She took a large group of fifth graders and had them work on numerous puzzles by themselves.

她找來了一大群五年級的學生，並要求他們自己解出許多不同的益智玩具。

Now these were very challenging puzzles.

她給他們的是很難的益智玩具。

But regardless of how well each child did, he or she was told that they scored very well that they did better than most of the other kids.

但不管每個孩子做得怎麼樣，他們都會被告知他們做得比其他大部分的孩子都還要好。

Afterwards, half of these students were told that they scored high because they worked hard while the other half were told that it was all because they were smart and gifted.

之後，一半的學生會被告知他們得高分的原因是因為他們很努力，另一半則會被告知他們高分的原因是因為他們很聰明且有天賦。

Then they presented each student with three more types of puzzles to work on.

然後他們給每個學生再各三種益智玩具來解。

Easy ones, medium difficulty ones, and extremely challenging ones.

簡單的、中等難度的與極具挑戰性的。

And what they found was very interesting.

而研究的結果相當有趣。

The students who were told that they did well because they were smart spent the majority of their time on the easy puzzles.

那些被告知自己是因為聰明而做得很好的學生花了大部分的時間在簡單的益智玩具。

They spent almost no time on the extremely challenging puzzles.

他們幾乎沒有動那個極具挑戰性的益智玩具。

And spent much less time overall trying to solve any of the puzzles which was a sign of lower levels of motivation.

整體而言他們選擇用來解題的時間大幅減少，而這是種動力程度降低的象徵。

And to top it all off, when asked whether or not they enjoyed the experiment, they said that it wasn't that fun for them.

更糟的是，當研究者問他們是否享受過程，他們表示並不覺得有趣。

On the other hand, the students who were told that they did well because they worked hard spent the majority of their time focused on the harder puzzles.

另一方面，那些被告知他們是因為努力而做得好的學生花了大部分的時間在較困難的益智玩具上。

They also spent a lot more time overall attempting to solve any of the puzzles which was a sign of an increase in levels of motivation.

他們也整體而言花了比較多的時間來嘗試解題，而這是動力程度增加的象徵。

And to top it all off, after the experiment, they said that they actually enjoyed the entire experience.

況且，在研究後，他們說他們很享受整個研究過程。

So what can we learn from this study?

所以我們可以從這個研究學到什麼？

Well, there's a concept called the locus of control, which is essentially the degree to which you believe you have control over your life.

這牽扯到一個概念叫做「控制點」，也就是你相信自己控制人生的程度。

The kids who were told that they did well because they were smart and gifted were led to believe in what's called an external locus of control.

那些被告知自己是因為聰明與有天賦而做得好的學生會較相信這種叫「外控」的東西。

They were led to believe that factors outside of what they could control were the reason they did well.

他們相信那些他們無法控制的外部因素是他們做得好的原因。

Right? You can't control whether or not you're born smart.

對吧？你不能控制你是否生來聰明。

On the other hand, the kids who were told they did well because they worked hard started to believe in what's called an internal locus of control.

另一方面，那些被告知他們是因為努力而做得好的學生們則是開始相信一種叫「內控」的東西。

They believed that it was factors they controlled that led to their outcomes.

他們相信他們可控制的內部因素是他們得到成果的原因。

It was their hard work and their extra effort that allowed them to do well on the puzzles.

是他們的努力與額外付出讓他們可以解開那些益智玩具。

Right? Because how much work you put into something is something that you have complete control over.

對吧？因為要下多少功夫是你能自己掌控的事。

Now studies on the locus of control like this one have found time and time again that having an internal locus of control is the key to staying motivated.

現在像此項關於控制點的研究都指出，擁有「內控」是讓生活保持動力的關鍵。

You must feel like you have control over your life and that you are responsible for the things that happen to you if you want to feel motivated all of the time.

如果你想時時感到有動力，你得覺得你對自己的生活有主導權，且對生活中發生的事情有責任。

I saw this happen with my own eyes back in the day when I was in charge of a sales team.

我自己在管理一個銷售團隊時就見證了一個例子。

This wasn't retail sales or car sales this was old-school door-to-door sales which has one of the highest turnover rates.

那不是零售或是車子銷售，而是最老派、人員變動率最高的上門銷售。

Most people only last a week before quitting.

大多數的人都只撐一週就辭職了。

See, you need to be an extremely motivated individual to be able to face hundreds and hundreds of rejections every single day before someone even considers buying something from you

你得是一個十分積極的人才能承受每天面對數以百計的拒絕，直到有人願意考慮購買產品。

Now over time, I was able to develop a keen eye for who would actually last ,who I should spend more time and energy training.

隨著時間經過，我有了敏銳的眼光來分辨誰最有機會留下，誰最值得我花更多時間與精力訓練。

All I had to do was ask a simple question when a new salesperson on my team was confronted with their first bad day.

我唯一需要的就是在團隊裡的新銷售員遇到他們的第一個「壞日子」時，問他們一個問題。

A day in which they made no sales.

「壞日子」就是他們什麼都沒賣出去的一天。

I would ask him, "why do you think you made no sales today" and I would see how they would respond.

我會問他：「你覺得為什麼你今天什麼都沒成交？」然後我會看他怎麼回答。

If they blame things like the weather, the fact that it's a weekend and nobody wants to be bothered on the weekends, or because it was the neighborhood...

如果他們把事情怪到天氣、或因為是週末所以沒人想被打擾，甚至是怪到那個社區上......

I would instantly know that they wouldn't last because they had an external locus of control.

我馬上就會知道他們撐不久，因為他們有「外控」。

They believed that the reason they couldn't make any sales was because of factors outside of their control.

他們相信賣不出東西的原因是無法控制的外部因素。

And because of this, they spent less time knocking on doors which was ultimately the real reason why they weren't making any sales.

因此，他們就會花較少的時間登門銷售，而這就是他們無法成交的真正原因。

That's the curse of having an external locus of control.

這就是帶有「外控」思想所帶來的詛咒。

When you feel like nothing you do matters, you stop working, you stop trying.

當你覺得做什麼都不重要，你就會停止工作、停止嘗試。

Cuz what's the point of trying when the worlds conspiring against you, right?

因為當世界都與你為敵，嘗試還有什麼用呢？

So how do we adopt an internal locus of control, so that we can start feeling motivated all of the time?

所以我們該如何運用「內控」來讓生活充滿動力？

Well they found that the best way to do so is by simply solving problems in your own life and then taking some time in appreciating the fact that it was your actions that solve this problem.

研究者發現最好的方法就是解決一些生活上的問題，然後花一些時間來想這些問題其實是因為自己的努力而解決的。

I'll give you an example just to make things more clear.

來舉個例子讓這件事更明瞭。

Let's say you're someone who struggles with falling asleep.

假設你是個入睡有困難的人。

So you go do some research and you find out if you get some more sunlight in the morning if you only use your bed for sleeping and if you install a blue light filter on your phone that should drastically increase your to sleep faster when bedtime comes around.

然後你做了一些研究，發現如果白天時多曬一些太陽、把床只用來睡覺、安裝濾藍光應用程式在手機上，將可以讓你在睡眠時間到來時更快入睡。

You do all of those things and lo and behold, you find yourself sleeping 15 minutes faster than before.

你照做了這些事情，而意料不到的是，你發現你比以往早了十五分鐘入睡。

When you notice this improvement, you need to say to yourself: "Wow, it was because of the changes I made because of the effort I put in that I am now able to sleep better."

當你發覺這項進展，你得告訴自己：「哇！這都是因為我所做的改變與我所付出的努力，所以我現在才能睡得更好。」

It's that simple.

就是那麼簡單。

Build up that belief that you are in control of your destiny, that you have an internal locus of control and you will never have issues with motivation in your life again.

建立你可以控制自己命運且你有「內控」的信念，在生活裡你就再也不會有動力的問題。

This episode's brought to you with the help the guys at Skillshare.

這集節目是在 Skillshare 的夥伴幫忙下完成的。

Skillshare is an online learning community for creators with more than 25,000 classes in design business and much much more.

Skillshare 是一個給創作者的線上學習社群，有著超過兩萬五千堂關於設計、商業等的課程。

If there's something you want to learn and improve on, chances are there's a class on that exact subject on Skillshare.

如果你有什麼想要學習或增進的，Skillshare 上可能就有相關的課程。

Click on the link in the description box below to get a 2 month free trial after which it will only cost $10 a month to remain a member.

點擊敘述欄的連結來獲取兩個月的試用，而之後每月只需花十美元就能維持會員身分。

I suggest you guys to check out the productivity today course which essentially teaches you ways to increase and improve your attention span which we all know needs to be worked on.

我建議大家去看看他們今天的生產力課程，是在教大家如何增加與改進自己的注意力集中時間，相信大家都需要這個。

Taking this course will allow you to focus and get more things done which is a great way to develop that internal locus of control.

上這堂課可以讓你更專注並完成更多事情，這也個好方法來培養「內控」。

So you will feel even more motivated in the future.

在未來就能感到更有動力。

So I definitely recommend you guys to check it out.

所以我非常推薦大家去看看。

Besides that guys, stay tuned.

再會了大家。