Name: 智能手機如何破壞你的大腦專注力｜WSJ (How Smartphones Sabotage Your Brain's Ability to Focus | WSJ)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T08:27:59.000Z
Duration: 5 min 18 s

Attention, much like your daily allowance

We live in an age of constant distractions

我們生活在注意力不斷分散的時代，

朝九晚五不復存在，全年無休啟動。

With my smartphone in hand I bring my work

with me everywhere but our devices make us less attentive.

我的工作無所不在，但這項設備讓我們更難專心。

Having spent 10 years doing research in neurobiology,

I wondered what technology does to our brains.

我不禁好奇科技對我們的大腦有何影響。

I set out to understand the science of distractions

我開始著手了解分心這門學問，

We receive over 90 emails and write about 40 of them.

我們收到超過 90 封電郵，並撰寫約 40 封電郵。

On average we switch tasks every three minutes.

平均下來，我們每三分鐘就換一件差事。

When we face distractions two areas of the brain,

當我們面對分心的事時，大腦的

the parietal cortex and the frontal cortex are

Some research suggests that the parietal cortex responds

有些研究顯示頂葉皮質區會回應

to distractions, the frontal cortex which is involved

in cognitively demanding tasks helps us maintain focus.

認知上較困難差事上保持專注。

of the parietal cortex gets through to the frontal cortex.

If the frontal cortex can keep the parietal in check,

The brain is deciding what's important and what's not

and you're not actually doing hard cognitive work,

你其實並不是在做困難的認知性工作，

you kinda actually are, because there's all

看看這些郵件，我需要這些嗎？

requires a little bit more of cognitive effort

所以當你將這些精力乘以兩千倍時，

What we found was that checking email more frequently

with feeling more stressed and overwhelmed.

感受到更多壓力與不堪負荷有關連。

In the study, one group of people were asked

to check their email whenever they wanted throughout the day

每天從早到晚隨他們意願查看電郵，

while the other group had to do it in batches.

而另一群人必須分批查看電郵。

We found that people who batched their emails three

我們發現每天分三到五次檢查電郵的人們

to five times a day felt less stressed and less overwhelmed.

感受到更少的壓力與不堪負荷感。

Why are these tasks that seem really menial,

why are they so stressful and anxiety inducing?

卻能產生這麼多壓力和焦慮感？

You're basically doing something that other people need.

你基本上是在做他人所需的事情。

Let's imagine that attention is this calm lake

我們想像這些注意力是一片平靜湖泊

and then each notification is a little drop in that lake.

而每個通知都是湖泊中的一點水滴。

We can think of the reflectiveness as you know the ability

to actually focus on what's going on around us

你要真正專注在身邊事物的能力，

but when we have all these drops all the time,

但當我們無時無刻都有這些水滴時，

now you get a reflecting pool disturbed and frazzled.

你的倒映池就會被干擾和消耗殆盡。

- [Daniela] If email is like rain, notifications seem

若電郵就像雨水，通知對我們的

like a storm to our productivity and our ability to focus.

The higher the cognitive load the more susceptible we are

認知負荷量越高，我們就越容易受到

Notifications on our phones draw our attention away

by a notification you have to switch your attention

and switch it back, the switching in and of

然後再轉換回來，換來換去本身

itself actually requires cognitive effort

and so you end up more depleted at the end of the day.

因此你整天下來變得更疲憊不堪。

- So what do we do as cellphone users to mitigate that?

那我們作為手機用戶又該如何緩解呢？

is I do have scheduled do not disturb times

when you know basically no notifications come in.

你確定基本上不會有通知的時間。

In general, I do keep my phone on silent.

一般來說，我會讓我的手機保持靜音。

I actually am like most people a little addicted

對電郵有些上癮，也對社群網站

so I do actually open those apps frequently enough

- [Daniela] So to take new technologies we may first need

所以在使用新的科技前我們需要重新思考

to reconsider how and when we rely on them.

to find a building either with their phones

on their phones got to the building faster

but these same students actually felt less connected

to their community and so it's not a question

社區的連結性更薄弱，因此問題並不在於

These social bonds that hold society together I think

我想這些能將社會集結在一起的

are getting more and more chipped away from us.

我們的設備和 app 並非辦公室中唯一會將

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智能手機如何破壞你的大腦專注力｜WSJ (How Smartphones Sabotage Your Brain's Ability to Focus | WSJ)

ultimately

anxiety

cognitive

essentially