When you hear your friends make that statement, do you ever question it?

當你聽到朋友說這種話時，你質疑過嗎？

Even though you disagree, you keep your mouth shut because you don't want to be an outcast.

就算你不同意，你仍閉上嘴，因為你不想被排擠。

That's conformity.

那就是從眾行為。

When conformity within a group leads to dangerous results, it's called "groupthink."

當團體內的從眾行為導致危險的結果，便稱為「團體迷思」。

There are 8 symptoms of groupthink, which we can see on these 3 budding entrepreneurs.

團體迷思共有 8 種症狀，我們可從以下 3 位初露頭角的創業家對話中觀察到。

Dave, Frank, and Sylvia are planning to launch a startup which sells "used tissues" online.

Dave、Frank 和 Sylvia 正計畫要開一間新創公司，在網路上販賣「用過的衛生紙」。

You and I, we both know that's the lamest idea ever.

你我都知道這主意爛透了。

But, sometimes things play out differently, when group dynamics are involved.

但當牽涉到群體動力時，事情發展有時會跟你想的不一樣。

Here's a sneak peek.

讓我們一探究竟吧。

Dave says, "We should start selling used tissues!"

Dave 說：「我們應該開始賣用過的衛生紙！」

"No one has done that yet, and if anyone can do it, it has to be us."

「從來沒人做過這件事，要說誰有能力做這件事，那一定我們。」

That's "illusion of invulnerability."

這是「自認無懈可擊的錯覺」。

Then Frank says, "I know, right? No one is as smart as us to have thought about this killer concept."

Frank 接著說：「我同意！沒有人能像我們一樣聰明，想到這個了不起的創意。」

This is "stereotyping" others.

這是將他人「刻版印象化」。

Silently, Sylvia thinks, "Yes, 'cause it's a stupid idea!"

Sylvia 默默想著：「對啊，因為這是愚蠢至極的點子！」

But she doesn't say it, which is "self-censorship."

不過 Sylvia 卻沒說出來，這是「自我審查」。

Then Dave says, "Sylvia, you agree, right? You seem so excited!"

接著 Dave 說：「Sylvia，你也同意，對吧？妳看起來超興奮的！」

That's "illusion of unanimity."

這是「一致性錯覺」的表現。

Sylvia finally says, "Um, used tissues, you guys? Seriously? What about the germs? Ew!"

Sylvia 終於說出：「使用過的衛生紙？這是認真的嗎？你們考慮到細菌嗎？好噁心！」

But Dave counters, "What germs? We are selling sentiments here."

但 Dave 反駁：「什麼細菌啊？我們賣的是溫情。」

"Used tissues have a history, and you gotta respect the sentimentality."

「用過的衛生紙有它的歷史，你應該尊重它背後的愛恨糾葛。」

That's "unquestioned belief."

這是「毫無質疑的信念」。

Frank reassures, "I'm sure Sylvia agrees that selling used tissues is a brilliant idea!"

Frank 為了打消疑慮而說：「我相信 Sylvia 也同意販售用過的衛生紙是個絕佳點子！」

"She just doesn't know it yet."

「她只是自己還沒發現而已。」

This is "direct pressure."

這是「直接壓力」。

Sylvia shrugs, saying, "Yeah, I guess."

Sylvia 聳聳肩說：「對，我想你說得對。」

"Maybe we can launch 'tissues for issues' and make it a noble-cause specific project."

「或許我們可以弄一場『議題用衛生紙』的宣傳活動，並把它打造成一個非常高尚的活動。」

Which is "rationalizing."

這是「合理化」。

"We'll have to test it, though."

「但我們必須先測試這點子是否行得通。」

"No tests. We are going to launch a Kickstarter Campaign! We are going to be huge," says Dave.

Dave 說：「不用測試啦！我們直接上 Kickstarter 募資吧！我們會紅翻天的！」

He's being a "mindguard," which is a person who prevents dissent.

他的行為是「心靈防衛」，指的是防範異議的人。

And, thus, the 3 fools launched a "used tissues" business.

於是，這 3 個傻子就開始做起了「用過的衛生紙」生意。

Now that you know the symptoms of groupthink, leave us a comment below, and tell us if you have ever been a part of groupthink, knowingly, or unknowingly.

現在你知道團體迷思的症狀後，若有任何想法，請在下方留言，告訴我們你是否也曾經有意無意地成了團體迷思的一員。