But the idea of something which was very heavily armed and armoured never really went away.

但開發裝甲精良且全副武裝的戰車這一想法從來不曾真正消失

In 1953 a series of design studies was started to determine what could be made to carry another large calibre gun.

1953 年，人們開始了一系列設計研究，以決定製造怎樣的車輛來配備另一種大口徑主砲

Five various design proposals were considered.

五種不同的設計方案被納入考慮範圍

The final design, selected in about August of '53, was for a forward crew compartment, rear engine vehicle.

最終設計是在 1954 年 8 月選定的，這是一種乘員艙在前引擎在後的戰車

It was going to have a crew of five, with the intent of dropping it down to four once it got a proper automated loading system.

它原本可以容納五名乘員，打算引入合適的自動裝載系統將乘員減少到四名

About the same time, development was going on in a factory in Perm of a new 152 millimetre gun called the M-64.

大約在同一時間，一家名為 Perm 的工廠正在開發一種叫做 M-64 的新型 152 毫米主砲

This was capable of hurling an AP round at about 700 metres a second.

這種主砲能以每秒鐘 700 米左右的速度發射穿甲彈

Not Bad.

還不賴

It was thus decided to take the M-64 gun, mate it to the chassis of the T-10, which was being produced in Leningrad.

因此，人們決定把 M-64 主砲安裝到在列寧格勒製造的 T-10 底盤上面

The resulting vehicle was the SAU-152, also known as Object 268.

這樣製造出來的戰車就是 SAU-152，也叫做 Object 268

Now, what this all is, is a very long winded way of saying we're going to have a look at the 268 behind me.

囉哩囉嗦的說這麼多都只是想說，我們要來看一下我身後的這輛 268

The front of the vehicle is basically as you would expect, a T-10 with a big armoured casemate.

這輛戰車的前面基本上如大家所預期的，是 T-10 和一個大的裝甲砲塔

Armour on the front is 120 millimetres sloped at 60.

前面的裝甲厚 120 毫米，傾斜 60 度

Up on the casemate it is about 187 sloped at 20.

而在砲塔上面，裝甲厚約 187 毫米，傾斜 20 度

That said, there is a small piece of absolutely vertical armour just to the left of the mantlet,

也就是說：在砲盾的左邊是一小塊完全垂直的裝甲，

out of which you can also see the aperture for the optic.

而在它的外面還可以看到光學瞄準鏡的孔

Now I shoved a measuring tape in there and it actually turned out it was only about 11 or 12 centimetres.

看，我把捲尺塞進那裡，結果發現它只有大約 11 或 12 釐米

That's a very small weak point though, I wouldn't be too worried about it.

不過，這還算一個非常小的弱點，我倒不太擔心

The nose retains the traditional 'Pike' shape which was common to the Soviet heavies of the time

它的首上保留了當時蘇聯重型戰車中很常見的傳統箭頭狀

and you'll see here the various splash guards.

大家將看到這裡的各種擋泥板

Apparently the Russian term was 'Catching Dolphins.'

而俄語的說法是「Catching Dolphins」

So when you go down into water of course you get the big pool of water comes up and it makes the driver miserable and wet.

因此，當下到水中時，當然會湧入一大灘水，這會讓駕駛員痛苦不堪且全身溼透

At the time they didn't seem to have rubber sealings around the drivers hatch,

在當時，駕駛員艙四周好像還沒有使用橡膠密封，但依個人經驗來看，

but from personal experience, even though it was built with a rubber seal in an Abrams, doesn't mean that it works.

即使 Abrams 採用了橡膠密封，也並不意味著它能起作用

Other items on the front, of course you have a single headlight and a horn on the right-hand side.

當然，前面的其它物品包括一盞單頭燈和一個位於右邊的喇叭

You can see on the far wings, the fuel filler ports.

在另一邊，可以看到加油口

There are three internal tanks, two of 185 litres and one of 90.

一共有三個內油箱，兩個容量為 185 升，另一個為 90 升

The two of 185 are actually after the crew compartment

兩個容量為 185 升的油箱實際上在乘員艙後面

and of course, the mudguards will open upwards, once you release firstly the splash guard

當然，擋泥板是向上打開的，當你首先釋放擋泥板時，

and also there is a bolt on the side which you have to let go as well.

還要把旁邊的一個螺栓卸掉

Two tow hooks, one on each side and that's it.

兩個拖鉤，一邊一個，就這麼多

We're starting to see a common pattern here now with the suspension and running gear of these Soviet vehicles.

現在，在這裡我們將看到這些蘇聯戰車的傳統懸掛系統和行走裝置樣式

The traditional steel road wheels, again similar to the idlers.

傳統的鋼製負重輪，同樣類似的惰輪

Tracks; nice wide single pin, relatively short pitch, held in place by a simple clip.

履帶：不錯的寬大單銷，相對較短的節距，由一個簡單的夾子固定到位

Look inside, exactly the same method of track tension, large screw system simply crank left, crank right.

往裡面看，履帶張緊方法完全相同，一個很大的螺釘系統簡單地向左、右轉動

The torsion bar suspension, there are shock absorbers on the first, second and seventh road wheels

扭力桿式懸掛系統，第一、二和第七個負重輪上裝有減震器

and, of course, every arm has a very large volute spring bump stop.

當然，每個臂上都有一個非常大的螺旋型彈簧緩衝塊

The hull shape is a flat bottom about 16 millimetres thick, then it angles upwards and outwards

車體形狀為大約 16 毫米厚的扁平底部，然後向上和向外傾斜，

and meet up more or less where the torsion bars will meet the hull.

大約在扭力桿與車體相接處交會

At that point there's a new armour plate, 6 centimetres thick, goes straight up

那裡是一塊厚 6 釐米的新裝甲板，直伸向上，

and is then bent at the top to curve outwards where it meets up with the hull roof.

然後在頂端向外彎曲並與車頂相接

Come back a little more and we have the nice big armoured casemate.

再往回一點點，是大大的裝甲砲塔

Side armour is about 10 centimetres sloped at 20.

側面裝甲大約 10 釐米厚，傾斜 20 度

Move further down we start see all of the sponson boxes.

再往下，我們就會看到所有的突出砲座箱

Now, allow me to introduce you to the most important part of any Soviet Tank:

現在，請容我為大家介紹所有蘇聯戰車的最重要的部分

this is the key to the tank.

這是戰車的鑰匙

Basically it is a square head on one end and a T hook on the other.

它基本上是一端為方頭，另一端為一個 T 型鉤

You use this to open everything, from Sponson boxes, fuel access ports.

從突出砲座箱到檢修孔，用這個甚麼都可以打開

With this end you can open up the crew compartment hatches

而用這一端則可以打開乘員艙的艙門，當然，

and of course you can leverage it to get the heavier hatches, such as the engine deck hatches open.

你可以透過它進入重型艙，如打開的引擎甲板艙

Two of these per vehicle, if you lose them, you're in serious trouble.

每輛戰車上有兩把，如果弄丟了，那可就麻煩了

So opening them up, you can now see inside how the side armour is now angled up and outwards.

打開它們，現在就可以看到裡邊的側面裝甲是如何向上和向外傾斜的

It offers a little bit more protection at the cost of taking up volume that you would otherwise have available to you.

它可以提供多一點的保護，但卻佔據了一定的空間

Now the other thing I'm going to do while I'm here is I'm going to settle an old debate.

我在這裡要做的另一件事就是解決一個存在已久的爭論

Many times it's questioned whether or not the Object 268 should be the same hull height as T-10/IS-8.

人們常常質疑 Object 268 的車體高度是否與 T-10/IS-8 的相同

To do this, I have a measuring tape and I'm going to measure to the hull roof.

為了解決這一問題，我拿了一把捲尺，來測量一下到車頂的高度

Place the tape on the floor.

把捲尺放在地板上

More or less here, and as I bring it up it's about - well the tow rope is in the way - but it's about 147 to 148.

差不多在這裡，我向上拉，被拖車繩擋住了，但是它大約為 147 到 148 釐米

We'll bear this in mind, we'll come back to it in a minute.

我們記住這個數字，馬上就回來

By sheer coincidence directly opposite Object 268 in Kubinka is a T-10M, basically in World of Tanks an IS8.

純屬巧合，在 Kubinka 裡面與 Object 268 正對著的就是一輛 T-10M，實際上就是《戰車世界》裡面的 IS8

Now if I was to measure this same point just in front of the engine, it comes out at 152/153.

如果我從引擎前面同一個地方測量，測出的是 152/153 釐米

Now another reason it looks a little bit different is that the armour plate on the T-10 extends upward a little bit beyond the roof.

它看起來有點不同的另一個原因是：T-10 的裝甲板向上伸出車頂一點點

So that's the other reason it might look a bit different.

所以這是它可能看起來有點不同的另一個原因

So with that dealt with, let's get back to 268.

解決了這個問題，我們回到 268 來

Now, fortunately this vehicle is in a running condition.

幸運的是，這輛戰車處於運行狀態

They had it moving around a couple of weeks ago so they never actually bolted everything back in.

幾周前人們把它四處移動了一下，所以實際上還沒有把一切零件都裝回去

So, all fifteen of the bolts have been removed and we're in a happy position where we can open up the back deck.

因此，全部十五個螺栓都被卸下，而我們所處的位置正好可以打開後甲板

It is on a torsion bar spring, so it actually can be done.

它位於扭力桿彈簧上面，因此實際上還是可以把它打開的

I have another chap here off camera helping me here.

鏡頭外還有一個小夥伴在這幫我

Now we'll leave it be.

我們順其自然吧

Now you can see, very clearly, the large transmission and steering system and two huge brakes on each side.

現在大家可以非常清楚地看到大的變速器和轉向系統，還有兩個巨大的剎車，一邊一個

One would be for steering and the other as an actual service brake.

一個用於轉向，另一個用做實際的行車制動

At least that's how it usually works.

至少，它通常都是這樣工作的

It isn't a clutch brake system, there actually is power going to the inside track.

它不是離合煞車系統，實際上是有功率被傳送到內側履帶的

So steering is not affected purely by the brake, but it is helped.

因此，轉向並不完全受煞車影響，還受益於它

An interesting feature I note here is that there is a dome light on each side on the rear of the compartment here,

我在這兒注意到一個有趣的特點，儲存艙後面一邊一盞頂燈，

very useful for doing maintenance at night

非常有利於戰車的夜間維護

and Light Discipline isn't such of a worry if you're in a position where you can unbolt the tank and open it up,

而且如果你在所處位置能夠卸下螺栓並打開戰車，敵人很可能不在附近，

the enemy probably isn't anywhere nearby, so that's a neat feature I can appreciate.

所以也不用擔心燈光管制，因此我覺得這是一個實用的功能

I'm sure the mechanics do as well.

我敢肯定它的力學也一樣

Not much room for working in here, it's quite compact, but then again, I guess it doesn't really need to be roomy.

這裡面的操作空間不大，非常緊湊，但話又說回來，我想它也並不真的需要非常寬闊的空間

Interesting.

有意思

It's so rare that you get to see the inside of one of these Soviet Vehicles,

能夠看到一輛這種蘇聯戰車的內部，這種情況非常少見，

simply because you have to have to go through the hassle of unbolting everything.

因為你必須不厭其煩地把一切都拆開

So, a nice treat.

所以說，這待遇不錯

You come around to the back and again it's pretty similar to the T-10s and it makes sense.

轉過來到戰車後面，仍然與 T-10 非常相似，這是有道理的

Again no access ports, top or bottom for anything behind here, if you want to access the transmission, steering gear, brakes and etcetera,

還是沒有檢修口，頂端和底部都沒有，如果想觸到變速器、轉向機構、煞車等，

undo all fifteen bolts and then swing it back.

就需要卸下全部 15 個螺栓，然後再擰回去

These are mounting points for barrels, they would be about maybe yea big, and they're for the smoke generation system.

這些是砲筒安裝點，砲筒可能大約有那麼大，是用於煙霧生成系統的

And the fuel tanks are now semi-permanently affixed.

燃料箱是半永久性固定的

They're about 150 litres per side and you can get rid of them, you pull out a couple of quick release pins, then you detach the piping system.

每邊容量大約為 150 升，拔出幾個快速釋放銷，然後拆開管道系統，就可以把它們去掉

But basically speaking, they're conformal, they're almost never removed.

但它們基本上是固定的，幾乎從來沒有去掉過

Nothing else of significance to note, simply two tow hooks and some mounting points for maybe a few more tracks.

其它就沒有甚麼值得注意的了，就只有兩個拖鉤和其它幾個履帶安裝點

That's it.

就這麼多

Next you go back up onto the engine deck.

接下來，直接上引擎甲板上面

Coming up to the back deck again, similar to the T-10/T-10M.

再到後甲板，與 T-10/T-10M 相似

First thing you note, you've got the mounting points for the crossbeam, it's the log we all know and love.

最先注意到的是，橫梁的安裝點，是我們大家所熟知並喜愛的圓木

Access points for all of the lubricants, so coolant, the various oils

所有潤滑劑、冷卻劑和各種油的注入點

and further you can open up one of these hatches back here, this gives you access to both the engine and transmission oil, also the starter motor.

接下來可以打開一個後面的這些艙門，這樣可以接觸到引擎和變速器油以及啟動電動機

The other Engine Deck compartment that we can easily open, is the one for the engine itself.

另外一個我們可以輕易打開的引擎甲板艙，是引擎本身的艙室

I say easy, it's a relative term.

我說的「輕易」，只是一個相對的概念

So the engine under here is the V-12-5.

下面這裡的引擎是 V-12-5

It's a twelve cylinder diesel.

這是一個 12 缸的柴油引擎

It cranks out 700 horsepower at about 2100 RPM.

它能以大約 2100 RPM 的轉速產生 700 馬力的功率

That's enough to get this 50 ton vehicle clanking along at a reasonable 48 kilometres an hour.

這足以使這輛 50 噸重的戰車以 48 千米每小時的速度叮噹作響的前行了

Nice big coolant reservoir, lots of cables, not much else.

很棒的大型冷卻劑容器，很多電纜，其它就沒什麼了

If you look at the casemate, the back of it, 5 centimetres thick.

如果大家看一眼砲塔，它的後面，厚 5 釐米

Now this was a pre-production vehicle.

所以這是一輛試制戰車

The idea behind this was that they were going to leave the back bolted instead of welded to allow easy access inside

這背後的想法就是：人們打算對後面進行螺栓固定而不是焊接固定，這樣容易進入戰車裡面

and if they decided they wanted to change the cannon out to a different kind for the purpose of the experiment

如果人們為了試驗想把主砲換成其它類型的主砲，

it would be relatively easy to do so.

這樣就比較容易更換

Not much else back here.

後面這裡其它就沒什麼了

We move forward.

我們繼續往前

As you get up onto the turret roof, it's quite sparse, but there are a couple of interesting features.

當上到砲塔頂時，上面稀稀拉拉的沒什麼東西，但有幾個有趣的地方

First we have the Commander's Hatch which as you can see has an incorporated range-finder.

大家可以看到，首先是指揮官艙，配備有一體化的測距儀

This is one of the first Soviet Vehicles to have one.

這是第一批配備有測距儀的蘇聯戰車

So you have your two lenses, one on each side.

有兩個透鏡，一邊一個

One lens is fixed the other one will rotate, and you simply use a triangulation system to figure out how far away your target is.

有一個透鏡是固定的，另一個可以旋轉，只需用一個三角測量系統就可以算出目標的距離

It was expected that you were going to get first round hits on a two metre target at about 900 metres.

預計第一發砲彈將擊中距離大約 900 米的一個大小為兩米的目標

The Loader's hatch had a mounting point, during testing it was mounted, for a 14.5mm KPV-T machine gun.

裝填手艙有一個 14.5mm KPV-T 機槍的安裝點，在測試時是安裝有機槍的

Now you will see that it does have a hand crank on it,

現在大家將看到這輛戰車上面確實有一個手搖曲柄

with a gun on the end as well it's going to be quite heavy.

因為端部裝有一門主砲，所以艙門會非常重

But without the gun, you could still manually traverse it round if you felt the need.

但是如果沒有這門主砲，需要的時候還是可以手動轉動艙門的

There's a third hatch, front left, for the gunner

第三個艙位，左前方，砲手艙

and the last thing you'll see here is that you get a great view of the massive 152 with the double baffle muzzle break and the fume extractor.

在這裡大家最後將看到的是巨大的帶雙擋板砲口制退器和煙霧抽除器的 152 機槍

Again, one of the first Soviet Vehicles to have a fume extractor fitted.

同樣，這是第一批配備有煙霧抽除器的蘇聯戰車

As I'm sitting here looking forward I'm just imagining driving through open fields, crushing all before me.

當我坐在這兒向前看時，就在想像駕駛著它疾馳在開闊的曠野之上並輾碎面前一切東西的畫面

This is one of those tanks that I get the feeling you would have just really enjoyed riding around in.

這是一輛讓我感覺駕駛起來會非常享受的戰車

You just get this feeling of being awesome person on the planet.

它會讓人感覺自己是整個宇宙最棒的人

Guess points for psychology there.

我想這裏面涉及了心理學觀點

Anyway, that's the end of the outside tour.

無論如何，外面的參觀到此結束

So for part 2, we go inside.

到第 2 部分，我們將進到戰車裡