being loaded  onto the transport

在箱子全被放上運輸交通工具後，

One of the four boxes  was sealed incorrectly,

四個箱子中有一個的封裝不正確，

但他們已經無法追蹤是哪一個。

All the boxes are still  on the conveyor belt.

Two are facing down:  one marked with a four,

兩個箱子被反過來放： 一個標記了「4」，

You know that any violation  of the protocol

will get the entire shipment confiscated and put your allies in grave danger.

But any boxes you pull off for inspection won't make it onto this delivery run,

depriving the rebels  of critically needed supplies.

若你把某個箱子拿下來查驗， 它就趕不上這次遞送，

The transport leaves in a few moments, with or without its cargo.

反抗軍就得不到迫切需要的補給品。

Which box or boxes should you  grab off the conveyor belt?

運輸交通工具馬上就要離開了， 不論有沒有貨都會開走。

Pause the video now if you want to figure it out for yourself!

你應該從輸送帶上取下 哪一個或哪幾個箱子？

如果你想要試著自己解題， 請在這裡暫停！

It may seem like you need to inspect  all four boxes

看起來似乎你會需要 查驗所有四個箱子，

看看每個箱子的另一面是什麼。

但，事實上，當中 只有兩個才是要緊的。

All it says is that even-numbered boxes  must have a red top.

It doesn't say anything  about odd-numbered boxes,

它只有說，偶數數字的箱子 需要用紅色箱蓋。

so we can just ignore  the box marked with a seven.

它沒有提到奇數數字的 箱子要如何處理，

所以我們可以忽略 標記為「7」的箱子。

Don't we need to check  that the number on the bottom is even?

我們不需要確認一下 它底下的數字是不是偶數嗎？

The protocol says that  if a box has an even number,

協定說，如果箱子是偶數數字，

It doesn't say that only boxes  with even numbers can have red tops,

or that a box with a red top  must have an even number.

它並沒有說只有標記 偶數數字的箱子才能用紅色箱蓋，

The requirement  only goes in one direction.

也沒說紅色箱蓋的箱子一定 得是標記偶數數字的箱子。

So we don't need  to check the box with the red lid.

We do, however,  need to check the one with the black lid,

所以我們不用去檢查 紅色箱蓋的箱子。

to make sure it wasn't incorrectly  placed on an even-numbered box.

然而，我們確實需要檢查 黑色箱蓋的那個箱子，

If you initially assumed the rules  imply a symmetrical match

來確保沒有不小心將黑色箱蓋 蓋在偶數數字的箱子上。

between the number on the box  and the type of lid, you're not alone.

如果你一開始就假設 這些規則意味著箱子上的數字

That error is so common, we even have a name for it:

和箱蓋的類型之間有著 對稱的配對，你並不孤單。

那種錯誤非常常見， 它甚至被起了個名字：

that just because a certain condition  is necessary for a given result,

誤認為當某一個條件 必然會導致某個結果時，

For instance, having an atmosphere  is a necessary condition

光是有它就足以導致這個結果。

比如，「有大氣」是星球適合居住的

But this doesn't mean that  it's a sufficient condition –

planets like Venus have atmospheres  but lack other criteria for habitability.

但這並不表示有這個條件就充分了。

If that still seems hard  to wrap your head around,

像金星也有大氣， 但它缺乏其他居住條件。

let's look at  a slightly different problem.

咱們來看一個不太一樣的問題。

You see one marked for shipment  to a steakhouse

想像這些箱子中放的是食品雜貨。

你看到一個箱子上寫著 要運送到一間牛排屋，

Then you see two more boxes  turned upside down:

另一個箱子則是要 運送到素食餐廳。

接著你又看到兩個 反過來放的箱子。

make sure the meat isn't being shipped  to the vegetarian restaurant,

and that the box going there  doesn't contain meat.

確保肉品不要被運送到素食餐廳，

以及運送到素食餐廳的 那個箱子中沒有肉品。

and the box bound for the steakhouse  can contain either product.

洋蔥運送到這兩個地方都沒關係，

要運送到牛排屋的箱子 也可以裝這兩種食品。

為什麼這個情境似乎就容易多了？

two possible conditions for the top of the box,

形式上，它也是同樣的問題——

But in this case, they're based on  familiar real-world needs,

and we easily understand that  while vegetarians only eat vegetables,

但在這個例子中，這些條件 是根據真實世界的需求來設計，

我們很容易了解素食者只吃蔬菜，

In the original problem, the rules seemed more arbitrary,

原始問題的規則似乎隨意許多，

the logical connections  become harder to see.

In your case, you've managed  to get enough supplies through

會比較難看出當中的邏輯連結。

to enable the resistance  to fight another day.

在你的情況中，你得以 讓足量的補給品通關，

And you did it by thinking  outside the box –

而你能辦到，就是因為 你的思考能跳脫箱子——

字幕列表影片播放

你能解開叛軍補給的謎題嗎？- Alex Gendler (Can you solve the rebel supplies riddle? - Alex Gendler)

crucial

entire

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