Name: 為什麼我們還沒有自動駕駛汽車？ (Why Dont We Have Self-Driving Cars Yet?)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T08:33:32.000Z
Duration: 12 min 31 s
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More companies are trying to bring self-driving cars to the masses than

情態副詞

ever before. Yet a truly autonomous vehicle still doesn't exist.

And it's not clear if, or when, our driverless future will arrive.

Proponents like Elon Musk have touted an aggressive timeline but missed

their goals and others in the industry have also missed projections.

Well, our goal is to deploy these vehicles in 2019.

It's happening today. We wanted to check in.

Where exactly are we with self-driving cars?

And when can we expect them to be part of our daily lives?

The current state of driverless cars is very interesting because we've

passed what people refer to as peak hype and we've entered what's called

Which is, even people within the industry are saying, gee, it turns out

We're definitely not anywhere near as far along as a lot of people thought

But I think over the last 18 to 24 months, there's been a real injection

of reality. There was a sense maybe a year or two ago that our algorithms

are so good, we're ready to launch, we're gonna launch driverless cars any

minute. And then obviously there's been these setbacks of people getting

killed or accidents happening and now we're a lot more cautious.

Several big players have begun to walk back their predictions on how soon

Even Waymo's Chief External Officer admitted that the hype around its

self-driving cars has become unmanageable.

The technology has come a long way, but there's still a lot of work to be

done. There's the perception, which is, using the sensors to figure out

what's around the vehicle, in the environment around the vehicle.

Prediction, figuring out what those road users are going to be doing next

Turns out the perception and especially prediction are really, really hard

problems to solve. Companies tackling self-driving today are taking two

general approaches. Some are building a self-driving car from the ground

up. Others are developing the brains that drive the car.

An early leader was Google, who started its self-driving car project in

2009. Known as Waymo today, the company is developing hardware and

software that can function as the brains in a self-driving car.

Founded in 2017 by early players from Uber, Tesla and Google's

self-driving initiatives, it's already raised $620 million in funding from

Aurora is testing vehicles on the road in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and out

here in the Bay Area. We don't yet let the public in our cars.

Our cars are on the road, we have two of our test operators in there.

The technology we're building can operate from a compact electric car, to

a minivan, to even a big, long haul truck.

Argo AI and Aptiv are examples of other companies taking a similar

approach. Lyft is developing its own self-driving systems now too and

offering self-driving rides on its app through partnerships in select

areas. Self-driving is too big for just one company and one effort.

And if you look at our strategy, that is why we're working with partners

on the open platform, Aptiv and Waymo, and why we're building the tech

here. Companies like Tesla, Zoox and GM, with its Cruise division, are

Aiming for self-driving cars that can operate in all environments.

This is the engineering challenge of our generation.

We've raised seven and a quarter billion dollars of capital.

We have deep integration with both General Motors and Honda, which we

think is central when you're building mission critical safety systems and

building those in a way that you can deploy them at very large scale.

Cruise, which was acquired by General Motors in 2016, has been testing its

fleet of vehicles in San Francisco with safety drivers onboard.

To give you a sense for the magnitude of the difference between suburban

driving and what we're doing everyday on the streets of San Francisco.

Our cars on average see more activity in one minute of San Francisco

driving than they see in one hour of driving in Arizona.

Zoox, led by the former chief strategy officer at Intel, is working on

creating an all in one self-driving taxi system with plans to launch in

2020. Instead of retrofitting cars with sensors and computers and saying,

We think there's an opportunity to create a new type of vehicle that from

the very beginning was designed to move people around autonomously.

Nissan and Tesla both have semi-autonomous systems on the roads today.

Tesla's has been available in beta on its vehicles since 2015 and drivers

have been known to use the current system hands-free.

Tesla's promising full self-driving software is just around the corner.

It's going to be tight, but it still does appear that we'll be at least in

limited, in early access release, of a feature complete full self-driving

feature this year. I think Tesla is actually a lot further back than they

would like the world to to believe they are because they are, in fact, so

much more limited in terms of their hardware.

Others are making self-driving shuttles that operate along designated

routes only or focusing on trucks with long haul highway routes.

And then there are companies like Ghost and Comma.ai

Essentially hardware that could be installed in older cars to bring them

For all players in this space, the path ahead is filled with challenges.

Chief among them, proving the technology is safe.

Driverless systems have to meet a very high safety bar that has to be

better than a human before they're deployed at scale.

There are no federally established standards or testing protocols for

today, but there have been fatal crashes.

A woman named Elaine Herzberg was killed by an autonomous Uber with a

safety driver who was paying no attention.

This woman was crossing the street, walking her bicycle, should easily

have been seen by the autonomous vehicle, was not, was run over.

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為什麼我們還沒有自動駕駛汽車？ (Why Dont We Have Self-Driving Cars Yet?)

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