Name: 哈利與梅根真的能夠經濟獨立嗎？來了解英國王室的財產 (The British Monarchy's Money, Explained | WSJ)
Uploaded: 2020-02-17T21:01:20.000Z
Duration: 3 min 28 s

情態副詞

Prince Harry and Meghan Markle have said that they will work to become financially independent from the royal family as they step back from their roles in the British monarchy.

哈利王子與梅根・馬克爾表示他們將卸下在英國君主制中的角色，並努力工作以達成經濟獨立，不依靠皇室家族。

That has raised a potentially awkward question.

這引起了一個可能有點尷尬的問題。

反身代名詞

How does the royal family fund itself in the 21st century?

在 21 世紀，皇室家族如何自籌資金？

It's not something the royal family like to publicize, but here's what we know about their main sources of income.

這不是皇室家族喜歡公開談論的事，但以下我們所知道關於他們主要收入來源的資訊。

There's something called the Duchy of Lancaster, almost 45,000 acres of commercial, agricultural, and residential properties in England and Wales owned on behalf of the Queen.

有一塊被稱作蘭開斯特公國的領地，將近 4.5 萬英畝的商業、農業及住宅產業分布在英格蘭及威爾斯，由女王代表擁有。

The Duchy comprises around US$710 million in net assets, which is mostly held in trusts.

該公國由大約 7.1 億美金的淨資產組成，主要由信託機構運作。

The profit made by these sites, castles, historical land, and property at the heart of the capital goes directly to the Queen and no other member of the royal family.

由這些地點、城堡、歷史土地以及位於首都之心的產業所產生的利潤都直接流向女王，沒有其他皇室成員。

Last year, it netted her 20.7 million pounds or US$ 26.7 million.

去年它為女王賺入 2,070 萬英鎊，或是 2,670 萬美金。

Like the Duchy of Lancaster, the Duchy of Cornwall is a private estate, except this one is owned on behalf of Prince Charles.

如同蘭開斯特公國，康瓦爾公國是一個私有財產，不過這個是由查爾斯王子代表擁有。

In 2019, the Duchy of Cornwall paid Charles over US$28 million on almost US$1.2 billion of net assets.

2019 年，淨資產將近 12 億美金的康瓦爾公國支付查爾斯超過 2,800 萬美金。

Though the profit goes directly to Charles, both Prince William and Prince Harry receive money from the Duchy through their father.

儘管利潤是直接流向查爾斯，威廉和哈利王子都會透過他們的父親獲得來自公國的錢。

Last year, they got around five million pounds in total from Prince Charles' fund.

去年他們總共得到約五百萬英鎊來自查爾斯的資金。

There are questions whether Harry will have to give up this source of funding if he is to become financially independent.

外界疑惑，如果哈利要經濟獨立，他是否需要放棄這筆資金來源。

Then there's the family's personal wealth.

That's the investments, companies, and private estates that various royals hold.

也就是各個皇室成員所擁有的投資、公司和私人莊園。

The value of this and what they yield in income is undisclosed.

其價值及其所產生的收入是保密的。

For instance, the Queen privately owns the Sandringham Estate.

例如，女王私底下擁有桑德令罕府。

How much the royal family gains from this income is unknown, but royal biographers estimate the royal family's wealth is in the millions, not the billions.

皇室家族從這筆收入中實際獲得多少是未知的，不過皇室傳記作者估算，皇室家族的財產大約在數百萬，而非數十億。

That means royals in the 21st century might be rich, but they're not super-rich.

這表示 21 世紀的皇室應該是富有的，但不是超級富有。

In a move to keep this revenue stream going, the Duke and Duchess of Sussex, Harry and Meghan, have applied to trademark Sussex Royal, a brand which will cover a whole host of items ranging from socks to greeting cards.

為了維持這筆收益的流動，薩塞克斯公爵夫婦，哈利與梅根申請了「薩塞克斯王室」的商標，這個品牌將會涵蓋從襪子到問候卡的大量商品。

The largest source of income for the royals is government money through a thing called the Sovereign Grant.

皇室最大的收入來源是透過所謂「女王撥款」所獲得的政府資金。

In the 1700s, the monarchy handed over revenues from swathes of land to the government known as the Crown Estate.

在 1700 年代，皇室將大片土地的收入轉交給政府，也就是英國皇家財產局。

Each year, the government pays a percentage of the profits made on those assets back to the monarchy.

每一年，政府會將這些資產所產生的一定比例利潤歸還給皇室。

That annual income is known as the Sovereign Grant.

這個年度收入就是所謂的「女王撥款」。

Last year, it amounted to almost US$ 107 million and it paid for royal duties and the maintenance of palaces including Buckingham Palace.

去年，這筆款項總計有將近 1.07 億美金，並協助支付了皇室公務及各宮殿的維護費，包括白金漢宮。

Meghan and Harry don't appear to be ready to give up all of those funds.

梅根和哈利看起來還沒有準備好放棄這些全部資金。

The couple's website, sussexroyal.com, said that they expect to keep state-funded security.

這對夫妻的網站 sussexroyal.com 表示，他們希望保留由國家資助的維安人員。

And they want to continue to live in a cottage owned by the Queen and refurbished at a cost of US$3.1 million to the taxpayer.

並且他們希望繼續住在女王擁有的一間別墅內，並花費納稅人 310 萬美金進行翻修。

The fact that such a large proportion of the royal income effectively comes from taxpayers is part of the reason why there is such public interest in this decoupling.

如此大量的皇室收入實際上都來自於納稅人的這個情況，正是這場脫離事件如此吸引大眾關注的一部分原因。

The monarchy has spent years trying to rise above such earthly matters as how they are actually paid for.

皇室花費多年努力擺脫像他們實質金錢流向等這類俗世的議題。

And that's one of the reasons why the Meghan and Harry debacle is leaving the monarch feeling uncomfortable.

而這也是女王對於這場梅根與哈利災難感到不悅的原因之一。