As you learn English, you'll want to sound as much like a native English speaker as you can.

在你學英文的過程中，你會希望盡可能聽起來像個英文母語者。

One of the best ways to sound more like a native speaker is to use reductions.

其中一個讓你聽起來更像母語使用者的方式就是使用弱化。

Reductions are when we take sentences like, "I want to eat ice cream."

弱化就是當我們把像 I want to eat ice cream. 這樣的句子。

And we reduce it to, "I wanna eat ice cream."

簡化成 I wanna eat ice cream. 。

You'll notice that we take the two words, "want to" and we kind of squish them together into a new word, which isn't really a word, "wanna."

你會注意到我們把兩個字 want to ，縮成一個新字 wanna ，但它其實並不是真正的字。

So we say things like, "I want to eat ice cream."

所以我們會說 I want to eat ice cream.。

But when we say them out loud, we say, "I wanna eat ice cream."

但是當我們大聲說出來的時候，我們會說 I wanna eat ice cream 。

In this English lesson, I will teach you ten English reductions that will help you sound more like a native English speaker.

在這堂英文課裡，我會教你們 10 個讓你聽起來更像英文母語者的簡化用法。

So the next reduction I wanna teach you takes the words, "let me," and it kind of squishes them into a new word, "lemme."

那下一個我想教你們弱化的是 let me 兩個字。然後把它們縮成一個新字 lemme 。

I know it looks kind of funny, but we do say this.

我知道看起來有點好笑，但我們真的會這麼說。

We take sentences like, "Let me show you how to do that," and we compress it into, "Lemme show you how to do that."

我們把像是 Let me show you how to do that. 的句子。縮成 Lemme show you how to do that.。

The next reduction I want to teach you takes the words, "going to."

下一個我要講的弱化方式，會使用到 going to。

And it squishes them into the word, "gonna."

然後我們把它縮成 gonna。

Again, I do wanna remind you that the reductions themselves aren't real words.

我想要再提醒你們一次，這些弱化用法本身並不是真正的字。

They're just how we say it out loud when we say it quickly.

這些只是當我們說得比較快時，大聲說出來的方式。

So I could say that, "Tonight I am going to eat ice cream."

所以我可以說 Tonight I am going to eat ice cream.。

And the reduced form would be, "Tonight I'm gonna eat ice cream."

那麼它的簡化形就會是 Tonight I'm gonna eat ice cream.。

Notice how I took the words "going to," and I squished them into the word "gonna."

注意到我把 going to 兩個字縮成一個字 gonna。

So my son sometimes can buy lunch at school, but he doesn't always have money.

我兒子有時候會在學校買午餐，但他不見得都有錢。

So sometimes he will say, "Hey, can you give me money to buy lunch today?"

所以有時候他會說 Hey, can you give me money to buy lunch today?。

But what he actually says is, "Hey, can you gimme money to buy lunch today?"

但是他實際上說出來的是 Hey, can you gimme money to buy lunch today?。

So another reduction is when we take the words, "give me," and we squish them together to make the word, "gimme."

因此，另一個弱化是使用 give me。然後我們把它們縮成 gimme。

So I hope you're enjoying the fact that I'm putting sentences on the screen and then pretending to squish them.

我希望你們喜歡我把句子顯示在螢幕上，然後假裝壓扁他們這樣的做法。

Because I could have just stood in front of a whiteboard to teach this lesson, or I coulda just stood in front of a whiteboard.

因為我本來可以站在白板前教這堂課，或者我也可以這麼說：I coulda just stood in front of a whiteboard。

So the phrase "could have," we take the words, "could have", is another reduction when we say this in spoken English.

所以片語 could have，could have 兩個字是另一個我們在口語英文中會使用的弱化。

We usually say, "coulda."

我們通常會說 coulda。

So sometimes there are things that we must do.

有時候有些事情我們必須去做。

There are things that we have to do.

有些事情我們需要去做。

Right now I have to make this video quickly because the sun is coming out.

現在，我需要盡快完成這支影片，因為太陽就要出來了。

But if I said this with a reduction I would say, "I hafta make this video quickly."

但是如果我利用弱化的方式來說，我就會說 I hafta make this video quickly.。

We take the words "have" and "to," and we squish them again into a new word "hafta."

我們把 have 跟 to，再一次縮成一個新字 hafta。

Again, remember these new words are not words that you would write down.

再強調一次，這些字我們是不會用寫的。

They are simply how we say the reduction when we are speaking English quickly or when we are speaking as a native English speaker would speak.

它們僅僅是我們說英文說得很快，或是我們作為一個英語母語使用者會講的弱化方式。

So sometimes my students won't know the answer to the question I'm asking.

有時候我問出的問題，學生們不知道答案。

And they will say, "I dunno."

他們就會說 I dunno.。

This is probably one of the most common reductions in English, "I dunno."

這大概是英文裡最常使用的弱化，I dunno。

And it's probably one that you've heard before.

而且你們之前大概都有聽過。

Sometimes they just use the contraction and say, "I don't know."

有時候他們會用簡短的形式，說 I don't know。

But rarely do they actually say, "I do not know."

但是他們很少會真的說 I do not know。

They don't usually say the full and proper sentence.

他們通常不會講完整、正式的句子。

Usually I hear "I don't know." or "I dunno."

通常我聽到的是 I don't know 或 I dunno。

Usually it's, "I dunno."

通常是 I dunno。

So, sometimes I will have a student come to class without a pen, and they will say they can't do any work because they don't have anything to write with.

那有時候會有學生沒有帶筆來上課。他們就會說，他們沒有辦法做任何事因為沒有東西可以寫字。

And I'll usually ask them, "Don't you have a pen in your locker?"

而我通常會問他們 Don't you have a pen in your locker?。

But usually I'll use a reduction and I'll say, "Doncha have a pen in your locker?"

不過通常我會弱化，並說 Doncha have a pen in your locker?。

Doncha's kind of a funny one.

Doncha 比較有趣。

It's when we take "don't you" and we squish it into "doncha."

這是當我們把 don't you 縮成 doncha。

And it sounds a little funny even when I say it right now, but it is a reduction that we use all the time.

我現在在講的當下也覺得聽起來有點奇怪，但這確實是一個我們經常在使用的弱化。

Often I will say to people, "Doncha have a pen in your locker?"

我經常會跟人說 Doncha have a pen in your locker?。

"Doncha have a pencil in your pencil case?"

Doncha have a pencil in your pencil case?。

So this next reduction takes the words, "got" and "you."

下一個弱化用法是使用 got 和 you。

And it squishes them into either "gotya" or "gotcha."

把它們縮成 gotya 或是 gotcha。

So a full sentence would be, "I got you some coffee from the coffee shop."

所以一個完整的句子會是 I got you some coffee from the coffee shop.。

Or if I reduce it, I could say, "I gotya some coffee from the coffee shop."

或是如果我簡化它，我可以說 I gotya some coffee from the coffee shop.。

Or "I gotcha some coffee from the coffee shop."

或是 I gotcha some coffee from the coffee shop.。

So, sometimes people go and do something fun, and when they come back you might say, "Did you have a good time?"

有時候大家會出門、做些有趣的事。當他們回來的時候，你可以問 Did you have a good time?。

But what you would probably actually say is "Didja have a good time?"

不過你實際上大概會說 Didja have a good time.。

We take the words "did" and "you," and we kinda squish them into "didja."

我們把 did 和 you 縮成 didja。

A weird-looking word, but it is actually what we say a lot in English.

一個看起來很奇怪的字，但確實是我們在英文中很常說的字。

"Didja have a good time?"

Didja have a good time?。

Well hey, thanks for watching this video on English reductions.

嘿，謝謝你們收看這支關於英文弱化的影片。

I hope that you were able to learn a lot of them.

我希望你們可以學到很多。

I hope me squishing sentences on the screen will help you remember them.

我希望我在螢幕上壓扁句子的方式能夠幫助你們把這些記起來。

I'm Bob the Canadian, and you are learning English with me.

我是加拿大人 Bob，而你正在跟我一起學英文。

Thank you so much for watching.

非常感謝你的收看。

Don't forget to click that red subscribe button if you are new here, and give me a thumbs up if this video helped you learn just a little bit more English.

如果你是新來的，別忘了按一下紅色的訂閱鈕。然後給我一個讚，如果這支影片有讓你多學到一點英文。