The ones on the outside are basically there to form a human wall to protect the identities of the people that are actually up at the post breaking open this camera, getting into the guts and ripping them out.

在外圍這一圈的人主要會圍起人牆去保護內圈的身份，他們把鏡頭撬開，把內部的電線都弄斷。

We use umbrellas.

我們會用雨傘。

We also use spray paint to blind the cameras.

我們也會用噴漆把鏡頭遮起來。

If the cameras are way up high, we will try to use lasers.

如果鏡頭太高，我們可能就會用強光。

Protesters in Hong Kong fear they are being watched and tracked when on the streets and just showing up may expose them to retaliation from the government.

香港的示威者擔心在街上會被監視和追蹤，暴露行蹤可能會遭到政府報復。

More than a thousand people have been arrested since the pro-democracy protests against China's growing control over Hong Kong started in June.

從 6 月起，為反對中國日益增強的控制香港的民主抗議至今，已經有超過 1000 人被逮捕。

You might be doing something that you think is perfectly fine right now but then later you might be charged based on camera footage, based on geolocation data from your mobile phone and so on.

也許你認為你現在做的事情都沒有問題，但以後可能會根據鏡頭錄影影像或手機定位技術所取得的數據等方式遭到控告。

Lokman Tsui researches personal data protection and digital security in Hong Kong.

Lokman 在研究香港的個資保護和數位安全。

He supports the pro-democracy movement.

他支持這次的民主運動。

We don't know what kind of data the Hong Kong law enforcement is sharing with the Chinese law enforcement.

我們不知道到底香港和中國的執法機關在互通什麼類型的資料。

While covering pro-democracy demonstrations in Hong Kong we found that protesters have developed a number of tactics to protect their identities and avoid detection both online and on the streets.

當講到香港的民主示威活動，我們發現他們都有自己一套方法保護自己的身份，以避免在網路或路上被發現行蹤。

Before the streets become chaotic, the scene is usually pretty calm.

街上狀況變得一片混亂前，看到的畫面通常都滿平靜的。

Some are already decked out in protective gear and busy on their phones to exchange files with somebody nearby.

有的會穿好防護裝備並忙於透過手機和身邊的人互通資訊。

Those with iPhones use AirDrop.

使用 iPhone 的會利用 AirDrop。

Sending pictures through AirDrop is anonymous.

AirDrop 是匿名化。

People don't know who is sending them, and you don't know who is receiving them.

不會知道是誰寄給他們，你也不知道誰會收到這些訊息。

Desmond Fung has joined protests almost every weekend since June.

Desmond 從六月開始幾乎每個周末都會出來參與抗議活動。

He says the central nervous system of this leaderless, protest movement is the anonymous, encrypted messaging service, Telegram.

他表示這場無領導運動的「中樞神經系統」是匿名的，而且是一個訊息經過加密的平台 — Telegram。

Downloads of the app in Hong Kong have soared since the protests began.

自從示威活動發起後，Telegram 在香港的下載量飆升。

What are we seeing here?

我們可以在這上面看到什麼資訊？

If some citizens spot a lot of police cars in a specific location, they will notify the group.

有的市民可能在某些位置看到很多警車的話，他們會通知群組裡的人。

So people at the frontline can be safer.

在前線的人可以比較安全。

Aren't the police in there as well reading everything that you write?

警察不是也可以在上面看到你們寫的內容嗎？

We have a term caller "capturing the ghost."

我們有一個詞稱「抓鬼」。

It means we will try to discover who are the police and kick them out of the groups.

意思是我們會找出哪些是警察，然後把他們踢出群組。

Desmond said there are ways to sniff out spies but he didn't want to share specifics or show us the private chats on his phone because sometimes these chats are about taking radical measures.

Desmond 稱有辦法可以找出間諜，但他不願意和我們分享或展示他的私人對話內容，因為對話內容可能會有提及一些較激進的行動。

These are the most hard-core protesters.

他們是最頑強的示威者。

Police consider them violent and often target them for arrest.

警方認為他們的行為暴力，常常逮捕他們。

They're getting ready to go up to the front and actually confront the police.

他們現在已經準備好要走上前線並對抗警方。

They're the ones with the most at stake in terms of obscuring their identity.

以掩飾身份的一群來說，他們的風險最高。

Protesters aren't just worried about surveillance cameras but also the police's own camera crews.

示威者不只擔心路上的監視鏡頭，還擔心警方的攝像隊。

Protesters worry any footage could later be used as evidence against them.

示威者擔心任何的影像都有可能成為日後指證他們的證據。

The police will try to find you if you don't cover all you face.

如果不把整張臉遮起來，警察之後就可能會去找你。

Even your ears will be evidence to arrest you.

甚至是你的耳朵也可以作為逮捕你的證據。

Many protesters' kits also include this.

大部分示威者的裝備還會配上這個。

Laser pointers have become a thing in these protests.

雷射筆成為示威活動中的配備。

They're used to distract the police and blind cameras.

雷射筆可以分散警察的注意力和把相機「弄瞎」。

Protesters can buy these kinds of laser pointers at any electronic store and they typically cost about $10.

示威者可以在任何販賣電子產品的店買到雷射筆，而售價大概是 10 塊美金左右。

Police have called them offensive weapons which means they can arrest someone for causing injuries with lasers.

警方稱雷射筆為「攻擊性武器」，他們可以逮捕因雷射筆致他人受傷的人。

Our colleagues were injured by these items, and our video-camera sensors were damaged.

我們有同事被這些物品導致受傷，甚至有錄影機的感光元件故障。

Police also cite medical experts who say the beams can cause permanent eye damage.

警方還引述醫學專家指說雷射光束會對眼睛造成永久性傷害。

It is by no means an offensive weapon.

這個根本沒有攻擊性。

I would not be worried about pointing it at myself because there is no problem at all.

就算我這樣指著自己也不會覺得害怕，因為這完全沒有問題。

Protesters' methods can also be very DIY.

示威者的防衛方式也可以很「DIY」。

He's handing out tinfoil and what he's doing is he's wrapping people's Hong Kong IDs with tinfoil in hopes that a law enforcement official won't be able to scan the ID remotely.

他正在發鋁箔紙，而他利用鋁箔紙把香港身份證包起來，執法機關人員就沒有辦法遠端掃瞄身分證。

Protesters want to prevent police from tracking them via the radio frequency identification chips embedded in their Hong Kong identification cards, subway cards or credit cards.

示威者都在防止警方透過植入於香港身分證、八達通或信用卡中的晶片來追蹤他們。

The government says only authorized sensors that are within two centimeters of the smart IDs are able to pick up the information.

而政府稱只有有授權的感應器可以在智能身分證的 2 米範圍內提取其資料。

To avoid having their movements recorded on their regular subway cards they pay for one-way tickets home from the protests with cash.

避免八達通會有行動的記錄，他們結束示活動後會使用現金買單程票。

Using a single-journey ticket will make it harder for the police to trace it back to us.

買單程票可以減少警方追尋我們的方法。

These tactics to avoid surveillance go hand in hand with avoiding arrest.

利用這些方法就不會被監視，也就是不會被逮捕。

But if it does happen protesters also use a simple hack to try to protect the data on their phones.

但如果真的被逮捕的話，他們還有一個好方法可以保護手機裡的資料。

We do not use our fingerprints to unlock our phones.

我們現在不會用指紋解鎖。

We are quite afraid if we were arrested, the police could use our fingerprints to gain access.

因為我們擔心如果被警察逮捕後，他們可以拿我們的指紋去解鎖。

We also won't use face detection on our phones.

我們的手機也不會使用人臉辨識。

Here in Hong Kong you have the right to not reveal any knowledge that might incriminate you.

在香港，任何有可能對你提出控訴的資料你都有權利不透露。

So a pin code is knowledge but your fingerprint or your face is not necessarily knowledge that you reveal to the authorities.

所以密碼是算這類的資料，但你的指紋或臉並不是屬於須向有關當局透露的資料。

As the movement evolves police are deploying new tactics to tag protesters, like using water cannons laced with blue dye.

隨著運動的發展，警察正採取新策略來標記示威者，例如發射混入藍色染料的水炮。

Hanging over all of this is the fear that their identities will get swept up digitally and end up in a database, perhaps in Beijing that tracks them and follows them for the rest of their lives.

所有擔心這問題的人都害怕自己的身份會被數位化的方式掃瞄並儲存於數據庫中，也許會是在北京，而他們的餘生將會被政府追蹤和跟蹤。

Protesters told us they'll keep playing the cat and mouse game of avoiding surveillance while defying the government.

示威者告訴我們，他們會繼續玩「貓抓老鼠」的遊戲，在出來反抗政府的同時要躲避監視。

They say they won't stop until their demands are met, including an inquiry into police brutality and direct elections.

他們說在達成所有訴求前，行動是不會停止的，包括需要調查警察是否使用暴力以及爭取普選。

The Hong Kong government has taken some action like withdrawing a controversial extradition bill that sparked the protests.

香港政府已經採取一些行動，例如徹回引發爭議的引渡法案。

It says it is looking for ways to start a dialogue to address the discontent.

政府表示會設法開啟對話去處理社會上的不滿。

In the end the odds are stacked against them.

最後，其實形勢對他們不利。

It's essentially a group of young Hong Kongers with laser pointers and umbrellas against the will of Mainland China.

他們根本只是一群拿著雷射筆和雨傘的年輕人反對中國控制香港的意願。

How do you see this playing out for the future?

你認為將來會變成怎麼樣？

I don't know, actually.

我不知道，我老實說。

The chance of success is, it's almost zero, but we still need to do this because of the justice, because we love this place.

成功的機會接近零，但我們還是要這樣做，因為法治正義，因為我們愛這個地方。