Name: 調時差很不舒服？都是大腦惹的禍！ (What Happens to Your Brain on Jet Lag | WSJ)
Uploaded: 2019-12-19T21:01:10.000Z
Duration: 1 min 57 s

As a travel columnist, I am well-aware of what jet lag feels like, but what about what's happening in my head?

身為旅行專欄作家，我非常熟悉時差的感覺，但時差時大腦裡究竟發生什麼事？

This is Daniela: She's the expert, let's ask her.

這是 Daniela，她是專家，我們來問問她。

程度副詞

Jet lag is a chronobiological problem which is just a fancy way of saying your body's connection to the time of day.

時差是時間生物學的問題，其實就是一個浮誇的說法，來表示身體與時間的連結。

When we travel long distances, our circadian rhythm gets thrown out of whack, making it hard for your body to know when you should sleep and when you shouldn't.

長距離旅行時，我們的全日規律會被打亂，讓身體不知道何時該睡、何時不該睡。

That's because our internal clock is suddenly different than our external clock.

原因是我們的生理時間與外部時鐘突然不同步了。

It also has an effect on your body temperature, blood pressure, plus when you get hungry and how hungry you are.

也會對體溫、血壓、飢餓時間與飢餓度造成影響。

Directly behind your eyes, there's a group of 20,000 nerve cells called the supra-chiasmatic nucleus, or the SCN, a.k.a. your body's master clock.

在雙眼正後方，有個由 20,000 個細胞組成的神經細胞群，稱作視交叉上核，也就是身體的主時鐘。

It controls the production of melatonin, a hormone that helps make you sleepy.

它控制褪黑素的產生，一種幫助入睡的荷爾蒙。

That's what's in the pills you see at any local pharmacy.

褪黑素也是安眠藥的常見成分。

When you move across time zones, your body's clock is still operating based on where you were, not where you are.

當移動至不同時區，生理時鐘仍依照原本的時區運作，而不是你所在的時區。

According to research, the body's internal clock adapts slowly to abrupt changes.

研究指出，生理時鐘對於突然的改變會反應不及。

On average, it shifts approximately an hour or so per day for each hour of time zone change.

平均而言，生理時鐘每天可自動調整一小時。

That means, if I flew across three time zones from L.A. to New York, it might take about three days before I'm on New York time.

意思是，假設我跨越三個時區，從洛杉磯飛到紐約，生理時鐘需要三天才能調適到紐約時間。

Prolonged changes to your internal clock, like something you would see in shift workers, can cause some serious health problems.

長時間不斷影響生理時鐘，像排班工作者，可能會產生嚴重的健康問題。

Researchers are looking at how peoples' bodies react when they don't sleep during normal hours.

研究者正在研究人不在正常時間睡覺時，身體會發生什麼事。

Their blood pressure goes up, which is a risk factor for heart disease.

他們的血壓升高，可能會導致心臟疾病。

It can also make the body more resistant to insulin, which increases the risk for diabetes.

也讓身體更排斥胰島素，增加罹患糖尿病的機率。

For many seasoned travelers, jet lag is frustrating, and it can contribute to serious health concerns.

對許多經常旅行的人而言，時差令人困擾，且對健康可能造成嚴重影響。

Many people just wanna take off and go, but it's important to have a strategy to improve your travels and your health.

許多人都想落地就走，但更重要的是，找到一個方法改善旅程與健康。