Name: 內分泌系統介紹 (Endocrine system introduction)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T08:07:10.000Z
Duration: 4 min 40 s
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- [Instructor] What you
see in these pictures,

this is a forward view
of a transparent man

these organs secrete molecules
into the bloodstream,

and they secrete these
molecules into the blood stream

things that might be quite
far away from the organs,

the glands that actually do the secretion.

And the word hormone
comes from Greek hormōn,

so one way to think about
it, these are molecules

that set things in motion
in other parts of the body,

and this is really to
regulate the body function.

Now this entire system
of glands is referred to

as the endocrine system,
endo- referring to fact that

it's acting within the body,
-crine originally comes

from Greek word to sift or
to differentiate something

these hormones into the
bloodstream to regulate the body.

but just to give you an
appreciation of what they do

we could list some of the more common ones

So for example, the thyroid
gland produces thyroid hormone.

You see your oxygens in
the red, nitrogen in blue,

and these big atoms right
over here, these are iodine,

and thyroid hormone
plays an important role

In fact, if you have too
much thyroid hormone,

that's a disorder called hyperthyroidism,

which would make your
metabolism overactive.

Likewise, if you have too
little thyroid hormone,

that's a disorder known as hypothyroidism,

in which case your metabolism
isn't active enough.

and that's where it gets
the word adrenaline from.

and adrenaline, you
might hear things like,

"Hey, so and so is an adrenaline junkie,"

and adrenaline actually
does play a role there.

It's involved in the
fight-or-flight response,

And what's really interesting
about all of these hormones

because they're released
into the bloodstream

and to different cells they
might do different things.

This right over here is
a variation of estrogen,

which is produced primarily
in females in the ovaries,

and it's associated with a
lot of female bodily function,

and it's primarily produced
in men in the testes.

but it can also be produced
by the adrenal glands.

And women, it can be
produced by the ovaries.

But you could also have
a molecule like insulin

which you can see is much
larger than the other hormones

in how we process sugars
and how we store fat

and scientists are constantly
discovering new roles

Insulin in particular you
might associate with diabetes.

People with Type 1 diabetes
aren't able to produce

enough insulin to take the
sugar out of their blood stream,

Insulin will bind to the surface of a cell

People with Type 2 diabetes,
they have an insensitivity

to insulin, so they might
have to take extra insulin

in order for their cells to
take in the proper amount

But the big idea here is
that the endocrine system,

as something like say the nervous system,

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內分泌系統介紹 (Endocrine system introduction)

constantly

obvious

metabolism

diabetes