Name: 海底農場可以在2050年養活全世界的人 (Farms under the sea could feed the world in 2050)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T08:14:25.000Z
Duration: 6 min 5 s

This small mussel farm off the coast of California

is a window into the future of feeding the planet.

- You can feed a vast majority of the world's populations on mussels alone.

地球絕大部分的人口都可以賴以淡菜食物維生。

that we'll need to produce more food in the next 50 years

在未來的 50 年，我們需要產出比過去

- People are really actively looking towards the ocean for the future.

因此人類積極地在海洋尋找未來的食物。

Oceans cover more than two thirds of the earth's surface.

But right now, they produce just 2% of our food.

- You can't take any more fish out of the ocean.

Phil Cruver is part of a new wave of entrepreneurs

Phil Cruver 是一位新浪潮企業家，

proving ocean farms can help feed the world

他提供能海洋養殖地來供應人類食物

It will be the first time we've had a harvest in U.S. federal waters

這會是有史以來我們在美國聯邦海域

Phil Cruver started and sold several tech businesses

Phil Cruver 在決定開發洛杉磯離岸海域之前，

before deciding to farm the waters off of Los Angeles.

創建了與賣掉了很多科技公司。

- The carrying capacity out here is just enormous.

Right now, the mussels caught at the Catalina Sea Ranch

- We're starting off with mussels as our cash crop

Currently, almost all the food we eat comes from the land,

目前大部分我們所吃的食物都來自土地

and 40% of that arable land, we produce food on.

40% 是農耕地，我們產出食物用的。

That's immense amounts of space for something that we could do

in a much smaller amount of space in the ocean.

我們在在海洋用較小的空間就可以做到。

Growing food on land is also a dirty business.

Worldwide, livestock accounts for about 15%

of human induced greenhouse gas emissions.

It's also very inefficient and expensive.

- It requires anywhere between six to seven pounds of feed

And so that requires an immense amount of water

So many are looking to the sea to help feed the world.

所以許多人期許海洋可以供應人類食物。

But overfishing has left much of the oceans

We are at a point now that scientists call 'Peak Fish'.

我們正處於的位置，科學家們稱之為 Peak Fish

- So 'Peak Fish' means when did we get to a point

where we no longer were able to take more out of the ocean.

無法在從海洋捕獲更多的食物的尖峰

- But the amount of fish we're catching is plateauing.

但我們捕魚量已經非常的固定，就是要這麼多。

we have way too many fishing boats out there right now.

Most of the fish that's farmed at the moment

They're fed with a diet of fish lower in the food chain,

他們都是吃食物鍊下一層的魚，

which means more fishing is needed to feed the fish we eat.

意味著需要更多的魚來餵食這些我們在吃的魚。

Nearly one-third of the global marine fish catch

將近 1/3 的全球捕捉的海洋生物

- Right now, they're getting it at as low as one to one.

現在他們將食物分配為 1 比 1 。

So one pound of feed for one pound of fish.

1 磅的食物餵食 1 磅 的養殖魚。

They just filter their food from the water.

- Mussels are good to farm for a variety of reasons.

有幾個理由說明了捕撈淡菜比較好。

First, a lot of the things you associate with bad farming on land --

第一，許多你可以想到的家禽不當養殖

cramped quarters, use of questionable foods,

狹窄居住空間，使用有問題的飼料，

Mussels like tight spaces, they don't need a lot of antibiotics,

淡菜喜歡擁擠的空間，它們不需用抗生素，

Ryan Bigelow runs operations for Seafood Watch,

Ryan Bigelow 經營管理 Seafood Watch ，

a Monterey Bay Aquarium program that promotes sustainable seafood.

一個推廣 Monterey Bay Aquarium 永續海產的計畫。

has had a bad reputation for pollution spreading disease

它們是以疾病汙染與其它環境衝擊

In some countries, these remain big problems,

在一些國家，這些是很大的問題，

but new companies are showing it can be done well.

但一些新的公司說這可以處理很好的。

- Fish farming is by no means a perfect business.

There have been issues in the past with everything from escapes

在過去有一些問題，從逃避到汙染

to pollution, to the destruction of mangroves.

And some of those things still do happen.

But the difference now between aquaculture,

但現在的水產養殖與 15、20 年前的差異是

even 15, 20 years ago, is that they're our best performers.

And aquaculture has a lot of room to grow in the U.S.

水產養殖業在美國與許多成長的空間。

- So right now, 90% of all aquaculture happens in Southeast Asia.

現在有 90% 的水產養殖都在東南亞。

finfish producers in the world for Atlantic Salmon.

The U.S. hasn't allowed aquaculture in federal waters until now.

直到今日，美國才允許聯邦海域從事水產養殖。

Phil thinks that means there's a huge opportunity here.

Phil 認為這意味者有巨大的商機。

Several companies are already planning to open

Today's harvest is small, just 1000 pounds.

今日的收穫算少，只有 1000 磅。

the mussels go directly to a seafood distributor