Name: 什麼是HPV？ 如何保護自己遠離它？ -Emma Bryce (What is HPV and how can you protect yourself from it? - Emma Bryce)
Uploaded: 2019-09-01T06:00:23.000Z
Duration: 4 min 28 s

譯者: Regina Chu 審譯者: Marssi Draw

情態副詞

most sexually active people will be  infected with human papillomavirus,

大多數性活躍的人 會感染人類乳突病毒

and most of the time the body  eliminates infections without symptoms–

but some strains can pose serious  health risks down the line.

通常身體會消滅感染 而且不會出現任何臨床症狀

但是某些毒株會進一步 對健康造成嚴重威脅

which means the virus stays in the cells near the point of infection

rather than spreading throughout the whole body.

亦即病毒會待在感染處附近的細胞內

Since HPV is often transmitted through  sexual activity,

this usually means the cells of the  vagina, vulva, penis, anus,

這通常是指陰道、外陰、陰莖、肛門

We can test for HPV in cells from  these areas,

but while testing for the virus  is scientifically possible,

我們可以從這些地方的細胞檢驗 HPV

但是即使可以用科學方法 檢驗到這種病毒

while there are treatments for the  adverse health effects caused by HPV,

there's no treatment for the virus itself.

雖然有方法能治療 HPV 對健康引起的不良影響

So testing for HPV would yield many,  many positives,

and although most of them won't  be cause for concern,

所以做 HPV 檢驗可能會產生 非常非常多的陽性反應

there is still no treatment plan for  clearing the body of the virus.

But there are other good ways to  protect yourself from HPV.

We're going to walk through how  HPV can cause harm,

但是還是有其它方法 保護自己免受 HPV 傷害

who's at risk, and how to  minimize those risks.

我們就來談談 HPV 如何造成傷害

The body's immune system is able to eradicate most strains of HPV

身體的免疫系統 可以消滅大多數種 HPV 毒株

and without people even knowing  they've been infected.

有些人甚至不知道他們已經被感染了

cause abnormalities in the cells of the  infected tissue,

While these are infectious  and require treatment,

wart-causing strains don't create  longer-term damage.

But another 13 strains can cause DNA mutations that cause cells to divide

會造成疣的毒株不會產生長期危害

但是另外有十三種毒株 會造成 DNA 突變

propelling the development of  cancerous growths.

The cells of the cervix are  especially at risks.

are responsible for the majority of  cases of cervical cancer,

which is now the fourth most common type of cancer in women.

It can take up to 20 years for cancer  symptoms to appear,

癌症可能要長達 20 年 才會出現症狀

we can discover cellular abnormalities in the cervix

Women over 21 can undergo a regular  pap smear,

where a sample of tissue is gently  scraped from the lining of the cervix

21 歲以上的婦女 可以定期做子宮頸抹片檢查

即在子宮頸內膜輕輕刮下組織檢體

A positive test doesn't mean the person has cervical cancer,

but rather that there are irregular  cells in the cervix

陽性結果並不代表這個人有子宮頸癌

that could develop into cancer in the future.

Patients are then either monitored  with more frequent pap smears,

之後病患可能要 更常做抹片檢查以監測變異

This involves a doctor examining the  cervix through a microscope,

and possibly taking a small biopsy of  tissue for closer examination.

這需要醫師用顯微鏡做子宮頸檢查

In some cases, the affected tissue  may be removed.

並有可能取組織切片以更仔細檢查

HPV infections of the throat may lead to head and neck cancers,

在某些情況下 受影響的組織可能會被切除

but for now there's no equivalent of the  pap smear for the throat.

喉嚨感染 HPV 可能會導致頭頸癌

Using condoms helps prevent  the spread of HPV during sex.

但是目前沒有相應的喉嚨抹片檢查

And there are three safe, effective  vaccines that all target HPV 16 and 18.

使用保險套可以幫助避免 在性交時傳播 HPV

The vaccine comes in two or three doses  a few months apart,

目前有三種安全有效的疫苗 專門針對 HPV 16 及 HPV 18

and it's only beneficial if you  receive them all.

這個疫苗分二至三劑施打 每次相隔幾個月

Right now the vaccine is part of standard  care for girls aged 11 to 18

though it's increasingly becoming  available to boys as well.

在許多國家是 11 至 18 歲女孩 健保計畫的一部分

Adult women and men in countries including the United States and the United Kingdom

在美國及英國等許多國家的 成年女性及男性

and evidence suggests that vaccination of women and men

could reduce the worldwide incidence of cervical cancer by almost 90%.

Researchers are also  developing an injection

可以在全世界減少 幾乎 90% 的子宮頸癌

for people who are already infected  with HPV 16 and 18,

to stop them from developing  into cancerous ones.

So while there's still room for  improvement in screening,

所以即使篩檢、治療及接種計畫 都還有進步的空間

condom use, vaccination,  and cervical screening

使用保險套、接種疫苗及子宮頸篩檢

字幕列表影片播放

什麼是HPV？如何保護自己遠離它？ -Emma Bryce (What is HPV and how can you protect yourself from it? - Emma Bryce)

equivalent

immune

eliminate

majority

什麼是HPV？ 如何保護自己遠離它？ -Emma Bryce (What is HPV and how can you protect yourself from it? - Emma Bryce)

equivalent

immune

eliminate

majority

什麼是HPV？如何保護自己遠離它？ -Emma Bryce (What is HPV and how can you protect yourself from it? - Emma Bryce)