Name: 【CNN10】武漢肺炎疫情、人體體溫標準將改變、Google 將不支援第三方 cookies (98.6 Degrees: No Longer The Standard? | January 31, 2020)
Uploaded: 2020-02-17T21:01:30.000Z
Duration: 10 min 1 s

不要改變自己！愛你們的 Carl 敬上。

Got some really interesting info coming up.

We begin by explaining some international responses to a spreading disease.

我們先來解釋一些在國際上對一個傳染病的回應。

The Wuhan coronavirus started in the Chinese city of Wuhan in the eastern-central part of the country, but now it's spread all over China and all across the world.

新冠肺炎從中國中東部的武漢市開始散播，現在已散播到整個中國甚至全世界。

More than 100 cases have been confirmed in 20 other countries, from Asia to North America, to Europe, the Middle East, and Oceania.

在其他 20 國出現了超過 100 例的確診案例，從亞洲、北美、歐洲、中東到大洋洲都有。

Mainland China has counted more than 8,100 cases so far.

中國大陸則目前為止出現超過 8,100 例確診。

There have been 171 deaths from the Wuhan coronavirus there, which represents a little over 2% of everyone who's caught it.

已經有 171 例死亡，這代表著死亡率約略高於 2%。

The fear of this virus has welled up worldwide.

對這種病毒的恐懼在全世界迅速蔓延。

Russia has shut down its borders with China.

Several airlines, including American, United, Lufthansa, and British Airways, have stopped flying to and from parts of China.

包含美航、聯航、德航與英航等航空公司已停飛中國的部分區域。

And in Italy, 7,000 people were held aboard a cruise ship yesterday afternoon because a 54-year-old woman from Hong Kong had come down with a fever.

在義大利，昨天下午有 7,000 人被關在一艘郵輪上，因一名 54 歲香港婦人發燒了。

She and her husband were eventually found not to have the Wuhan coronavirus, but officials wanted to get the results before letting people off the boat.

她和她丈夫最後被證實沒有得到新冠肺炎，但官方仍希望在放人前得到結果。

A CNN correspondent in Hong Kong, where 10 cases have been confirmed, says parts of the city are like a ghost town.

一名 CNN 特派記者前往已有 10 例確診的香港，表示該城有些地方簡直像空城。

Instead of having large celebrations for Chinese New Year, people there are having to wait in three-hour lines to buy surgical face masks, which they believe will help keep them from catching the virus.

當地民眾不舉辦新年的大型慶典，而是排三小時的隊來買醫療口罩，他們相信這樣可防止自己被病毒侵入。

The World Health Organization met again yesterday and decided to declare the novel coronavirus a public health emergency of international concern.

在昨日，世界衛生組織再度開會，並宣布新型冠狀病毒為「國際公共衛生緊急事件」。

That declaration triggers a more organized effort to respond to the virus internationally.

這項宣布讓國際間對病毒的反應更加全面。

A normally traffic-jammed highway in the city of Wuhan, China, near empty, only a few passing vehicles, public transportation shut down.

中國武漢市通常會塞車的高速公路現在幾乎是空的，只有一些車子通過，大眾運輸也停擺。

Only a few residents spotted outside, eerie for a city 11 million people call home.

在外面只看得到一些居民，對一個有 1,100 萬人口的城市而言非常詭譎。

Major food chains closing to customers, from Starbucks to KFC, to McDonald's, lights off inside.

知名連鎖店也都沒開，從星巴克、肯德基到麥當勞，店內都一片漆黑。

This Walmart, open and crowded, shoppers wearing face masks inside, and quickly buying up what's left, leaving bare produce stands behind.

這家沃爾瑪有開，裡頭非常多人，購物的人都戴著口罩，快速抓走剩下的商品，留下空蕩蕩的貨架。

Outside the lockdown zone, similar scenes across Mainland China.

在封閉區域之外，類似的場景在中國大陸各地出現。

There's 24 million people in Shanghai, and I'm walking in the middle of the street.

上海有 2,400 萬人，而我現在正走在大路的中間。

American College student, Jenna Davidson, arrived in Shanghai a few weeks ago for the spring semester.

美國大學生 Jenna Davidson 前幾週抵達上海，準備下學期的交換。

You know, we got here before the outbreak, and it went south really quick.

我們在疫情爆發前抵達，而事情惡化得非常快。

She says finding food in the massive city has gotten increasingly difficult.

她表示在這大城市裡找食物已開始變得非常困難。

Um, we almost felt as though they didn't realize that we're still living on it because we didn't even have, like, hot water for a few days and, um, the cafeterias on campus are closed.

差點就認為他們沒意識到我們還在校園裡，因為我們好幾天沒有熱水，學校裡的餐廳也都沒開。

So, we started realizing, well, we need food, and most stores within walking distance have been shut down, or it's like zombie land in there, everyone's fighting for what's left on the shelves.

我們後來意識到需要食物，而大多數步行距離會到的商店都沒開，或是像喪屍城一般，大家都在搶架上剩下的東西。

This is the guy who takes my temperature nine times a day.

這就是每天量我體溫九次的人。

She even sent this photo to her dad, trying to reassure him.

她甚至傳這張圖片給她爸，想要讓他放心。

For a while, I wasn't telling my dad everything, but he was finding out on the news just how bad it was.

有一陣子，我沒跟我爸講所有的事情，但他在新聞上開始看到了事情的嚴重性。

She and her fellow classmates now booked on flights to get out.

她和同學們現在買了機票要離開。

What is one thing that all poikilotherms have in common?

Are they all fish, four legged, cold blooded, or endothermic?

他們都是魚、四隻腳、冷血，還是會吸熱？

Poikilotherms have variable body temperatures.

So, with our relatively high, unchanging body temperatures, you and I are considered warm blooded.

而人類相對較高且恆溫的體溫，我們被認為是溫血動物。

Since a German doctor took the temperatures of 25,000 patients in the mid-1800s, it's been accepted that normal human body temperature is 98.6º Fahrenheit.

1800 年代中期有名德國醫生，他測量了 25,000 名病患的體溫，得出正常人類的體溫為華氏 98.6 度 (攝氏 37 度)。

But now, a few studies are indicating that's no longer true.

但現在，有些研究開始表示這不再正確了。

The most recent one, published by Stanford University, found our bodies actually average a temperature of 97.5º Fahrenheit.

最近期的研究是史丹佛大學發表的，表示人類平均體溫其實是華氏 97.5 度 (約攝氏 36.3 度)。

Researchers looked at American's records dating back to the U.S. Civil War.

研究員從美國內戰起的記錄開始研究。

And they didn't find that the old average was wrong.

他們並沒有發現舊數據是錯的。

They found that our bodies are somehow cooling down with each new generation.

他們發現每一世紀人類的體溫似乎漸漸在下降。

Scientists aren't sure exactly why, something is because we spend more time in heat and air conditioning than our ancestors did, and they don't know if this means anything good or bad related to our health.

科學家並不知道原因，有可能因為我們比祖先花更多時間待在暖氣與冷氣房裡，他們也不知道這樣對我們的健康是正面還是負面影響。

But it is possible that the old 98.6º benchmark is now more than a whole degree too high.

但有可能舊的華氏 98.6 度標準對現在而言已經過高一度了。

Third-party cookie might sound like one too many, but as far as the internet goes, Google is getting rid of them from its Chrome browser.

第三方 cookie 聽起來好像很多方，但隨著網路發展，Google 決定在 chrome 瀏覽器上禁用 cookie。

They can remember what's in your online shopping cart, what your login name and password are, what your address is for auto-filling out forms.

它們會記錄你購物車裡有過什麼、你的登入帳號密碼還有你的地址，用來自動填入表單。

The critics are concerned they could be an invasion of privacy.

Users don't always give permission for their info to be stored, and some don't want records made of the things they've written or the sites they visited online.

網路用戶並不總是允許他們的資料被儲存，有些人並不想要他們在網路上寫的東西或拜訪過的網站被留下紀錄。

If you ever logged onto a browser, you've gotten a cookie.

如果你登入一個瀏覽器，就會有 cookie。

It's a technology that's been around basically as long as the internet.

這是個老科技，可說是跟網路本身一樣老。

And I'm not talking about the edible kind.

我不是在講可以吃的 cookie (餅乾)。

It's fueled the rise of the online global ad business.

cookie 幫助了線上廣告商的崛起。

There's a Facebook jumping in the after hours, up as much as 4%, one point.

Facebook 股票大漲，一度上漲了 4%。

但很快地，這一切都可能會改變。

When you go to a website, it can store information about your visit on your computer.

當你前往一個網站，它可以在你的電腦上儲存資訊。

It contains a unique ID that the website can later used to identify you.

它有獨一無二的身份，讓網站可以用此來辨認你。

So that's how a site remembers your language preferences, that you've logged onto something, that you've put something in your cart.

這就是為什麼網站可以記住你的語言偏好、登入狀態，甚至是你的購物車內容。

That's a first-party cookie, and those aren't going anywhere like real cookies.

這叫做第一方 cookie，且這些不會像真的餅乾一樣亂跑。

Internet cookies come in different flavors.

They come from sites you haven't visited directly, and they're the ones that are going away.

它們來自你沒有直接拜訪過的網站，而這些就是將被禁用的 cookie。

Third-party cookies are far and away the most popular, the most widespread tracking technology on the web.

第三方 cookie 可說是最熱門且最多人使用的網上追蹤技術。

They make it really easy for trackers to build up big, invasive profiles of users without their knowledge.

它們讓追蹤者可以輕易地建立龐大且深入的資料，且用戶本身甚至不知情。

They work like this: an ad on a site will give you a cookie.

它們是這樣運作的：網站上的廣告會給你一個 cookie。

Then, if you go to a different site that uses the same ad server, it can match that third-party cookie and learn more about you. As you visit more websites, more websites, the information associated with that cookie grows, so networks can build profiles of people and serve more targeted more relevant ads based on those cookies.

然後，如果你去另一個網站，而它也使用同一個廣告服務器，它就能與第三方 cookie 配對，並在你拜訪更多網站的同時更加了解你，以此對你推播更有關聯的廣告。

So, when you put an item in a shopping cart on Amazon, but don't buy it, then later see banner ads from the same product on a totally different site, that's a third-party cookie.

所以，當你把一項商品放進亞馬遜的購物車，但不要結帳，之後就會看到同一項商品的廣告，但出現在完全不同的網站，這就是第三方 cookie。

That cookie-driven ad model has enabled sites like Facebook, Google, and CNN.com to serve more effective and relevant ads and then offer their products for free.

這使用 cookie 的廣告模型讓 Facebook、Google 與 CNN.com 可以更有效率地投放廣告，並免費提供產品。

It's formed the backbone for the online ad business, a business that is now worth hundreds of billions of dollars.

第三方 cookie 可說是網路廣告企業的骨幹，現在這行業已價值數十億美金。

Safari and Firefox have already banned third-party cookies, and now Google has announced it will phase them out of Chrome over a two-year period.

Safari 與 Firefox 這兩個瀏覽器已禁用第三方 cookie，現在 Google 也宣布要在兩年內禁用。

And even though Google is not being as strict as Apple and Mozilla in its ban, its actions actually matter the most.

即使 Google 沒有像 Apple 和 Ｍozilla 那樣嚴厲執行，但它的行動卻影響最大。

That's because Chrome controls more than 60 % of the browser market.

那是因為 Chrome 瀏覽器有超過六成的市佔。

當 Google 開始行動，一切就有影響了。

You could show me a time-lapse of a chicken in a yard, I'd find it fascinating

你可以給我看一隻雞在院子裡的縮時影片，我還是會覺得很好看。

But how much more fascinating is this video of the Northern Lights?

但如果這縮時影片是關於北極光的，會變得多好看？

Finnish star gazers recently noticed a unique shape to this aurora.

芬蘭追星者最近發現獨特的極光。

University of Helsinki scientists think it's caused by waves of oxygen atoms in the upper atmosphere.

赫爾辛基大學的科學家認為，是一波波的氧氣原子在大氣層的上層所造成的。

They hope it will help us learn more about that atmosphere—assuming they can all get on the same wavelength without anyone 'auro-rising' up with a bad 'latitude'.

他們希望這可能幫助人類更了解大氣層，假設他們可以在沒人翻臉時達成共識。

Guess it depends on how charged things get and which way the 'solar' wind blows.

事情的發展可能與風怎麼吹有關吧！

At least it's 'magneto' to look at and easy to see why scientists get 'ion' a site that has played its particle and precipitated 'auror-raw-raw-awesome' displays for 'hydro' generations, y'all

至少這對人類是個大事件，且也可以明白為何科學家那麼關注這百年難得一見的極光！

Last stop today is in the Palmetto State, where the warriors of Indian Land Middle School are watching there in Indian Land, South Carolina.

今天的最後一站在帕爾梅托，也就是 Indian Land 中學的戰士們正在收看 CNN 10 的地方。

Hope to see more subscriptions and comments at YouTube.com/CNN.

希望可以在 YouTube.com/CNN 上看到更多訂閱與留言！